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31.
This paper studies natives’ economically motivated preferences over different levels of immigration of low-income earners. Immigration affects natives through both intra- and intergenerational redistribution programmes and in the labour market. Our analysis suggests, in a welfare state that looks after the poor and the aged, economic motivation does not necessarily lead a native to have an extreme opinion on the preferable level of immigration, although it causes disagreement among natives. We find, regardless of parameter values, high-income earners prefer at least as much immigration as low-income earners who, in turn, prefer at least as much immigration as pensioners. The median voter is then likely to be a low-income native.
相似文献
Yuji TamuraEmail: Fax: +44-24-76523032 |
32.
Giulio?CapernaEmail authorView authors OrcID profile Giovanna?Boccuzzo 《Social indicators research》2018,136(3):1071-1088
The aim of this work is to propose a tool for measuring a complex concept, and to apply it to big sets of data measured on ordinal and/or dichotomous scales. An important field of application are subjective data, that are often based on opinions or personal evaluations. Many national and international surveys employ this kind of data, measured among thousand of individuals. Thanks to the use of the “average rank” as a synthetic measure of a complex concept, we believe that poset theory could be a very useful approach for dealing with ordinal data avoiding the use of scaling procedures. Because classic poset approaches are at their best when applied to few data at a time, our idea is based on a procedure for sampling units from a big population using a simple criterion to summarize the resulting values appropriately. Applying the central limit theorem enables a comparison of the results obtained from different groups using statistical tests on the means. We used our Height of Groups by Sampling (HOGS) method to compare the average rank among groups that are defined by one or more socio-demographic variables influencing the level of the complex concept we wish to measure. The application of the HOGS procedure to life satisfaction in Italy generated convincing results, revealing significant differences between regions, genders and levels of formal education. We compared the results given by HOGS with the non linear principal component analysis and obtain an easy readable output with convincing precision and accuracy; we are confident that the HOGS procedure can be applied to many other concepts investigated in the social sciences. 相似文献
33.
Gustavo?Berganti?osEmail author Jordi?Massó Alejandro?Neme 《Social Choice and Welfare》2012,38(3):371-406
The division problem consists of allocating a given amount of a homogeneous and perfectly divisible good among a group of
agents with single-peaked preferences on the set of their potential shares. A rule proposes a vector of shares for each division
problem. The literature has implicitly assumed that agents will find acceptable any share they are assigned to. In this article
we consider the division problem when agents’ participation is voluntary. Each agent has an idiosyncratic interval of acceptable
shares where his preferences are single-peaked. A rule has to propose to each agent either to not participate or an acceptable
share because otherwise he would opt out and this would require to reassign some of the remaining agents’ shares. We study
a subclass of efficient and consistent rules and characterize extensions of the uniform rule that deal explicitly with agents’
voluntary participation. 相似文献
34.
Strategy-proof and anonymous rule in queueing problems: a relationship between equity and efficiency
We consider a relationship between equity and efficiency in queueing problems. We show that under strategy-proofness, anonymity
in welfare implies queue-efficiency. Furthermore, by combining the result of Kayı and Ramaekers (Games Econ Behav 68:220–232,
2010) with ours, we also give a characterization of the class of rules that satisfy strategy-proofness, anonymity in welfare,
and budget-balance. 相似文献
35.
36.
We investigate the implications of balanced consistency and balanced cost reduction in the context of sequencing problems. Balanced consistency requires that the effect on the payoff from the departure of one agent to another agent should be equal between any two agents.
On the other hand, balanced cost reduction requires that if one agent leaves a problem, then the total payoffs of the remaining agents should be affected by the amount
previously assigned to the leaving agent. We show that the minimal transfer rule is the only rule satisfying efficiency and Pareto indifference together with either one of our two main axioms, balanced consistency and balanced cost reduction. 相似文献
37.
Çi?dem Berber ÇelikHatice Odac? 《Children and youth services review》2012,34(1):200-204
Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of experience of childhood abuse among university students on self-perception and submissive behavior.Methods
The study group consisted of 646 students attending various departments of the Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Education in Trabzon, Turkey. Participants were administered the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Social Comparison Scale and the Submissive Acts Scale in a classroom setting.Results
Analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between self-perception and all forms of abuse (physical abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse and neglect), and a positive correlation between submissive behavior and all forms of abuse. The students' emotional abuse and neglect scores varied significantly according to gender, with males having higher emotional abuse and neglect scores than those of girls. Additionally, males had higher physical abuse scores than girls.Conclusion
Childhood abuse emerged as a significant predictor of negative self-perception and submissive behavior. In addition, with the exception of sexual abuse, other forms of abuse vary according to gender. The experiences of childhood abuse may have a long-term impact on various features of character and behavior. 相似文献38.
Luiz Claudio Marques Campos Patricia Maria Mendon?a Mario Aquino Alves 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2012,23(1):236-256
This article reflects on the importance of the relations between state and society in policy-making in the area of public
health. Several studies in various sectors such as health, education, and social services have made similar observations on
organizational dynamics and the institutionalization of different models of partnerships or contracts, often based on the
analytical model of three sectors. Individuals and their networks of relationships, however, remain an almost unexplored dimension
in these types of research. Against this backdrop, this study seeks to analyze the movement of HIV/AIDS activists to governmental
organizations working in this same field. The analysis raises questions concerning the forms of individual and institutional
learning that help to maintain the distinct character of innovation of the Brazilian policy. Professionals who cross the borders
hold a different profile once they have accumulated experience working with grassroots and local NGOs, and have also had the
chance to be trained and enhance their technical and managerial capacities, since the government has supported NGOs for a
long period. When combined, these experiences allow them to maintain relationships with social movements and give them the
ability to navigate through the government bureaucracy and handle technical information about fighting AIDS epidemics, making
it possible for them to negotiate strategic collaborations reflecting the interests of different groups. Hence, they constantly
reflect on the differences between government and social spaces, and keep questioning and modifying their roles in the light
of potential and existing complementarities. 相似文献
39.
Sangeetha?MadhavanEmail author Linda?Richter Shane?Norris Victoria?Hosegood 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2014,35(4):452-463
We used data from the Birth to Twenty Cohort study to understand children’s receipt of financial support from their fathers in a low income, Black community in urban South Africa. Specifically, we (1) described fathers’ financial support over the life course of children; (2) estimated survival probabilities of receiving support for all children and not receiving support for children who experienced a parental union dissolution; and (3) identified factors that explained variation in the receipt of support after a union dissolution. Results suggest that most children received full or partial support throughout the life course. Furthermore, a high proportion of children received support after a union dissolution with much of the variation driven by pre-dissolution support, father’s education and the presence of extended kin. 相似文献
40.