建设节约型社会的理性思考

工业文明以来,石油危机、海啸等一系列生态危机就人类对资源的保护和利用问题敲响了警钟。为了实现人与自然的和谐、可持续发展,实现全面建设小康社会的目标,2004年初,我国政府正式提出建设节约型社会,使资源得到节约使用,环境得到保护,人民生活更加文明、健康、科学,经济与社会持续发展。建设节约型社会是可持续发展不可分割的部分,是构建和谐社会的重要保证,是中国现代化的根本出路,关系到中华民族的兴衰与长期发展,也关系到全人类的幸福与明天。本文主要研究节约型社会作为节约系统工程的评价及体系构建,以期更好地建设节约型社会。     

An Initiators' Perspective on the Continuity of Citizens' Initiatives in Rural Areas

Against the backdrop of depopulation and the shift toward Big Society, citizens' initiatives in rural areas are believed to be able to mitigate the decline of service provision in rural regions. Consequently, this mitigation requires the continuity of such initiatives. However, so far, we lack an initiators' perspective on the relevance of this continuity and the factors influencing it. From a theoretical standpoint, continuity of citizens' initiatives can be understood at three levels: the participant, group, and initiative levels. Based on empirical data obtained from 157 questionnaires distributed to a variety of initiatives, and using regression analysis, the focus of this paper is twofold. First, how and at which level the initiators understand continuity of an initiative is considered. Second, factors influencing the expected continuity of an initiative are researched. The results reveal that continuity differs from merely being successful and is influenced by other factors as well. Furthermore, continuity on the initiative level—the realization of a certain goal—is most prominent in analyzing expected continuity. In conclusion, we explore the roles that citizens' initiatives can be expected to play in service provision and which levels of continuity align with these expectations.     

Economic Inequality is Associated with Lower Internet Use: A Nationally Representative Study

Social Indicators Research - Previous studies have documented the associations of objective class with either social capital or subjective social status, yet little attention has been paid to the...     

长三角地区能源效率及其影响因素分析

当前我国生产领域中的能源效率远低于发达国家,而长江三角洲是我国主要能耗地区,提高长三角地区的能源效率具有重要的现实意义。选取了长三角内部三省市14年的面板数据,利用能源强度评价长三角地区能源利用现状,通过实证分析长三角内部各省市的能源效率影响因素,结果发现产业结构和市场化程度对能源效率具有正面影响,外向化程度对能源结构具有负面影响。     

Extending Bayesian back-calculation to estimate age and time specific HIV incidence

Lifetime Data Analysis - CD4-based multi-state back-calculation methods are key for monitoring the HIV epidemic, providing estimates of HIV incidence and diagnosis rates by disentangling their...     

REAL EXCHANGE RATE,MONETARY POLICY,AND THE U.S. ECONOMY: EVIDENCE FROM A FAVAR MODEL

This paper examines the effects of exchange rate depreciation to the U.S. economy in a factor‐augmented vector autoregression model using monthly data of 148 variables for the post–Bretton Woods period of 1973–2017. Exchange rate shock is identified to reflect exogenous disturbances to the foreign exchange market, and movements in exchange rate that are not accounted for by changes in the U.S. monetary policy. We find that depreciation is expansionary and inflationary to the broad U.S. economy, the current account improves over time conforming to the J‐curve theory, and monetary policy is leaning against the wind. (JEL E3, E5, F31, F32, F41)     

The impact of the European Youth Guarantee on active labour market policies: A convergence analysis

The European Union’s (EU) Youth Guarantee aims to improve the labour market situation of young people. Rather than prescribing a uniform policy model, it acknowledges that supportive measures need to align with national, regional and local circumstances. It thus seeks to promote mutual policy learning through the open method of coordination. As an innovative measure, the EU has deployed funding programmes to support the domestic measures related to the Youth Guarantee. We therefore examined in this study whether this mix of recommendations and financial incentives has entailed a convergence of member state policies. Our analysis of policy outputs for the period 2007?2014 yields a mixed empirical picture. There is catching‐up convergence regarding policies’ sectoral coverage but increasing divergence concerning the number of adopted policy instruments. The first two years of financial incentives did not produce any effect on enhancing policy experimentation among less active member states. We offer an optimistic and a pessimistic interpretation of these findings.     

教学督导制度在高校中的构建及其运行模式浅析

教学督导制度的建立对高校完善教学管理体制、加强教学质量监控、促进教学质量提高发挥了重要作用。本文从教学督导制度的建立背景和意义入手,阐述了教学督导机构建立的优势和特点,研究了教学督导工作运行模式及其职能,提出了在教学督导实践中应正确处理教学督导运行模式中几方面关系,分析了教学督导工作的今后探索方向,以便进一步完善教学督导制度,为高校教学督导工作目标的实现提出新的思路。     

论表见代理中的两个问题

表见代理的构成要件及其效力问题,直接关系到本人、无权代理人、相对人的权利、义务和责任.过失责任的基本归责原则,在民法中居于极为重要的支配地位,将本人具有过错作为表见代理的构成要件之一,更具有合理性.民事行为的效力有四种情形,即有效、无效、可撤销和效力未定,将表见代理的效力规定为有效,在民法理论体系上有无法克服的矛盾,若视其为可撤销的民事行为,则可较好地平衡本人和相对人之间的利益,也可保持民法理论体系的前后一致性.     

礼仪文化的生命流动——传播

礼仪是在一定社会中人们共同认可、约定俗成的行为准则或规范,礼仪文化是这种行为准则或规范的总和。礼仪文化是流动的,不是静止的。流动也就是礼仪文化的生命运动。为了保证礼仪文化的生命延续,也就是礼仪活动必须依托一定的传播媒介才能完成。当代传播媒介的强大功能及其影响力,为礼仪文化的广泛传播提供了必要的条件。