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991.
Psychological factors and social relationships are important components that influence an individual’s communication style. This paper aims to examine the association of personality factors, social anxiety (SA) and loneliness with mobile phone (MP) usage preferences on the basis of voice calling and text messaging. Malaysian MP users (N = 187) completed four questionnaires (Mobile Phone Usage Questionnaire, Big Five Inventory, Interaction Anxiousness Scale and UCLA Loneliness Scale) on paper or online via a web-link. Multiple regression analyses revealed that personality, SA and loneliness broadly predicted preferences for voice calling or text messaging. Further analyses examining the predictability of time spent on voice calls/text messaging and number of people called/exchanged text messages also revealed some significant findings in regards to the openness-to-experience personality dimension, loneliness and SA. The findings of this research have important implications to tailoring the delivery of psychological services to individuals diagnosed with chronic loneliness and SA. 相似文献
992.
Alok Kumar Dwivedi Indika Mallawaarachchi Soyoung Lee Patrick Tarwater 《Journal of applied statistics》2014,41(3):484-500
Studying the effect of exposure or intervention on a dichotomous outcome is very common in medical research. Logistic regression (LR) is often used to determine such association which provides odds ratio (OR). OR often overestimates the effect size for prevalent outcome data. In such situations, use of relative risk (RR) has been suggested. We propose modifications in Zhang and Yu and Diaz-Quijano methods. These methods were compared with stratified Mantel Haenszel method, LR, log binomial regression (LBR), Zhang and Yu method, Poisson/Cox regression, modified Poisson/Cox regression, marginal probability method, COPY method, inverse probability of treatment weighted LBR, and Diaz-Quijano method. Our proposed modified Diaz-Quijano (MDQ) method provides RR and its confidence interval similar to those estimated by modified Poisson/Cox and LBRs. The proposed modifications in Zhang and Yu method provides better estimate of RR and its standard error as compared to Zhang and Yu method in a variety of situations with prevalent outcome. The MDQ method can be used easily to estimate the RR and its confidence interval in the studies which require reporting of RRs. Regression models which directly provide the estimate of RR without convergence problems such as the MDQ method and modified Poisson/Cox regression should be preferred. 相似文献
993.
We examine several methodological considerations when eliciting probabilistic expectations in a developing country context using the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI). We conclude that although, on average, individuals are able to understand the concept of probability, responses are sensitive to framing effects and to own versus hypothetical-person effects. We find that overall, people are pessimistic about their survival probabilities compared with state-specific life tables and that socioeconomic status does influence beliefs about own survival expectations as found in previous literature in other countries. Higher levels of education and income have a positive association with survival expectations, and these associations persist even when conditioning on self-reported health. The results remain robust to several alternative specifications. We then compare the survival measures with objective measures of health. We find that activities of daily life, height, and low hemoglobin levels covary with subjective expectations in expected directions. 相似文献
994.
Lijuan Huo Yunmi Kim Dong Jin Lee 《Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation》2017,87(7):1305-1322
Quantile regression (QR) models have been increasingly employed in many applied areas in economics. At the early stage, applications in the QR literature have usually used cross-sectional data, but the recent development has seen an increase in the use of QR in both time-series and panel data sets. However, testing for possible autocorrelation, especially in the context of time-series models, has received little attention. As a rule of thumb, one might attempt to apply the usual Breusch–Godfrey LM test to the residuals of a baseline QR. In this paper, we demonstrate analytically and by Monte Carlo simulations that such an application of the LM test can result in potentially large size distortions, especially in either low or high quantiles. We then propose a correct test (named the QF test) for autocorrelation in QR models, which does not suffer from size distortion. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that the proposed test performs fairly well in finite samples, across either different quantiles or different underlying error distributions. 相似文献
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997.
We're GRAND: a qualitative design and development pilot project addressing the needs and strengths of grandparents raising grandchildren
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Custodial grandparents play a significant role in sustaining healthy families, but the caregiving is demanding. A social research design and development process informed a school district‐university partnership project responding to the needs of a group of custodial grandparents. Three phases of the project are described: (i) needs assessment; (ii) design and implementation of a psychoeducational group facilitated by social work faculty and a school district administrator; and (iii) evaluation of programme impact. Major themes from the needs assessment and evaluation are presented. Discussion highlights the need for school and family engagement, recognition of the significant changes in family role required for grandparents, and viewing custodial grandparents as leaders and engaged caregivers. The meaning of diversity in group intervention for this population is also explored. 相似文献
998.
Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of sildenafil 25?mg qd, 25?mg bid or 50?mg qd – on treating lower urinary tract symptoms with benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH).Materials and methods: Men aged?>?45 years with LUTS/BPH were randomly assigned to receive sildenafil 25?mg qd (n?=?42), bid (n?=?41), 50?mg qd (n?=?38) or placebo (n?=?41) for 8 weeks. Changes from baseline in International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) and postvoid residual urine volume (PVR) were assessed at week 4 and week 8.Results: Sildenafil 25?mg qd (-7.3?±?5.8) and 25?mg bid (-7.0?±?5.7) exhibited significant improvements of I-PSS compared to placebo (-5.2?±?6.4) (p?=?0.020, 0.025, respectively). In particular, voiding domain was more affected than storage domain. Only sildenafil 50?mg qd improved nocturia significantly (versus placebo, p?=?0.027). Quality of life score was improved in all treatment groups. Qmax and PVR did not change significantly in all groups. All regimens were well tolerated.Conclusions: Sildenafil 25?mg qd, 25?mg bid and 50?mg qd are safe and effective to improve LUTS/BPH in long term, along with coexisting ED. In particular, nocturia is most well-controlled by 50?mg qd. 相似文献
999.
Ji-Young Lee 《心理学和人类性特征杂志》2017,29(4):338-345
Little is known about how common sexual agreements (SAs) are among mixed-sex couples. Data from 555 partnered, mixed-sex adults who completed a 1-time web survey were used to describe who had a SA in their current relationship and associated factors. Sixty-two percent reported having a SA. Having a SA was associated with identifying as bisexual or questioning, owning a smartphone, and recently having anal sex in the current relationship. Further research is needed to assess whether SAs may be an ideal platform to assist mixed-sex couples with their sexual health needs, which could include HIV/STD prevention and family planning. 相似文献
1000.
Combining spiral of silence theory with the situational theory of problem solving, this study explores the extent to which publics differ in their willingness to express their opinions in hostile social situations. Based on analysis of a survey among 369 college students about their willingness to express opinions on 2 controversial topics (gun possession and climate change), 3 key findings emerge: (a) Fear of isolation suppresses people's willingness to express their opinions in public; (b) active publics are more likely than other types of publics to express their opinions; and (c) there is no interaction effect between fear of isolation and types of publics. In addition to several theoretical contributions, the findings provide public relations practitioners with a model for predicting which types of publics would be more or less likely to express their opinion. 相似文献