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991.
Are there gender and country of origin differences in immigrant labor market outcomes across European destinations? 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The 1994–2000 waves of the European Community Household Panel are used to study the earnings of immigrants as compared to
native workers in 15 European countries. At the time of arrival, there is a significant negative partial effect of foreign
birth on individual earnings compared to the native born in the destination of around 40%. These differences vary across origins
and destinations and by gender. Immigrant earnings catch-up to those of the native born after around 18 years in the destination.
Schooling matters more for earnings for women, whereas, language skills are relatively more important for men.
相似文献
Barry R. ChiswickEmail: |
992.
This paper examines recent changes in weekly income levels and dispersion for Māori, New Zealand’s indigenous ethnic group.
Changes in the Māori income distribution between 1997 and 2003 reflect rapid increases in economic growth and employment rate.
A reduced proportion of people had zero or benefit-level incomes and a higher proportion had high incomes. Income inequality
declined for working-aged Māori and was stable for employed Māori. The average income gap between Māori and Europeans declined.
The increased Māori employment rate during this period was the single most important driver of changes in the Māori income
distribution.
相似文献
David C. Maré (Corresponding author)Email: |
993.
Black is not always black. Subtle distinctions in skin tone translate into significant differences in outcomes. Data on more
than 15,000 households interviewed during the 1860 US federal census exhibit sharp differences in wealth holdings between
white, mulatto, and black households in the urban South. We document these differences, investigate relationships between
wealth and recorded household characteristics, and decompose the wealth gaps to examine the returns to racial characteristics.
The analysis reveals a distinct racial hierarchy. Black wealth was only 20% of white wealth, but mulattoes held nearly 50%
of whites’ wealth. This advantage is consistent with colourism, the favouritism shown to those of lighter complexion.
相似文献
Christopher S. RuebeckEmail: |
994.
995.
In this paper, we consider a Bayesian analysis of the unbalanced (general) growth curve model with AR(1) autoregressive dependence, while applying the Box-Cox power transformations. We propose exact, simple and Markov chain Monte Carlo approximate parameter estimation and prediction of future values. Numerical results are illustrated with real and simulated data. 相似文献
996.
In this paper we investigate the asymptotic critical value behaviour of certain multiple decision procedures as e.g. simultaneous confidence intervals and simultaneous as well as stepwise multiple test procedures. Supposing that n hypotheses or parameters of interest are under consideration we investigate the critical value behaviour when n increases. More specifically, we answer e.g. the question by which amount the lengths of confidence intervals increase when an additional parameter is added to the statistical analysis. Furthermore, critical values of different multiple decision procedures as for instance step-down and step-up procedures will be compared. Some general theoretic results are derived and applied for various distributions. 相似文献
997.
Design of generalized CSP-C continuous sampling plan 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
In this paper, the concept acceptance number has been incorporated to the single level continuous sampling plan CSP-1. The advantage of the proposed plan, designated as the CSP-C plan, is to achieve a reduction in the average fraction inspected at good quality levels. Nomographs for the design of the proposed plan are presented. The expressions of the performance measures for this new plan such as OC, AOQ and AFI are also provided. 相似文献
998.
The recursive least squares technique is often extended with exponential forgetting as a tool for parameter estimation in time-varying systems. The distribution of the resulting parameter estimates is, however, unknown when the forgetting factor is less than one. In this paper an approximative expression for bias of the recursively obtained parameter estimates in a time-invariant AR( na ) process with arbitrary noise is given, showing that the bias is non-zero and giving bounds on the approximation errors. Simulations confirm the approximation expressions. 相似文献
999.
1000.
New Environmental Theories: Toward a Coherent Theory of Environmentally Significant Behavior 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Paul C. Stern 《The Journal of social issues》2000,56(3):407-424
This article develops a conceptual framework for advancing theories of environmentally significant individual behavior and reports on the attempts of the author's research group and others to develop such a theory. It discusses definitions of environmentally significant behavior; classifies the behaviors and their causes; assesses theories of environmentalism, focusingespecially on value-belief-norm theory; evaluates the relationship between environmental concern and behavior; and summarizes evidence on the factors that determine environmentally significant behaviors and that can effectively alter them. The article concludes by presenting some major propositions supported by available research and some principles for guiding future research and informing the design of behavioral programs for environmental protection. 相似文献