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961.
Andreas Ziegler 《Statistical Papers》2007,48(4):655-681
This paper compares the application of different versions of the simulated counterparts of the Wald test, the score test,
and the likelihood ratio test in one- and multiperiod multinomial probit models. Monte Carlo experiments show that the use
of the simple form of the simulated likelihood ratio test delivers relatively robust results regarding the testing of several
multinomial probit model specifications. In contrast, the inclusion of the Hessian matrix of the simulated loglikelihood function
into the simulated score test and (in the multiperiod multinomial probit model) particularly the inclusion of the quasi-maximum
likelihood theory into the simulated likelihood ratio test leads to substantial computational problems. The combined application
of the quasi-maximum likelihood theory with the simulated Wald test or the simulated score test is not systematically superior
to the application of the other versions of these two simulated classical tests either. Neither an increase in the number
of observations nor in the number of random draws in the incorporated Geweke-Hajivassiliou-Keane simulator systematically
lead to more precise conformities between the frequencies of type I errors and the basic significance levels. An increase
in the number of observations only decreases the frequencies of type II errors, particularly regarding the simulated classical
testing of multiperiod multinomial probit model specifications. 相似文献
962.
This article aims to study the substitution of parental time between the mother and the father. Taking the “experience” of
unemployment as a release from the time constraint, we analyse time transfers between partners in such a situation. A bivariate
Tobit model is applied on the French time-use data. It shows that parents quite rarely substitute the time devoted to children
between each other, except for child transportation and childcare. Parents do not want to relinquish their parental activities,
a fact which reflects their desire to contribute to the children’s education, and the contribution of parental time to the
balance of power between spouses. Exchanges remain asymmetric: non-employed fathers release less their partner from parental
tasks than unemployed mothers do, which reflects the weight of gender social norms. 相似文献
963.
Incorporation of the behavioral issues of the decision maker (DM) is among the aspects that each Multicriteria Decision Making
(MCDM) method implicitly or explicitly takes into account. As postulated by regret theory, the feelings of regret and rejoice
are among the behavioral issues associated with the entire decision making process. Within the context of MCDM, the DM may
feel regret, when the chosen alternative is compared with another one having at least one better criterion value. PROMETHEE
II is a widely known MCDM method that makes no explicit incorporation of regret attitude of the DM. In this paper, we elaborate
on the applicability of regret theory to MCDM context. In particular, we investigate the findings of regret theory and explore
the parallel between regret theory and PROMETHEE II method. Relying on the concepts of regret theory, we demonstrate how a
decision that is made using a PROMETHEE II based outranking method conforms to the regret attitude of the DM. 相似文献
964.
Lonnie Golden 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2008,29(1):86-109
This research tests predictions regarding potential disparities among the employed by personal characteristics in the ability
to vary the starting and ending times of their workday and engage in work from home. Women and African-Americans possess less
access to flexible work schedules, even when controlling for most job characteristics. Married men have more access, but only
if they are parents, and mothers only if they have pre-school-age children. Workers with part-time or long hours gain far
greater access. Work-at-home is more common among women, the married and parents-thus, relatively more reflective of family
demands. The results suggest where public and organizational policies could be focused to spread flexible work arrangements
more toward those who both most value it and lack it. 相似文献
965.
Noteworthy connections among conglomerability, countable additivity and coherence are discussed in detail, reaching the conclusion
that nonconglomerable conditional probabilities must not be doomed and play a significant role in statistical inference.
Extended and updated version of a contributed paper presented at the International Conference on “Information Processing and
Management of Uncertainty in knowledge-based systems”, IPMU 2004, Perugia, Italy. 相似文献
966.
The article presents the results of a survey on statistical consulting at German universities, where
the survey focused on obtaining information on when, where and to whom statistical consulting is provided.
We investigate the financial frame of the activity and question the advantages and disadvantages from a consultant’s
point of view. 相似文献
967.
This paper develops a new characterization of NBUC aging property, and investigates its preservation properties both under
monotonic anti-star-shaped transformations and under the non-homogeneous Poisson shock models. 相似文献
968.
This exploratory study examines cognitive risk factors, anxiety sensitivity, and positive and negative affect, as related
to the development of anxiety and depression. In a mailed survey, adolescents completed the Child Anxiety Sensitivity Index
and the Positive and Negative Affectivity Scale. Previous research utilized the broad and unified variable of anxiety sensitivity
as a predictor of anxiety. In this study, we separate and examine the four specific factors of anxiety sensitivity: mental
incapacitation concerns, social concerns, disease concerns, and unsteady concerns, and relate it to specific anxiety disorders
and depression. Results indicate good convergent validity and improved divergent validity when utilizing the four factors
of anxiety sensitivity as compared to using it as one construct. Results also suggest: (1) OCD and GAD share numerous similarities
and (2) the importance of the role of negative affectivity in anxiety and depression. Being aware of the components of anxiety
sensitivity and how they relate to specific anxiety disorders can help a social worker when rendering a diagnosis.
Part of the data presented in this article was from David A. Dia’s doctoral dissertation. 相似文献
969.
Fengshui theory in urban landscape planning 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The spatial configuration of urban landscapes results from cumulative interactions between human activities and the physical
environment. Traditional philosophies and cultural legacies have had important influences on urban development and planning
in East Asia. In Seoul, traditional land use practices based on ‘Fengshui’ have significantly contributed to human-mediated
patterns of landscape changes, in addition to the role of the socio-economic background (development) and other human activities.
The concept of Fengshui was originally founded upon people’s empirical cognition of natural landscape patterns. Recently,
however, advanced economic development, westernization and urbanization have been rapidly altering the old traditions of the
holistic landscape systems through changing urban planning practices. Since the type, scale, frequency, distribution and spreading
pattern of environmental and human disturbances have been changed, a new paradigm for urban landscape planning is necessary
to maintain the ecological and cultural integrity of landscapes in Korea. In this paper, we discuss recent concepts and methods
of landscape ecology and urban planning from the viewpoint of Fengshui, the traditional land use patterns in Seoul, whose
application has so far been restricted only to traditional land evaluation. We conclude that, to maintain the sustainability
of the urban landscape, it is necessary to develop a new urban planning framework for the region that is based on the integration
between landscape ecology principles with the traditional concepts of Fengshui. 相似文献
970.
Ingmar Rapp 《KZfSS K?lner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie》2008,60(3):500-527
With regard to marriages, numerous studies have reported a time-dependent course of the dissolution rate, which is characterized by an initial rise and a subsequent decline after a couple of years. The article at hand discusses potential explanations for the correlation of marital duration and the risk of dissolution and examines them on the basis of the Family Survey 2000. The results indicate, among other things, that the concentration of childbirths in an early stage of marriage leads to a slow-down of the initial rise of the dissolution rate whereas it weakens its later decline as the stabilizing effect of shared children on marriage decreases when the children become older. There are significant differences with respect to the dependency of the dissolution risk on marital duration between the successive marriage cohorts, depending on the wife’s occupation, age at marriage as well as between couples who did vs. those who did not cohabitate before marriage. The results suggest that relationship-specific processes as well as changes of the marital preconditions resulting from the partners’ respective ages contribute to the explanation of the course of the dissolution rate. 相似文献