This research project is focused on theoretical and empirical works analyzing the effects of career counseling. This experimental and longitudinal study has been carried out in France; it compares a sample of individuals having undertaken competence assessment with a control group and deals with self‐esteem, self‐analysis, self‐concept, and the participants' situations. The results correspond to the authors' main hypotheses: The effect size calculated for all the variables (+0.62) is similar to the one observed in the meta‐analyses concerning the same topic. The stability of effects has also been demonstrated for 2 out of 3 categories of variables (effect size +0.44) in spite of a slight decrease in the production of self‐concept. Finally, treatment intensity seems to have a lesser effect than the one expected, but it strengthens its role in the development of self‐analysis. The discussion focuses on the prospects for counseling practice assessment, as well as theoretical directions meriting future development. 相似文献
It is argued that two types of migration have tended to follow each other. One is a ‘colonizing’ migration corresponding to a technical, military and economic advantage of one group over another, associated at first with a demographic surge in the first group; the other is a ‘social-capillarity’ migration occurring when the first, ‘colonizing’ group has completed its demographic transition and the second has barely started. Two hypotheses concerning the outcome of this process are presented. The first — optimistic — hypothesis of economic advance in the second group, implies a return to demographic equilibrium. The second hypothesis is a catastrophic one, the implications of which are hard to predict. Finally, the need for a specific co-operative effort is underlined. 相似文献
We analyze the optimal choices of agents with utility functions whose derivatives alternate in sign, an important class that includes most of the functions commonly used in economics and finance (Mixed Risk Aversion, MRA, Caballé and Pomansky, 1996). We propose a comparative mixed risk aversion definition for this class of utility functions, namely, More Risk Averse MRA, and provide a sufficient condition to compare individuals. We apply the model to optimal prevention and willingness to pay. More risk averse MRA agents spend less to reduce accident probabilities that are above 1/2. They spend more only when accident probabilities are below 1/2. Explanations in terms of risk premiums are provided. The results presented also allow for the presence of background risk. 相似文献
Focusing on the era of the Haitian Revolution, this article analyses recent historiographical developments in both French and English. Though the field has made great strides in recent decades, it occasionally remains hampered by insufficient archival research, a parochial approach by US and French scholars, and linguistic fragmentation. The article also includes a survey of the main archival resources that are available to scholars in Europe, the Caribbean, and the USA. 相似文献
We consider cooperatives games (TU-games) enriched by a system of a priori unions and a communication forest graph which are independent from each other. These two structures reflect the limitations of cooperation possibilities. In this framework, we introduce four Owen-type allocation rules, which are defined by a two-step application of an allocation rule à la Owen (in: Henn R, Moeschlin O (eds) Essays in mathematical economics and game theory, Springer, Berlin, 1977) to TU-games with a priori unions where the TU-game is replaced by Myerson’s (Math Oper Res 2:225–229, 1977) graph-restricted TU-game. The four possibilities arise by applying, at each step, either the Myerson value (Myerson 1977) or the average tree solution (Herings et al. in Games Econ Behav 62:77–92, 2008). Our main result offers comparable axiomatizations of these four allocation rules.
In this paper, we investigate the asymptotic properties of a non-parametric conditional mode estimation given a functional explanatory variable, when functional stationary ergodic data and missing at random responses are observed. First of all, we establish asymptotic properties for a conditional density estimator from which we derive almost sure convergence (with rate) and asymptotic normality of a conditional mode estimator. This new estimate take into account missing data, and a simulation study is performed to illustrate how this fact allows to get higher predictive performances than those obtained with standard estimates. 相似文献