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11.
Expectations, Capital Gains, and Income 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A theoretical framework for the measurement of income under uncertainty is developed that addresses some long-standing controversies about the treatment of capital gains. The consequences for economic analysis and policy making are potentially serious, because the treatment of capital gains can significantly affect some major macroeconomic aggregates, including national income and savings, balance of payments deficits, government deficits, and depreciation. (JEL O47 , P44 , Q32 ) 相似文献
12.
Peter M. Hall 《Symbolic Interaction》2003,26(1):33-55
With its roots in American pragmatism, symbolic interactionism has created a distinctive perspective and produced numerous important contributions and now offers significant prospects for the future. In this article, I review my intellectual journey with this perspective over forty years. This journey was initiated within the American society, sociology, and symbolic interaction of circa 1960. I note many of the contributions made by interactionists since that time, with particular focus on those who have contributed to the study of social organization and social process. I offer an agenda for the future based on currently underdeveloped areas that have potential. These are inequality orders, institutional analysis, collective action across space and time, and the integration of temporal and spatial orders. The article concludes with calls for further efforts at cross‐perspective dialogues, more attention to feminist scholars, and an elaborated critical pragmatism. 相似文献
13.
The discovery of participatory research as a new scientific paradigm: Personal and intellectual accounts 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Peter Park 《The American Sociologist》1992,23(4):29-42
The article presents considerations for the placing of participatory research in the practice of sociology. The changing conditions
in contemporary society have compelled social scientists to rethink the way social theory has been conceptualized and has
been practiced in relation to social change. Modernist social theory, of which sociology is a prime example, has been imbued
with the biases of the Enlightenment that privilege the essentialized male rational actor set above the ordinary people. As
a consequence it has produced narratives and practices that are not in the interest of the people, especially those who have
been dominated and oppressed. In order to live up to the potential of sociology as a vehicle for the improvement of social
conditions, it must include the interest and the wisdom of the people in its researching and theorizing activities. It is
argued that participatory research provides an opportunity to follow this course in sociology. Participatory research, it
is contended, will lead to a paradigm shift in the social sciences because it is based on an expanded conception of knowledge
and because it changes the relationship between the researcher and the researched and between theory and practice. Arguments
are drawn from the history of science, critical theory, and postmodernist and feminist critiques.
Peter Park is currently on the faculty of the Fielding Institute. 相似文献
14.
Suzanne T. Ortega David R. Johnson Peter G. Beeson Betty J. Craft 《Rural sociology》1994,59(4):598-619
Abstract This paper examines rural/urban differences and trends in mental health during the farm crisis of the 1980s in a large panel sample from a midwestern state. A community research perspective, which attributes differences to life styles, culture, and community context, is contrasted with an economic stress perspective, which focuses on individual differences in economic circumstances as determinants of rural-urban differences in mental health. Survey samples from 1981, 1986, and 1989 are used to examine differences among seven categories of community type. Multiple regression analysis of the trend and panel data provide support for both the individual economic distress and community context models. 相似文献
15.
In the Netherlands, with its remarkably high disability rates, a new phenomenon seems to be emerging. Growing disability rates in the past few years have been exclusively caused by the growing inflow of women into the disability schemes. Comparing the Dutch situation internationally shows that roughly the same problem seems to exist in those countries in which there is a more general problem of large inflow into disability. Women are overrepresented in these arrangements. The Dutch literature shows that there are many factors (both work- and non-work-related) that contribute to a larger push of women towards disability. We conclude that the benefit system can be seen as a sort of "filter". If the filter is weak, many persons will enter disability. If the pressure on women to enter is larger (or the forces to stop women from entering disability smaller), then inflow risks for women will be higher. 相似文献
16.
Christian P. Robert Xiao-Li Meng Jesper Møller Jeffrey S Rosenthal C Jennison M. A Hurn F Al-Awadhi Peter McCullagh Christophe Andrieu Arnaud Doucet Petros Dellaportas Ioulia Papageorgiou Ricardo S Ehlers Elena A Erosheva Stephen E Fienberg Jonathan J Forster Roger C Gill Nial Friel Peter Green David Hastie R King Hans R Künsch N. A. Lazar C Osinski 《Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B, Statistical methodology》2003,65(1):39-55
17.
18.
Zusammenfassung Unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Führungskr?ften wird ein aktueller überblick über Stressmanagementinterventionen in
der Arbeitswelt (ASMI) anhand von Metaanalysen und Reviews geleistet. Kognitiv-behaviorale und Entspannungstrainings dominieren
und sind effektiv auf individueller Ebene. Interventionen mit Führungskr?ften werden selten evaluiert. Neuere Entwicklungen
von ASMI sind ressourcenbezogen und integrieren zielgruppenorientiert personen- und bedingungsbezogenen Methoden auf der Grundlage
stressbezogener Analysen. Für Führungskr?fte wird auf der Grundlage ihrer Anforderungen, Stressoren und Ressourcen ein Coaching
Konzept entwickelt, bei dem die F?rderung der Self-Leadership Kompetenz und Transferpl?ne im Mittelpunkt stehen.
Dipl.-Psych. Christine G. Busch, Studium: TU Berlin, 1995–1996 Trainerin für Stressmanagement der AOK Berlin u. wiss. Mitarbeiterin an der Universit?t Potsdam; 1996–1998 Univ.-Assistentin für angewandte Psychologie an der Universit?t Innsbruck; seit 1998 wiss. Angestellte der Arbeits-, Betriebs- und Umweltpsychologie an der Universit?t Hamburg.
Dipl.-Psych. Brigitte Steinmetz, Studium: Universit?t Hamburg, seit 2000 freiberufl. T?tigkeit; 2001–02 Stipendiatin der Universit?t Hamburg; seit 2002 wiss. Mitarbeiterin der Arbeits-, Betriebs- und Umweltpsychologie an der Universit?t Hamburg 相似文献
The state-of-the-art in worksite stress management interventions (wSMI) with focus on the executive staff is shown through meta-analyses and reviews. The field is dominated by cognitive-behavioral, multimodal and relaxation trainings. These methods are effective on the individual level, however interventions with executives are rarely evaluated. New developments in wSMI are described where target-group and condition-focused methods are integrated on the basis of stress analyses. For executives, a coaching concept based on the specific demands, stressors and resources is developed with emphasis on the promotion of self-leadership and transfer plans.
Dipl.-Psych. Christine G. Busch, Studium: TU Berlin, 1995–1996 Trainerin für Stressmanagement der AOK Berlin u. wiss. Mitarbeiterin an der Universit?t Potsdam; 1996–1998 Univ.-Assistentin für angewandte Psychologie an der Universit?t Innsbruck; seit 1998 wiss. Angestellte der Arbeits-, Betriebs- und Umweltpsychologie an der Universit?t Hamburg.
Dipl.-Psych. Brigitte Steinmetz, Studium: Universit?t Hamburg, seit 2000 freiberufl. T?tigkeit; 2001–02 Stipendiatin der Universit?t Hamburg; seit 2002 wiss. Mitarbeiterin der Arbeits-, Betriebs- und Umweltpsychologie an der Universit?t Hamburg 相似文献
19.
Asian and White middle school children were shown photographs of unknown Afro-Caribbean, Asian, and White individuals of approximately the same age as themselves, and asked which one wax most like them, which one they would prefer to be, which ones they would prefer to engage in various activities with, and finally, to allocate positive and negative traits to the three groups or to nobody. A similar majority of both Asian and While children selected an own-race photograph as being most like them, but only about a half selected the own-race photograph as the one they would most like to he. For sharing activities, children showed a strong own-tender preference, followed by an own-race preference. White children stated a greater preference for sharing activities with White children, then with Afro-Caribbean children, and least with Asian children. Asian children preferred Asian and White children the most, Afro-Caribbean the least. On a stereotypes test, similar trends were obtained; White children evaluated While children highest and Asian lowest; Asian children tended to evaluate Asian children highest but to a nonsignificant extent. The relative proportion of Asian/White children in school appeared to have little systematic influence on the results, thus arguing against the contact hypothesis of prejudice reduction in its simple form. 相似文献
20.
Peter G. W. Schouten 《Journal of marital and family therapy》1994,20(1):53-60
The article examines some issues raised in Gavin and Wamboldt's (1992) recent study on the Family-of-Origin Scale (FOS) (Hovestadt, Anderson, Piercy, Cochran, & Fine, 1985). The discussion centers on unresolved concerns regarding the validity and utility of the FOS and on unsubstantiated and potentially misleading claims made in the Gavin and Wamboldt article. A case is made for conceptual and methodological precision in the study of family phenomena. 相似文献