收入差距测度及分解方法述评(英文)

本文按研究对象将收入差距划分为总体收入差距和组群收入差距两大类,从收入不平等、极化和组群收入差距三个层面梳理了收入差距的测度及其分解方法。其中,收入不平等侧重于对总体收入差距的刻画;极化着眼于收入分布中的“聚集”或“扎堆”现象,其衡量指标大体上可分为两极分化测度指标和多极分化测度指标。在收入差距的分解上,Shapley分解和组群收入差距的分布分解方法都是较为前沿的研究领域。文章还强调了各种收入差距衡量指标或分解方法的适用性和针对性,以便有的放矢地选用合适的相关指标和方法,更精准地探寻收入差距的成因。     

创业网络规模与质量对创业资源获取的影响——基于创业阶段的分析*

创业网络是由与创业过程中创业者或新创企业发生联系的不同主体构成的社会网络,包括创业者个体网络和组织间网络两个层面。创业网络规模和质量对创业者创业活动具有直接重要影响,这种影响主要通过对创业资源获取渠道与机会的作用发生。通过回顾国内外创业网络及创业资源获取方面的研究文献,从创业阶段划分视角分析创业网络规模和质量对创业资源获取的影响机制,并以蒙牛的案例进行实证分析,最后提出了对策建议。     

怀智兴教:对中国大陆教师培养中一些问题的探索

笔者旨在探讨本科师范教育在中国大陆的一些重大发展性问题.讨论的中心将围绕本科师范院校所处的学术与行政环境、师范教育课程改革等问题展开.文章将会关注有关师范教育的三方面问题:(1)师范教育在高等教育中的角色;(2)师范教育的课程改革及其重点;(3)师范教育的管理.通过分析相关师范教育改革措施,认为改革一方面要考虑到师范院校在高等教育机构中所面临的困境,另一方面也要注意到其自身从课程设置到计划管理中产生的种种问题.     

东晋中期的两大文学集团

东晋中期的政坛中存在着两大势力群,即盘踞荆襄的桓温政治集团与代表司马王室的司马昱政治集团。桓温与司马昱都爱好文学,招纳才士,围绕他们形成了两大文学集团。两大文学集团之间既有对抗,也有交流,深刻地影响了东晋文坛的格局。它们改变了当时文人的生活,促进了各种文学活动的展开,更对玄言诗的发展起到了推波助澜的作用。     

杜绝死刑冤假错案十论

近年来在我国司法实践中,有关死刑的冤假错案频频发生,这一现象引起了众多专家学者的关注和思考。针对目前司法实践中存在的问题,我们必须树立"以人为本"、"生命至上"的理念,在司法工作中切实贯彻落实科学发展观;切实做好入罪的甄别工作,防止以"假事实"掩盖"真事实"而按"假事实"对行为人定罪,严禁以所谓的高科技手段进行所谓的心理测试;坚定地执行"疑罪从无"的原则,赋予犯罪嫌疑人以沉默权;应当不断提高侦查讯问程序的透明度,强化对侦查讯问活动有效的内部监督和有力的外部监督,坚决排除刑讯所取得的嫌疑人供述,减少冤假错案发生的几率;切实推行错案追究和"行政问责"制度,对于酿成错案的有关人员给予严厉制裁,加大对司法腐败的惩治力度。     

Systems,features, figures: Approaches to language and class vs. language and race

This paper contrasts different approaches taken in research on language and race vs. language and class. It looks at the timescales, units of analysis, and phenomena that have drawn scholars’ attention, and considers how each subfield approaches the study of language and inequality. ??? ??? ???? ??, ??? ???? ??? ? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??·?? ??. ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????, ???? ??? ???? ? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ? ??? ????.     

Linguistic competency and citizenship: Contrasting portraits of multilingualism in the South Korean popular media1

This paper examines how metapragmatic framings of multilingual competency and incompetency have become indexes of global and South Korean citizenship in the South Korean popular media. Drawing upon depictions of multilingualism in South Korean television deurama (‘drama’), comedy skits, and popular music, it examines how the locus of modernity and cosmopolitanism is moving away from the U.S.‐oriented overseas Korean (gyopo) and towards the figure of the elite transnational returnee (saldaon saram). It argues that as the transnational circulation of people, media, and ideologies accelerates in the age of globalization, intra‐ethnic discourses of linguistic mockery will also intensify. 本文檢視南韓大眾媒體中的多語現象, 探討擁有多語能力如何成為判定是世界公民和南韓公民的依據。我們探索在全球化下, 欠缺語言能力的種族化形象的跨國流傳, 以及同民族間的語言嘲諷現象的興起。這篇文章觀察南韓電視連續劇、綜藝節目喜劇單元和流行音樂中對多語現象的呈現, 據此分析多語現代性和世界主義如何從過去曾是南韓旅美僑胞的表徵, 轉變成當今海歸(跨國鍍金後返國)人士的專屬形象。[Mandarin] ? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????. ???, ??? ?, ??? ?? ?? ? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????. ??, ???? ?? ??? ???, ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ? ???, ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????. [Korean]     

A dynamic multiple-variety choice adaption model

The choice of a product on one purchase occasion by one consumer could be multiple varieties and influenced by past usage experience of this product. To mimic the real situation, this article proposes a new dynamic multiple-variety choice (DMC) model which incorporates quantitative and qualitative dynamics into an additive utility function. This model exhibits three major features of consumer purchase behavior: more than one variety purchased, learning behavior from use experience, and forgetting with the passage of time. All these are achieved by combining a simultaneous demand model with Bayesian learning theory embedded in an exponential function. The model is tested and validated using Hong Kong television viewing data. Empirical results show that including Bayesian learning in a multiple-choice model significantly improves model performance and prediction accuracy, and consideration of the effect of forgetting when studying learning behavior renders the Bayesian learning model much more accurate in practical application.