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691.
Sangit Chatterjee Mustafa R. Yilmaz Mohamed Habibuliah Matthew Laudato 《统计学通讯:理论与方法》2013,42(3):655-675
We develop an entropy-based test for randomness of binary time series of finite length. The test uses the frequencies of contiguous blocks of different lengths. A simple condition ib the block lengths and the length of the time series enables one to estimate the entropy rate for the data, and this information is used to develop a statistic to test the hypothesis of randomness. This static measures the deviation of the estimated entropy of the observed data from the theoretical maximum under the randomness hypothesis. This test offers a real alternative to the conventional runs test. Critical percentage points, based on simulations, are provided for testing the hypothesis of randomness. Power calculations using dependent data show that the proposed test has higher power against the runs test for short series, and it is similar to the runs test for long series. The test is applied to two published data sets that wree investigated by others with respect to their randomness. 相似文献
692.
Theo Lorenc Mark Pearson Farah Jamal Chris Cooper Ruth Garside 《Research Synthesis Methods》2012,3(1):1-10
Systematic reviews of qualitative evidence have been widely used to provide information on the context and implementation of interventions, and their potential barriers and facilitators. However, such reviews face a number of methodological challenges, and there are ongoing debates as to how qualitative evidence can best be used to inform our understanding of interventions. In this paper, we use a case study of two systematic reviews of qualitative evidence on the prevention of skin cancer to explore these issues. We find that qualitative evidence not directly related to interventions is likely to be of value for such reviews, that it is often not possible to construct fully comprehensive search strategies, and that there are diminishing returns to the synthesis, in terms of added value or insight, from the inclusion of large numbers of primary studies. We conclude that there are a number of ways in which systematic reviews of qualitative evidence can be utilised in conjunction with evidence on intervention effectiveness, without compromising the rigour of the review process. In particular, the use of theory to inform frameworks for synthesis is a promising way to integrate a broader range of qualitative evidence. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
693.
Noomen Ben Ghorbal 《Australian & New Zealand Journal of Statistics》2011,53(2):157-177
The estimation of a real‐valued dependence parameter in a multivariate copula model is considered. Rank‐based procedures are often used in this context to guard against possible misspecification of the marginal distributions. A standard approach consists of maximizing the pseudo‐likelihood. Here, we investigate alternative estimators based on the inversion of two multivariate extensions of Kendall's tau developed by Kendall and Babington Smith, and by Joe. The former, which amounts to the average value of tau over all pairs of variables, is often referred to as the coefficient of agreement. Existing results concerning the finite‐ and large‐sample properties of this coefficient are summarized, and new, parallel findings are provided for the multivariate version of tau due to Joe, along with illustrations. The performance of the estimators resulting from the inversion of these two versions of Kendall's tau is compared in the context of copula models through simulations. 相似文献
694.
In this paper we present a parsimonious multivariate model for exchange rate volatilities based on logarithmic high–low ranges of daily exchange rates. The multivariate stochastic volatility model decomposes the log range of each exchange rate into two independent latent factors, which could be interpreted as the underlying currency specific components. Owing to the empirical normality of the logarithmic range measure the model can be estimated conveniently with the standard Kalman filter methodology. Our results show that our model fits the exchange rate data quite well. Exchange rate news seems to be currency specific and allows identification of currency contributions to both exchange rate levels and exchange rate volatilities. 相似文献
695.
José Luis Aznarte Jesús Alcalá-Fdez Antonio Arauzo José Manuel Benítez 《Econometric Reviews》2013,32(6):646-668
Fuzzy rule–based models, a key element in soft computing (SC), have arisen as an alternative for time series analysis and modeling. One difference with preexisting models is their interpretability in terms of human language. Their interactions with other components have also contributed to a huge development in their identification and estimation procedures. In this article, we present fuzzy rule–based models, their links with some regime-switching autoregressive models, and how the use of soft computing concepts can help the practitioner to solve and gain a deeper insight into a given problem. An example on a realized volatility series is presented to show the forecasting abilities of a fuzzy rule–based model. 相似文献
696.
This article discusses the importance of collaboration with suppliers and partners during research and development (R&D) technology projects. It details how this can be accomplished using the collaborative enterprise governance (CEG) concept to manage a technology project. CEG is based on the premise that parts of companies work with parts of other companies, which are reconfigured on dynamic bases according to a variety of different internal and external factors. This article presents an overview of the founding literature, the CEG and its methodology, and examples based at Jaguar Land Rover in the UK. CEG has been used here to explain why some technology projects have succeeded while others have done less well. This article concludes by offering new propositions, inducted through grounded theory, relating to the successful management of R&D projects, which should be picked up by future research studies in the area. 相似文献
697.
Imad Bou‐hamad Denis Larocque Hatem Ben‐Ameur Louise C. Mâsse Frank Vitaro Richard E. Tremblay 《Revue canadienne de statistique》2009,37(1):17-32
Tree‐based methods are frequently used in studies with censored survival time. Their structure and ease of interpretability make them useful to identify prognostic factors and to predict conditional survival probabilities given an individual's covariates. The existing methods are tailor‐made to deal with a survival time variable that is measured continuously. However, survival variables measured on a discrete scale are often encountered in practice. The authors propose a new tree construction method specifically adapted to such discrete‐time survival variables. The splitting procedure can be seen as an extension, to the case of right‐censored data, of the entropy criterion for a categorical outcome. The selection of the final tree is made through a pruning algorithm combined with a bootstrap correction. The authors also present a simple way of potentially improving the predictive performance of a single tree through bagging. A simulation study shows that single trees and bagged‐trees perform well compared to a parametric model. A real data example investigating the usefulness of personality dimensions in predicting early onset of cigarette smoking is presented. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 37: 17‐32; 2009 © 2009 Statistical Society of Canada 相似文献
698.
叶本祥 《深圳大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2000,17(4):70-74
以文艺创作"三环论"为基础,第一次运用创作者心境"内容"的概念,对中国文人画意境与创作者心境之间的密切联系进行探讨和论证.弄清文人画意境与创作者心境之间的联系,对文人画艺术的赏析和研究具有重要意义. 相似文献
699.
In this paper we study the asymptotic theory of M-estimates and their associated tests for a one-factor experiment in a randomized block design. In this case one natural asymptotic theory corresponds to leaving the number of treatments fixed and letting the number of blocks tend to infinity. The classic asymptotic theory of M-estimates does not apply here, because the number of parameters and the number of observations are of the same order. In this paper we prove the consistency and asymptotic normality of the estimators of the treatment effects. It turns out that the asymptotic covariance matrix of the treatment effects estimators differs from the one derived from the classic theory of M-estimates for the linear model with a fixed number of parameters. We also study a test for treatment effects derived from M-estimates and we compare by Monte Carlo simulation the efficiency of this test with respect to the F-test, the Friedman test and the test based on aligned ranks. 相似文献
700.