代位求偿权行使条件之比较

本文首先阐明代位求偿权的涵义。在此基础上，针对我国法律关于代位求偿权的相关规定以及国内学者对代位求偿权行使条件的理解，比较借鉴英国法律，分析我国法律所确立的代位求偿权行使条件，提出自己的观点和看法。     

Access to Land,Rural Development and Public Action: The When and the How

After being marginalised in the 1980s, land‐reform policies came back to national and international development agendas during the 1990s, resulting in a revival of academic research on the subject. This article reviews the empirical literature on access to land, rural development and public action for evidence on when and how the state should intervene in the allocation of rural land. The review suggests that positive impacts are obtained if, and only if, public actions on the allocation of land are carried out under certain conditions and in a certain way. The article ends by highlighting the need to elaborate empirical models that take into consideration opportunity costs and interactions, and that integrate individual responses with aggregate effects.     

Denn sie wissen was sie tun!

Information and communication technologies (IT) permeate both the business and the private world. They cause profound changes for companies in terms of structure, leadership, culture, education and the position of individuals within the context of the company. Established structures, decision making habits and methods of communication are being called into question. This means that communication is neither explicitly controllable nor in some cases even specified, but it also should not be viewed as arbitrary. Structures which are treated as contingent require meta-management, reflection and determination. Leaders are forced to act within a constellation of tensions between the reduction and the expansion of complexity as basic functions of structuring. Ideally this type of steering takes place consciously and with a view toward the future, taking into account the increasing complexity and dynamics of the environment and the corporate culture. Empirical studies of our four intervention research projects show that the situation for many companies is sobering. Companies cannot always entirely interpret the rapid development of communication technologies and the consequences it brings with it, nor can they completely make use of its potential advantages. Companies and individuals are forced to think actively within the networked economy. The demand for further education shifts between the company (expertise, employee loyalty) on the one hand and the responsibility of the individual for his or her own development on the other. Agreements are the key to bringing harmony and new solutions to the conflicts among the differing interests of individuals, subsystems and the company as a whole. Considering the complex requirements for companies and management caused by IT, this article shows that reflective observation of intervention research, guided by theory and with a focus on targeted change of management practice, is a process which provides new opportunities for action in both theory and practice. In this process, focusing (systemization) and reflection (enhancement of perspectives) are fundamental keys for dealing with complexity.     

老年急性白血病治疗方案的临床研究

目的研究治疗老年急性白血病的最佳策略,提高老年急性白血病患者完全缓解(CR)率,改善老年急性白血病患者的生活质量。方法回顾性分析35例老年急性白血病的临床表现,实验室检查特征及不同化疗方案的疗效。结果:联合化疗17例,CR率47%(8/17),其中急性非淋巴细胞性白血病(ANLL)9例,CR率44.4%(4/9);急性淋巴细胞性白血病(ALL)8例,CR率50%(4/8)。小剂量阿糖胞苷(Ara-C)或三尖杉脂碱(H)化疗9例,CR率22.2%(2/9)。全反式维甲酸(ATRA)治疗3例,1例安全缓解。姑息治疗6例。结论临床上老年急性白血病普遍对化疗反应差,CR率低。对老年急性白血病应选择积极、合理、个体化的治疗方案,有利于提高老年急性白血病的疗效,改善老年急性白血病患者的生活质量。     

话语基调在请求言语行为中的体现

话语基调为言语参与者提供说话的根基。在表达请求言语行为时,双方都要遵守与之相关的社会基调和交际风格的约定,求得请求言语的表达不会损伤别人的"面子"观。作者通过对话语基调和言语策略的研究和分析,进一步探讨了说话双方如何委婉、礼貌地表达自己的请求言语行为。     

海峡西岸社会主义新农村规划与实施的若干建议

在把握海峡西岸社会主义新农村建设的战略定位、价值选择和几大主要矛盾问题的基础上,从规划定位与规划要处理的几个关系,规划实施过程中的试点、农村产业体系的构建、体制机制的创新与完善等方面提出相关的建议。     

浅析高校学生干部的管理问题——基于委托代理理论的视角

高校学生干部管理工作不仅是学生思想政治工作取得成效的重要途径和手段,也是进一步开创学生思想政治工作新局面的重要基础。本文在查阅和分析众多相关文献的基础上,运用委托代理理论,结合高校学生干部管理的现实,从分析高校学生干部的行为特征入手,总结出学生干部缺乏干部意识、缺乏风险精神、忽视理论学习、忽视道德培养和学校缺乏培养和监督机制等五个主要问题,提出加强高校学生干部管理,根本在于建立和改善学生干部的选拔机制、激励机制、监督机制以及加强思想道德素质教育。     

Rethinking a universal framework in the psychiatric symptom-disorder relationship

Research on disparities in health and services should include a critical examination of how social, cultural, and contextual factors affect the connection between symptoms and psychiatric disorders. Systematic differences in this connection by these factors will mean that clinicians using a universalist approach to disorders may make more diagnostic errors for certain patients (e.g., ethnic minorities, the poor). Based on the literature on normative clinical decision-making, this study tests for whether the effect of specific psychiatric disorders on key symptoms is the same for certain groups of the population. The data come from the National Comorbidity Survey. Conditional probabilities of disorders and symptoms, the elements feeding into clinical decision-making, are calculated and tested for equivalence across various racial/ethnic, educational, income, and gender groups. We find some significant differences in the relation of key symptoms to disorders across groups. These findings should encourage testing relativistic frameworks in diagnostic nosology as a step to improve clinical decision-making and reduce diagnostic and treatment disparities in mental health services.     

预期寿命增长、年龄结构改变与我国国民储蓄率

人口年龄结构趋于老龄化和人均预期寿命逐步增长是目前我国人口发展的两个典型特征,而年龄阶段不同,个人的收入、消费与储蓄行为也不同。基于生命周期理论,在选定相关分析指标的基础上,文章使用我国省际平衡面板数据,实证分析了我国人口预期寿命增长和年龄结构改变对国民储蓄率的影响。分析结论表明,人口预期寿命增长提高了我国国民储蓄率;不考虑时间效应时,幼年人口负担比提高会减少国民储蓄率,而老年人口负担比提高会增加国民储蓄率;在考虑时间效应时,幼年人口负担比提高会增加国民储蓄率,而老年人口负担比提高会减少国民储蓄率。对此,文章给出了合理的解释。通过使用多种估计方法,我们发现所得到的结论是基本稳健的。