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21.
Sets of relatively short time series arise in many situations. One aspect of their analysis may be the detection of outlying
series. We examine the performance of standard normal outlier tests applied to the means, or to simple functions of the means,
of AR(1) series, not necessarily of equal lengths. Although unequal lengths of series implies that the means have unequal
variances, that are only known approximately, it is shown that nominal significance levels hold good under most circumstances.
Thus a standard outlier test can usefully be applied, avoiding the complication of estimating the time series' parameters.
The test's power is affected by unequal lengths, being higher when the slippage occurs in one of the longer series 相似文献
22.
Bram Thuysbaert 《Journal of Economic Inequality》2008,6(1):33-55
Empirical applications of poverty measurement often have to deal with a stochastic weighting variable such as household size.
Within the framework of a bivariate distribution function defined over income and weight, I derive the limiting distributions
of the decomposable poverty measures and of the ordinates of stochastic dominance curves. The poverty line is allowed to depend
on the income distribution. It is shown how the results can be used to test hypotheses concerning changes in poverty. The
inference procedures are briefly illustrated using Belgian data.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
23.
Singh et al. ([13]) pointed out that the Randomized response (RR) technique proposed by Moors ([9]) is not desirable because
it fails to protect the confidentiality of the respondents and they provided two alternative strategies free from the above
drawback but limited to SRSWOR sampling only. In this paper, generalization of one of the strategies is provided for complex
survey designs, wider class of estimators and for quantitative characteristics. Relative efficiency of the modified strategy
is tested through empirical investigations.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
24.
Medical fraud and overservicing are estimated to cost the Australian community between $130 and $200 million per annum, a figure far greater than the national cost of burglary and almost the same as the total property loss from all conventional crime. An examination of the social antecedents of medical fraud and overservicing suggests that the predisposition of some doctors to engage in these practices occurs because of the following: (1) medical training and professional socialization that orientate student doctors away from altruistic health issues towards narrower self-interested professional concerns; (2) career expectations of a high pattern of material consumption that are often frustrated by an increasingly competitive medical market place; and (3) professional medical organizations that lobby for national health policies which reflect the mercenary self-interest of doctors rather than the health interest of the nation. 相似文献
25.
The Analysis of Verbal Behavior - 相似文献
26.
27.
28.
Gabriela Beganu 《Statistical Methods and Applications》2007,16(3):347-356
It is known that the Henderson Method III (Biometrics 9:226–252, 1953) is of special interest for the mixed linear models
because the estimators of the variance components are unaffected by the parameters of the fixed factor (or factors). This
article deals with generalizations and minor extensions of the results obtained for the univariate linear models. A MANOVA
mixed model is presented in a convenient form and the covariance components estimators are given on finite dimensional linear
spaces. The results use both the usual parametric representations and the coordinate-free approach of Kruskal (Ann Math Statist
39:70–75, 1968) and Eaton (Ann Math Statist 41:528–538, 1970). The normal equations are generalized and it is given a necessary
and sufficient condition for the existence of quadratic unbiased estimators for covariance components in the considered model. 相似文献
29.
Marc Kennedy Clive Anderson Anthony O'Hagan Mark Lomas Ian Woodward John Paul Gosling Andreas Heinemeyer 《Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A, (Statistics in Society)》2008,171(1):109-135
Summary. A crucial issue in the current global warming debate is the effect of vegetation and soils on carbon dioxide (CO2 ) concentrations in the atmosphere. Vegetation can extract CO2 through photosynthesis, but respiration, decay of soil organic matter and disturbance effects such as fire return it to the atmosphere. The balance of these processes is the net carbon flux. To estimate the biospheric carbon flux for England and Wales, we address the statistical problem of inference for the sum of multiple outputs from a complex deterministic computer code whose input parameters are uncertain. The code is a process model which simulates the carbon dynamics of vegetation and soils, including the amount of carbon that is stored as a result of photosynthesis and the amount that is returned to the atmosphere through respiration. The aggregation of outputs corresponding to multiple sites and types of vegetation in a region gives an estimate of the total carbon flux for that region over a period of time. Expert prior opinions are elicited for marginal uncertainty about the relevant input parameters and for correlations of inputs between sites. A Gaussian process model is used to build emulators of the multiple code outputs and Bayesian uncertainty analysis is then used to propagate uncertainty in the input parameters through to uncertainty on the aggregated output. Numerical results are presented for England and Wales in the year 2000. It is estimated that vegetation and soils in England and Wales constituted a net sink of 7.55 Mt C (1 Mt C = 1012 g of carbon) in 2000, with standard deviation 0.56 Mt C resulting from the sources of uncertainty that are considered. 相似文献
30.
1938年夏天,美国年轻学者科尼利尔斯·奥斯古德为了履行与燕京大学的合作计划,不远万里来到滇池西岸一个名不见经传的小村庄调查.1961年,他开启尘封的笔记本,整理旧资料,补充新文献,完成了<旧中国的农村生活:对云南高峣的社区研究>.70年过去,重温科尼利尔斯·奥斯古德的研究历程,我们仍会从中获得许多有益的启示. 相似文献