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991.
Kandice Kapinos 《Journal of Labor Research》2012,33(1):91-103
In light of the recent concerns regarding the solvency of Social Security’s Old-Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (OASDI),
private pensions may play an increasingly important role in retirement welfare of US retirees. However, the private pension
landscape has evolved in ways that may result in lower private pension wealth for retirees. One recent such phenomenon involves
the conversion of traditional defined benefit pension plans to cash balance plans, which results in lower pension benefits
for many workers. In this study, I investigated how characteristics of the firm’s workforce influenced whether the firm converted
their traditional pension plan to a cash balance plan and how these characteristics related to the firm’s pension plan policy
more generally. Using the Longitudinal Employer-Household Data and pension plan data from the Department of Labor/Internal
Revenue Service and the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, I found little evidence of workforce age distribution effects
on the likelihood of DB plan conversion to a cash balance plan in the 1990s. More generally, I consistently found positive
associations between firms with older and more female workforces and defined contribution plans during the same time. 相似文献
992.
Elizabeth Popp Berman 《Theory and Society》2012,41(3):261-299
Organizational institutionalism has shown how institutional entrepreneurs can introduce new logics into fields and push for
their broader acceptance. In academic science in the United States, however, market logic gained strength without such an
entrepreneurial project. This article proposes an alternative “practice selection” model to explain how a new institutional
logic can gain strength when local innovations interact with changes outside the field. Actors within a field are always experimenting
with practices grounded in a variety of logics. When one logic is dominant, innovations based on alternative logics may have
trouble gaining the resources they need to become more broadly institutionalized. But if a changing environment starts systematically
to favor practices based on an alternative logic, that logic can become stronger even in the absence of a coherent project
to promote it. This is what happened in US academic science, as growing political concern with the economic impact of innovation
changed the field’s environment in ways that encouraged the spread of local market-logic practices. 相似文献
993.
Elizabeth Bernstein 《Theory and Society》2012,41(3):233-259
This article draws upon recent works in sociology, jurisprudence, and feminist theory in order to assess the ways in which
feminism, and sex and gender more generally, have become intricately interwoven with punitive agendas in contemporary US politics.
Melding existing theoretical discussions of penal trends with insights drawn from my own ethnographic research on the contemporary
anti-trafficking movement in the United States—the most recent domain of feminist activism in which a crime frame has prevailed
against competing models of social justice—I elaborate upon the ways that neoliberalism and the politics of sex and gender
have intertwined to produce a carceral turn in feminist advocacy movements previously organized around struggles for economic
justice and liberation. Taking the anti-trafficking movement as a case study, I further demonstrate how human rights discourse
has become a key vehicle both for the transnationalization of carceral politics and for the reincorporation of these policies
into the domestic terrain in a benevolent, feminist guise. I conclude by urging greater and more nuanced attention to the
operations of gender and sexual politics within mainstream analyses of contemporary modes of punishment, as well as a careful
consideration of the neoliberal carceral state within feminist discussions of gender, sexuality, and the law. 相似文献
994.
Research linking childhood physical abuse (CPA) and adult intimate partner aggression (IPA) has focused on individuals without sufficient attention to couple processes. In this study, 109 couples reported on histories of CPA, IPA, and anger expression. Actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) was used to examine links between CPA and revictimization and perpetration of IPA, with anger suppression as a potential mediator. Women's CPA histories were associated with more physical aggression towards and more revictimization by partners. Men's CPA histories were only associated at the trend level with their revictimization. Anger suppression fully mediated the link between women's CPA and both revictimization and perpetration of IPA. Findings suggest that women with CPA histories are more prone to suppress anger, which leaves them at greater risk for revictimization and perpetration of IPA. 相似文献
995.
996.
Nancy M. Petry Carlos Blanco Marc Auriacombe Guilherme Borges Kathleen Bucholz Thomas J. Crowley Bridget F. Grant Deborah S. Hasin Charles O’Brien 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2014,30(2):493-502
The fifth revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) is scheduled for publication in 2013. It will include several changes to the diagnosis of pathological gambling: the name of the disorder will be altered, the threshold for diagnosis will decrease, and one criterion will be removed. This paper reviews the rationale for these changes and addresses how they may impact diagnosis and treatment of the disorder, as well as potential for future research in the field. 相似文献
997.
Eyamba G. Bokamba 《Journal of Sociolinguistics》2014,18(3):408-414
998.
In this article, we investigated the effects of marriage and spousal characteristics on the use of preventive care. We accounted for the endogeneity of marriage by combining propensity score estimation techniques with marriage transitions observed in longitudinal data. Results indicated that marriage increases the probability of dental check-ups and physical examinations for both sexes and mammograms and Pap smears for women. Next, we examined whether spousal characteristics affect the use of preventive care. Spousal education, income, health conditions, and preferences for risk and health care all affected use of preventive care in expected directions. Taken together, we conclude that marriage increases the use of preventive care; however, the net marital effect masks a heterogeneity that results from the characteristics of the spouse an individual marries. 相似文献
999.
This study was designed to explore the grandparent-grandchild relationship from the perspective of South African adolescents, and to investigate whether grandparental involvement is independently associated with adolescents’ psychological well-being. Data were collected from 204 adolescents (mean age = 13.69) using a school-based survey. Results revealed high levels of contact between grandparents and grandchildren, although involvement varied depending on grandparent, grandchild, and family characteristics. Grandparental involvement was significantly associated with more adolescent prosocial behavior, independent of parental involvement. The findings suggest a unique association between grandparental involvement and prosocial behavior that is robust across different cultural contexts. 相似文献
1000.
The aim of this paper is to provide new evidence on the effect of partners’ wages on partners’ allocation of time. Earlier studies concluded that wage rates are an important determinant of partners’ hours of market and non-market work and also that house work may lower married women’s wage rates. However, the bulk of earlier literature in this area failed to account for the endogeneity of wages or the simultaneity of partners’ time allocation choices. Here we take a reduced form approach and specify a ten simultaneous equations model of wage rates, employment and hours of market work, house work and childcare of parents. Non-participants are included in the model. We exploit a rich time use dataset for France to estimate the model. We find that the own wage affects positively own market hours and negatively own house work and childcare hours. The wage of the father has a significantly negative effect on the mother’s market hours while her wage rate has a significantly positive effect on his house work hours. 相似文献