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71.
72.
The aim of this paper is to propose conditions for exploring the class of identifiable Gaussian models with one latent variable.
In particular, we focus attention on the topological structure of the complementary graph of the residuals. These conditions
are mainly based on the presence of odd cycles and bridge edges in the complementary graph. We propose to use the spanning
tree representation of the graph and the associated matrix of fundamental cycles. In this way it is possible to obtain an
algorithm able to establish in advance whether modifying the graph corresponding to an identifiable model, the resulting graph
still denotes identifiability. 相似文献
73.
Conti Pier Luigi Di Iorio Alberto Guandalini Alessio Marella Daniela Vicard Paola Vitale Vincenzina 《Statistical Methods and Applications》2020,29(1):1-24
Statistical Methods & Applications - This paper focuses on the estimation of the concentration curve of a finite population, when data are collected according to a complex sampling design with... 相似文献
74.
In this paper we explore the possibility to use a particular class of models, known as probabilistic expert systems, to define two classes of estimators of a contingency table in case of stratified sampling designs. The two classes are characterized by the different role of the sampling design: in the first, the sampling design is treated as an additional variable; in the second, it is used only for estimation purposes by means of the survey weights. The bias/variance trade off of these estimators is analyzed and the consequences of model misspecification are illustrated. Furthermore, it is shown that the Horvitz–Thompson estimator belongs to both classes of estimators. It comes out that the Horvitz–Thompson estimator is almost always inefficient but robust. Monte Carlo simulations illustrate the efficiency of the proposed estimators. 相似文献
75.
Variable selection is one of the main problems faced by data mining and machine learning techniques. These techniques are
often, more or less explicitly, based on some measure of variable importance. This paper considers Total Decrease in Node
Impurity (TDNI) measures, a popular class of variable importance measures defined in the field of decision trees and tree-based
ensemble methods, like Random Forests and Gradient Boosting Machines. In spite of their wide use, some measures of this class
are known to be biased and some correction strategies have been proposed. The aim of this paper is twofold. Firstly, to investigate
the source and the characteristics of bias in TDNI measures using the notions of informative and uninformative splits. Secondly,
a bias-correction algorithm, recently proposed for the Gini measure in the context of classification, is extended to the entire
class of TDNI measures and its performance is investigated in the regression framework using simulated and real data. 相似文献
76.
In this article, we propose a parametric model for the distribution of time to first event when events are overdispersed and
can be properly fitted by a Negative Binomial distribution. This is a very common situation in medical statistics, when the
occurrence of events is summarized as a count for each patient and the simple Poisson model is not adequate to account for
overdispersion of data. In this situation, studying the time of occurrence of the first event can be of interest. From the
Negative Binomial distribution of counts, we derive a new parametric model for time to first event and apply it to fit the
distribution of time to first relapse in multiple sclerosis (MS). We develop the regression model with methods for covariate
estimation. We show that, as the Negative Binomial model properly fits relapse counts data, this new model matches quite perfectly
the distribution of time to first relapse, as tested in two large datasets of MS patients. Finally we compare its performance,
when fitting time to first relapse in MS, with other models widely used in survival analysis (the semiparametric Cox model
and the parametric exponential, Weibull, log-logistic and log-normal models). 相似文献
77.
Perelli-Harris B Kreyenfeld M Sigle-Rushton W Keizer R Lappegård T Jasilioniene A Berghammer C Di Giulio P 《Population studies》2012,66(2):167-182
Couples who have children are increasingly likely to have lived together without being married at some point in their relationship. Some couples begin their unions with cohabitation and marry before first conception, some marry during pregnancy or directly after the first birth, while others remain unmarried 3 years after the first birth. Using union and fertility histories since the 1970s for eleven countries, we examine whether women who have children in unions marry, and if so, at what stage in family formation. We also examine whether women who conceive when cohabiting are more likely to marry or separate. We find that patterns of union formation and childbearing develop along different trajectories across countries. In all countries, however, less than 40 per cent of women remained in cohabitation up to 3 years after the first birth, suggesting that marriage remains the predominant institution for raising children. 相似文献
78.
Here or There? Shifting Meanings and Practices in Mother–Child Relationships across Time and Space
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Paola Bonizzoni 《International migration (Geneva, Switzerland)》2015,53(6):166-182
In this paper, I analyse the changes that mothers and children experience in their relationship due to the physical separations and reunions entailed by the international migration process. I argue that the different geographical configurations that migrant families take over time are the outcome of a negotiation of care responsibility and desired geographies of family life, and are accompanied by changing meanings and practices in intimate relationships: the location of care relationships is influenced by the relatives' capacity both to take part in family negotiations as well as to overcome the constraints imposed by policies. Time is relevant because it leads to shifting meanings and practices of transnational family life, as well as to the changing role of children in the family. 相似文献
79.
Looking for the Best and Brightest? Deservingness Regimes in Italian Labour Migration Management
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Paola Bonizzoni 《International migration (Geneva, Switzerland)》2018,56(4):47-62
It is often maintained that contemporary foreign labour recruitment programs have taken an increasingly selective stance and that skills are increasingly crucial in granting migrants easier access and stronger welfare and residency rights in receiving countries. The paper provides a retrospective account of the evolution of Italian labour migration management, paying attention to the changing selection criteria reflected in some of its “front, back and side doors”. It will be shown that Italian labour migration management is increasingly embracing a bifurcated regime of deservingness. Despite some recent tentative signs of change towards an increased evaluation of high skills as a selection principle embedded into a competitiveness‐driven frame, over the last decades labour migration management has been largely dominated by the recruitment of a low‐skilled workforce. The paper discusses the emergence of a specific construction migrants’ deservingness placing Italy in a peculiar position in a European context. 相似文献
80.
Daniela Cantone Concetta Paola Pelullo Mariagrazia Cancellieri Francesco Attena 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(2):e83-e88