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41.
Pierpaolo De Blasi Stefano Favaro Pietro Muliere 《Journal of statistical planning and inference》2010
A random distribution function on the positive real line which belongs to the class of neutral to the right priors is defined. It corresponds to the superposition of independent beta processes at the cumulative hazard level. The definition is constructive and starts with a discrete time process with random probability masses obtained from suitably defined products of independent beta random variables. The continuous time version is derived as the corresponding infinitesimal weak limit and is described in terms of completely random measures. It takes the interpretation of the survival distribution resulting from independent competing failure times. We discuss prior specification and illustrate posterior inference on a real data example. 相似文献
42.
43.
We study the implications of individual heterogeneity for occupational mobility and the evolution of wealth distribution. These issues are investigated within a model of occupational choice with credit market imperfections and local non convexities in educational investment. Whether and under which conditions private wealth accumulation leads to the elimination of the effects of credit market imperfections is also studied. In the cases where steady states feature wealth and occupational mobility we show that private wealth accumulation cannot eliminate the effects of credit market imperfections if, at any point in time, investment correlates with wealth within households in the skilled occupation. Persistence of wealth constraints in the economy with occupational mobility motivates our exploration of policies. Compared to the case of homogeneous ability, we show that heterogeneity requires more persistent policies to achieve similar results in terms of enhanced investment opportunities and income per capita. It is also shown that the scope for policies is larger under heterogeneity: policies can be effective in environments where they would fail in a world of homogeneous abilities. 相似文献
44.
Public Organization Review - Several attempts of local areas development fail due to a predominant attention to the internal performance of public organizations. The perspective of local area... 相似文献
45.
Pietro Senesi 《Journal of population economics》2003,16(2):389-394
This paper presents a model where aggregate consumption depends on both the level of wealth and the age structure of population.
The explicit consideration of an endogenous rate of time preference permits to analyze the important role of population ageing
as a determinant of aggregate saving.
Received: 23 October 2001/Accepted: 13 February 2002
I would like to thank an anonymous referee for his comments. Financial support from CNR and MURST is gratefully acknowledged.
Responsible editor: Alessandro Cigno. 相似文献
46.
47.
Gian Pietro Zaccomer 《Transition Studies Review》2008,15(1):111-123
In a previous work, a spatial shift-share model was proposed. That model took into account both the activity information of
the territory and the legal status of the enterprises working inside it. The model presented, which had a twofold form, developed
and came together into a unique formulation. The present proposal is able to suitably catch the neighborhood’s effect on the
variation of an economical variable measured on the examined territory. This paper does not intend to repropose the aspects
regarding the theoretical evolution of the first model. Instead, the principal goal is to make a comparison ceteris paribus
between the results obtained with the new model and those reached through the application of the previous one, so to highlight
the role of the association between the two factors included inside the decomposition. Italian industrial districts represent
the economical context for this application since each model proposed is applicable to each district case without modifying
the theoretical structure which is related, to the neighborhood definition. The application proposed here focuses on data
on the chair industrial district located in the border region Friuli Venezia Giulia, with reference to the entire period 2000–2004. 相似文献
48.
Summary Let {X
n
} be a sequence of random variables conditionally independent and identically distributed given the random variable Θ. The
aim of this paper is to show that in many interesting situations the conditional distribution of Θ, given (X
1,…,X
n
), can be approximated by means of the bootstrap procedure proposed by Efron and applied to a statisticT
n
(X
1,…,X
n
) sufficient for predictive purposes. It will also be shown that, from the predictive point of view, this is consistent with
the results obtained following a common Bayesian approach. 相似文献
49.
Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were studied in subjects deprived of sleep over a 48-h test period to assess the effects of different durations of continuous wakefulness on ERP components and to determine whether changes in the ERP components were related to changes in performance. Forty subjects were randomly assigned to either an experimental (sleep deprived) group (n = 30) or a control (not sleep deprived) group (n = 10). For the experimental subjects, ERP and performance measures were obtained in four-h test blocks throughout the 48-h period. Performance was assessed using the Walter Reed performance assessment battery. The control subjects were tested at the same times except during designated sleep periods. Both performance and evoked potential measures showed systematic changes over the experimental test period in association with sleep deprivation, time of day, and repeated testing. The latency of the N2 component of the evoked potential covaried with throughput measures on the performance assessment battery across the 12 four-h test blocks of the experiment. These data suggest that ERPs reflect central processes that change across the sleep deprivation period and that ERP measures might be useful in assessment and prediction of performance degradation under adverse conditions such as sleep loss. 相似文献
50.
We apply the well known Gini index to the measurement of concentration in survival times within groups of patients, and as
a way to compare the distribution of survival times across groups of patients in clinical studies. In particular, we propose
an estimator of a restricted version of the index from right censored data. We derive the asymptotic distribution of the resulting
Gini statistic, and construct an estimator for its asymptotic variance. We use these results to propose a novel test for differences
in the heterogeneity of survival distributions, which may suggest the presence of a differential treatment effect for some
groups of patients. We focus in particular on traditional and generalized cure rate models, i.e., mixture models with a distribution
of the lifetimes of the cured patients that is either degenerate at infinity or has a density. Results from a simulation study
suggest that the Gini index is useful in some situations, and that it should be considered together with existing tests (in
particular, the Log-rank, Wilcoxon, and Gray–Tsiatis tests). Use of the test is illustrated on the classic data arising from
the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group melanoma clinical trial E1690. 相似文献