Alcohol and substance use disorders as predictors of child to adult sexual revictimization in a sample of community women

Alcohol- and substance-related diagnoses were examined as factors in child to adult sexual revictimization. Three hundred community women completed interviews and self-report instruments to obtain information regarding victimization and to diagnose substance use disorders (alcohol and substance abuse/dependence). Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) survivors were more likely than nonvictims to meet criteria for both substance use disorders and to report rape (e.g., unwanted intercourse due to threat or use of force, or due to the inability to consent due to the respondent's alcohol or drug use) and coerced intercourse (e.g., unwanted intercourse due to verbal coercion or misuse of authority by the perpetrator) by acquaintances, strangers, and husbands. In general, both CSA and substance use disorders were predictive of adult sexual victimization, but there were no significant interactions between these factors. Overall, substance use disorders were related to rape for all women; this relationship was not unique to CSA survivors. Alcohol- and substance-related diagnoses predicted rape by all three types of perpetrators, but CSA was predictive of rape only by acquaintances and strangers and not husbands. In contrast, CSA predicted coerced intercourse by all three perpetrators, while alcohol- and substance-related diagnoses predicted coerced intercourse by acquaintances and strangers, but not husbands. Results highlight the need to continue the study of revictimization of CSA survivors, including examination of both rape and sexually coercive experiences by different types of perpetrators. Findings support continued research of substance use disorders as risk factors for sexual victimization among all women.     

印度诗学阐释方法

印度诗学阐释方法和印度诗学一样充满异质性,很具研究价值."神谕天启"和"析例相随"是其两大基本形式.二者互相作用,形成了印度诗学阐释方法的"尊神重析"的风格特征.印度诗学阐释方法,是在特定的历史文化环境中生成和发展的,它的旺盛的生命力向人们昭示其生成和发展充满必然性和合理性.     

论“以德治国”方略的实施和民族精神的塑造

江泽民同志提出的"以德治国"思想第一次把道德建设提到了治国基本方略的高度上来,将有力地推动我国的精神文明建设.我国正在建设社会主义市场经济,市场经济使人们的道德观念发生了积极的变化,同时也带来了诸多的负面影响.因此,为了加强社会主义精神文明建设,振奋民族精神,提出"以德治国"方略具有现实意义.     

监督媒体:对新闻媒介"舆论监督"的另一极

新闻媒体担当着监测社会环境的"守门人"功能,是民主化社会正常运行的基本保障,倘若新闻媒体出现腐败变质,必然影响媒体的公信力和客观、权威性.分析新闻媒体腐败现象种种,揭示新闻腐败的实质是新闻权的滥用,而造成新闻腐败的根本原因是经济利益的驱使和缺乏对新闻媒体有效的舆论监督机制.对此,应在建立有效的媒体监督机构的同时,大力整顿媒体从业队伍,强化社会舆论对媒体的有效监督,并将之纳入法制化轨道,在构建强大的"反腐败"社会力量之下,实现媒体舆论监督社会和社会监督新闻媒体的良性互动,促进社会新闻传播事业和社会风气的健康向上.     

论国民待遇在世贸组织法律体系中的科学定位

法律原则是构成法律规则之基础或本源的具有根基性质的原理和准则。国民待遇在世贸组织成立前是多边贸易法律体系的基本原则,然而,多边贸易法律体系经乌拉圭回合后已扩展到服务贸易等新的领域。无论从规则角度,还是从实证的角度来看,国民待遇不构成GATS的基本原则,因而也不构成世贸组织法的基本原则。这一变化是服务贸易所具有的不同性质和特征在多边贸易法律体系上的体现。     

The effects of learning and forgetting on the optimal lot size quantity of intermittent production runs

This paper studies the effects of learning and forgetting on the production lot size problem with infinite and finite planning horizons. It is assumed that the determination of the economic manufactured quantity (EMQ) in the succeeding production run is dependent on: (1) the maximum inventory accumulated prior to interruption; (2) the length of the interruption period which incurs total forgetting; and (3) the level of experience in equivalent units remembered at the start-up of the next production run. The optimum operating inventory doctrines is obtained by trading off procurement cost per unit time and the inventory carrying cost per unit time, so that their sum will be a minimum. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the application of learning and forgetting to the determination of the EMQ.     

一种大型圆盘设备的自动清洗装置

食品、化工企业中采用的大型圆盘过滤机、制曲机由于体积庞大,为了解决其生产过程中依靠传统人工清洗耗时耗力的问题,设计了一种大型圆盘设备的自动清洗装置。在圆盘设备支撑中心立柱上增加一套清洗装置,该装置结合大型圆盘设备的结构特性,将清洗装置与圆盘支撑中心立柱组合,利用圆盘盘体间接带动清洗装置,清洗圆盘底部筋板、筒壁和地面。该设计能实现无死角清洗,提高了生产效率和可靠性,降低了能耗。     

现代人文精神与社会主义法治国家——兼论五四开拓社会主义法治国家的概念

现代人文精神为马克思主义所批判继承与弘扬 ,成为社会主义法治国家的理念基础。其思想源头可追溯到五四时期中国马克思主义先驱者李大钊、陈独秀等结合旧中国实际所阐述的现代法治社会国民或公民应有的自觉意识。对此资源 ,2 1世纪的中国应予积极开发利用 ,以利于锻造社会主义法治国家所需要的理念基础和现代人文精神     

我国南北地区经济差距扩大化研究

通过实证分析 ,从我国南北地区的划分、南北地区差距扩大及其成因以及缩小南北地区差距的对策探讨等四个方面 ,对我国南北地区差距日益扩大化问题进行了深入细致的研究分析 ,希望有助于深化对中国区域发展问题的研究。