在实践中形成的宪法——兼谈日本宪法第9条

制约国家权力以保护个人权利只是宪法的一面，而国民作为主人公，发挥能动性则构成宪法的另一面。护宪派从宪法的社会契约性与普遍的价值性出发认为不应修宪，而修宪派则以日本宪法在制定程序上存在问题为由主张修宪：他们的问题都在于将法律文本绝对化，而宪法，并不仅仅指的是成文的法典，而是与宪法内容相关的各种法、制度、习惯的全体，是人民通过主观能动的政治实践活动形成的宪法。     

董事会结构对公司绩效产生影响的机理分析

在阐述董事会的主要职能及其治理对公司绩效影响的基础上 ,通过理论分析模型研究了董事会结构对公司绩效的影响机理 ,并分析以往对董事会与公司绩效之间关系的相关研究结论存在重大差异的主要原因 ,以期为今后针对国内上市公司开展深入系统的实证研究提供一个有参考价值的理论框架。     

Bayesian methods for contingency tables using Gibbs sampling

Cell counts in contingency tables can be smoothed using loglinear models. Recently, sampling-based methods such as Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) have been introduced, making it possible to sample from posterior distributions. The novelty of the approach presented here is that all conditional distributions can be specified directly, so that straight-forward Gibbs sampling is possible. Thus, the model is constructed in a way that makes burn-in and checking convergence a relatively minor issue. The emphasis of this paper is on smoothing cell counts in contingency tables, and not so much on estimation of regression parameters. Therefore, the prior distribution consists of two stages. We rely on a normal nonconjugate prior at the first stage, and a vague prior for hyperparameters at the second stage. The smoothed counts tend to compromise between the observed data and a log-linear model. The methods are demonstrated with a sparse data table taken from a multi-center clinical trial. The research for the first author was supported by Brain Pool program of the Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies. The research for the second author was partially supported by KOSEF through Statistical Research Center for Complex Systems at Seoul National University.     

发达国家奶业相关政策分析及对我国的启示

改革开放以来,我国奶业发展迅速,但政府奶业相关配套政策目标不明确,手段单一。通过对美国、欧盟、日本奶业政策、手段、效果进行分析,发现不同国家根据各自不同的奶业发展状况设定了适合本国的奶业政策,充分利用WTO允许的政策手段,在保护水平上OECD在大部分年份里奶业的PSE值都高于农业总体的PSE值。目前必须在一定时期内把加强对民族奶业的保护作为我国奶业政策总的目标;在政府奶业扶持政策中,充分利用"绿箱"补贴给予的机会,积极扶持奶农发展。     

论社会转型时期价值冲突的根源与价值观重建

当前我国社会转型时期的价值冲突根源主要有三点,基于此,可以发现我国社会转型时期存在两个亟须解决的问题,一是市场经济的动力问题,二是市场经济的方向问题.文中对这两个问题进行了探讨并试图据此寻找出走出我国当前价值冲突困境的途径.     

Choosing Childlessness: Weber's Typology of Action and Motives of the Voluntarily Childless*

There has been little in‐depth theoretical study in sociology of the motives of women and men who are childless by choice. This article begins to remedy this deficiency by analyzing the motives articulated by twenty‐three childless women and men using Weber's typology of social action and distinction between primary and end motives. In‐depth interview and focus group data reveal that, compared to men, women more often were affected by the parenting models of significant others, saw parenting as conflicting with career and leisured identities, and claimed the lack of a “maternal instinct” or disinterest in children as dominant influences. Men more explicitly than women rejected parenthood because of its perceived sacrifices, including financial expense. Both women and men were motivated by personality traits that they deemed incongruent with good parenting. Declared motives especially demonstrated instrumentally rational action in Weber's schema, although affectual and value‐rational actions also were present. Respondent motives are compared to those that they, and empirical studies, have attributed to parents.     

紫外光固化涂料的历史与现状

文中简介感光性高分子的紫外光固化涂料的发展简史、固化机理及发展方向.     

The Quality of Life in Korea: Comparative and Dynamic Perspectives

Social Indicators Research -     

Partially Collapsed Gibbs Sampling for Linear Mixed-effects Models

This article presents a novel Bayesian analysis for linear mixed-effects models. The analysis is based on the method of partial collapsing that allows some components to be partially collapsed out of a model. The resulting partially collapsed Gibbs (PCG) sampler constructed to fit linear mixed-effects models is expected to exhibit much better convergence properties than the corresponding Gibbs sampler. In order to construct the PCG sampler without complicating component updates, we consider the reparameterization of model components by expressing a between-group variance in terms of a within-group variance in a linear mixed-effects model. The proposed method of partial collapsing with reparameterization is applied to the Merton’s jump diffusion model as well as general linear mixed-effects models with proper prior distributions and illustrated using simulated data and longitudinal data on sleep deprivation.     

人类学古典进化论者之文明镜像管窥——以《金枝》为切入点

作为古典进化论学派的已近黄昏之作,《金枝》所构建的文明镜像,在基本延续了此前人类学观照传统的基础上又有所超越,其对文明进程及现状的揭示使镜中自我产生 了一定程度上的自我疑虑,《金枝》因此具有的文本穿透力使其成为古典人类学的绝唱。古典人类学家关于文明差异性解释的效度虽然有限,但其寻求人类整体性文化逻辑的努力 ,本身就是人类学自身历史中重要的一部分,其意义应该得到重视。