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501.
We explored the influences of women's social learning, marital resources and constraints, and exposure to norms about women's family roles on their views about wife hitting or beating among 5,450 participants in the 2005 Egypt Demographic and Health Survey. One half justified wife hitting or beating for some reason. Women from rural areas who were exposed to domestic violence more often justified such acts. Dependent wives whose husbands had more schooling, were blood relatives, and were coresident more often justified such acts. In settings where women tended to marry at older ages, women less often justified such acts. Women's resources and constraints in marriage accounted for the largest share of the variability in their attitudes about domestic violence against women. 相似文献
502.
The positive association between moderate alcohol consumption and wages is well documented in the economic literature. Positive
health effects as well as networking mechanisms serve as explanations for the “alcohol–income puzzle.” Using individual-based
microdata from the SOEP for 2006, we confirm that this relationship exists for Germany as well. More importantly, we shed
light on the alcohol–income puzzle by analyzing, for the first time, the association between beverage-specific drinking behavior
and wages. In our analysis, we disentangle the general wage effect of drinking into diverse effects for different types of
drinkers. Mincerian estimates reveal significant and positive relationships between wine drinkers and wages as well as between
multiple beverage drinkers and wages. When splitting the sample into age groups, the “drinking gain” disappears for employees
under the age of 35 and increases in size and significance for higher age groups. We also find a “beer gain” for the oldest
age group and male residents of rural areas as well as a “cocktail gain” for residents of urban areas. Several explanations
for our empirical results are discussed in view of the likelihood that the alcohol–income puzzle is a multicausal phenomenon.
相似文献
Markus M. GrabkaEmail: |
503.
Our understanding of the underlying demographic components of population change in new Hispanic destinations is limited. In this paper, we (1) compare Hispanic migration patterns in traditional settlement areas with new growth in emerging Hispanic destinations; (2) examine the role of immigration vis‐à‐vis domestic migration in spurring Hispanic population redistribution; and (3) document patterns of migrant selectivity, distinguishing between in‐migrants and non‐migrant Hispanics at both the origin and destination. We use several recent datasets, including the 1990 and 2000 Public Use Microdata Samples (which include new regional geocodes), and the 2005 and 2006 files of the American Community Survey. Our results document the widespread dispersion of the Hispanic population over the 1990–2006 period from established Hispanic gateways into new Hispanic areas and other parts of the country. Nearly one‐half of Hispanic net migration in new destinations comes from domestic gains. In contrast, both established and other Hispanic areas depend entirely on immigration, with each losing domestic migrants to high growth areas. Migrant flows also are highly differentiated by education, citizenship, and nativity. To fully understand the spatial diffusion of Hispanics requires a new appreciation of the complex interplay among immigration, internal domestic migration, and fertility. 相似文献
504.
505.
Wade M. Cole 《Sociological Forum》2009,24(3):563-588
What factors determine whether and how deeply countries will commit to the international human rights regime? Using data for up to 142 countries between 1966 and 2000, this article analyzes patterns of membership to the International Human Rights Covenants. The analysis produced two main conclusions. First, the potential costs associated with joining a treaty, rather than its substantive content, motivates the decision to join. Treaties that protect different rights but establish comparable implementation mechanisms exhibit similar patterns of membership, whereas treaties that protect identical rights but establish different implementation provisions exhibit dissimilar patterns of membership. Second, rates of treaty membership differ by level of commitment. Countries that sign human rights treaties differ from countries that ratify. Results are interpreted with respect to four theories of commitment and compliance: realism, liberalism, constructivism, and sociological institutionalism. Theories that emphasize the importance of a treaty’s costs (realism and institutionalism) fare better than theories that prioritize a treaty’s content (liberalism and constructivism). 相似文献
506.
George P. Knight Delfino Vargas‐Chanes Sandra H. Losoya Sonia Cota‐Robles Laurie Chassin Joanna M. Lee 《Journal of research on adolescence》2009,19(4):625-653
This study examines changes over time in ethnic affirmation/belonging and ethnic identity achievement, Spanish language use, English language use, Mexican/Mexican‐American affiliation/identification and Anglo affiliation/identification in a sample of Mexican‐American adolescents participating in a longitudinal study of juvenile offenders. The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure and the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans‐II were completed by the Mexican‐American adolescents 7 times over a 3‐year period. The findings from longitudinal growth modeling analyses and growth mixture modeling analyses indicate that there is heterogeneity in the initial scores and changes over time on these variables that are related to markers for the cultural qualities of the home environment (i.e., generational status and mother's most frequent language use). In contrast to expectations, marginalized or assimilated acculturation trajectories/types were not overrepresented in this sample of adolescent offenders. Implications for our understanding of the nature of acculturation and enculturation processes and the way these processes are studied are discussed. 相似文献
507.
Elizabeth H. Blodgett Salafia Dawn M. Gondoli Amber M. Grundy 《Journal of research on adolescence》2009,19(4):654-668
This study examined the longitudinal associations among maternal warmth, adolescents' self‐disclosure, and maternal knowledge during the transition to adolescence. Three years of self‐report data were collected from 131 married mothers and their adolescents. Results from longitudinal analysis using adolescent reports indicated that greater maternal warmth in sixth grade predicted higher levels of adolescents' self‐disclosure in seventh grade, which in turn led to higher levels of maternal knowledge in eighth grade. Thus, adolescents' self‐disclosure served as an indirect link between higher maternal warmth and greater knowledge over time. An alternative model with prior self‐disclosure predicting subsequent maternal warmth and knowledge was not supported. Overall, this study demonstrated a time‐ordered process by which maternal warmth and adolescents' self‐disclosure predict maternal knowledge. Understanding such processes that affect parental knowledge may be beneficial for future prevention and intervention efforts during the transition to adolescence. 相似文献
508.
Annette M. C. Roest Judith Semon Dubas Jan R. M. Gerris Rutger C. M. E. Engels 《Journal of research on adolescence》2009,19(4):812-833
In research on value similarity and transmission between parents and adolescents, no consensus exists on the level of value similarity. Reports of high‐value similarities coexist with reports of low‐value similarities within the family. The present study shows that different conclusions may be explained by the use of different measurement strategies. In addition, we demonstrate that measured value similarities may be biased by a cultural stereotype, that is, an indirectly measurable phenomenon outside the family most likely attributed to shared cultural experiences. We examined similarities in 8 social–cultural value orientations among fathers, mothers, and adolescents from 433 Dutch families. Results revealed different outcomes when using ordinary correlations (r), absolute difference scores (d), or profile correlations (q). Similarly, different influences of a cultural stereotype were found when applying different measurement strategies. We discuss which measurement strategies are best used under which circumstances and which role the cultural stereotype plays. 相似文献
509.
M. Reza Nakhaie 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2009,30(4):399-411
This paper presents, for the first time, multivariate analyses of Canadian national data and tests the relationship between
class-based egalitarianism and housework for married and cohabiting male and female university professors in 2000. Consistent
with evidence in the general population, gender accounts for more variation in housework than a host of other predictors (i.e.,
class- and gender-based ideology, institutional contexts and resources, available time, presence of children, age, minority
racial status, and religiosity). Nevertheless, these forces play important roles in increasing or decreasing domestic labor
contributions of both male and female academics. Among these, professors who possess class-based egalitarian views do more
housework, and egalitarianism increases domestic labor contributions of males and decreases that of females. 相似文献
510.
Catherine S. Elliott Keith Fitzgerald Donald M. Hayward Stela Krasteva 《Journal of Socio》2009,38(1):96-103
Our experiment, which tested support for a hypothetical social welfare program, found that the civically engaged as a whole were resistant to social justice framing employing universalistic versus particularistic standards. We suggest the lack of a framing effect was due to the use of a preexisting, shared “symbolic racism” frame. Social justice framing did succeed for those whose attitudes toward symbolic racism were ambivalent or neutral. Other factors including sex, income level, political participation, and ideology significantly influenced choice. These results provide some indications of limits to experimental framing of policy preferences of the civically engaged in their institutional settings. 相似文献