Zur Rolle einer optimierten Verteilung von Sicherheiten im internen Risikomanagement

The experiences from the recent financial crises show that the estimation and control of credit risks in banks are of significant managerial and economic importance. In this setting, the internal risk management as well as corresponding legal policies put an emphasis primarily on the prognosis of future credit defaults, whereas the role and impact of collaterals only play a minor role. Against this background the paper at hand analyzes the optimized distribution of collaterals within the internal risk management of banks at first. Furthermore, we develop a new flexible allocation algorithm that exceeds the existing approaches concerning the optimization without giving up the rule of a conservative appraisal of credit risk.     

The quality of mother‐adolescent disclosure: Links with predictors and adolescents’ sociomoral outcomes

Previous work on adolescents’ disclosure has focused on the frequency of disclosure to parents, but not the quality of that disclosure. Therefore, there is a need to examine factors that predict the quality of adolescents’ disclosure, as well as the consequences of the quality for adolescents’ outcomes. In this study, 100 adolescents (M age = 14.27 years; 57 girls; 70.7% White, European American) disclosed to mothers a recent past event in which they felt excluded; the videotaped and transcribed conversations were rated for indices of the quality of disclosure (i.e., the quality of elaboration and emotion discussed). Adolescents completed measures of sociomoral behavior and parental warmth and mothers completed measures of their moral identity, circle of moral regard, and moral socialization. The quality of adolescents’ disclosure was related to adolescents’ sociomoral outcomes (including prosocial behaviors, empathy, and sociability). Adolescents’ disclosure quality was predicted by gender and by aspects of mothers’ moral sophistication. Findings highlight the importance of high‐quality self‐disclosure by adolescents for promoting adolescents’ moral development, potentially because such disclosure gives parents the opportunity to help adolescents cope with challenging peer experiences potentially through emotion coaching and problem‐solving. Moreover, the findings are novel because they highlight how maternal moral processes might promote adolescents’ disclosure.     

Health Outcomes in Individuals with Problem and Pathological Gambling: An Analysis of the 2014 North Carolina Behavioral Risk Factor Survey System (BRFSS)

Problem and pathological gambling refers to subclinical and clinical levels of maladaptive gambling, respectively, and is associated with specific sociodemographic characteristics as well as a number of poor health outcomes. We examined such demographic, physical health, mental health, and health-related behaviors in a sample of 7045 low-risk gamblers and 244 problem/pathological gamblers. Participants completed the 2014 North Carolina Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System telephone survey. Using the National Opinion Research Center’s Diagnostic Screen for Gambling Disorders-CLiP, participants were categorized as either “problem/pathological gamblers” or “low-risk gamblers.” Problem/pathological gamblers were younger, more likely to be male, of ethnic minority status, unmarried, and of lower education than low-risk gamblers. No physical health variables differentiated the groups but problem/pathological gamblers reported experiencing significantly more adverse childhood experiences and engaging in significantly more tobacco and alcohol use compared to low-risk gamblers. Moreover, gender moderated relationships between gambling group and several of the alcohol use variables such that male problem/pathological gamblers exhibited greater alcohol use behavior than male low-risk gamblers but no such relationship was present in females. Overall, this study expands the current knowledgebase on disordered gambling and highlights the need to assess disordered gambling in public health samples. Clinical implications are discussed.     

Wirkprozesse kollegialer Beratung

German Kinderg?rten (Kitas) as equivalent to English nursery schools are submitted to a continuously changing social and legal environment. Structural changes in society as well as changes in the legislation on the level of the Federal State and the Bundesl?nder are imposing multifaceted challenges on the daily management of these institutions. This paper examines the contribution of ?peer counseling?? as an intervention-orientated tool in its support of the management of the Kitas. This examination operationalized the added value of ?peer counseling?? in its different field uses. The data from narrative interviews reveal positive procedural relationships between the managements own leadership competence.     

Bayesian process monitoring schemes for the two-parameter exponential distribution

In this paper a Bayesian procedure is applied to obtain control limits for the location and scale parameters, as well as for a one-sided upper tolerance limit in the case of the two-parameter exponential distribution. An advantage of the upper tolerance limit is that it monitors the location and scale parameter at the same time. By using Jeffreys’ non-informative prior, the predictive distributions of future maximum likelihood estimators of the location and scale parameters are derived analytically. The predictive distributions are used to determine the distribution of the “run-length” and expected “run-length”. A dataset given in Krishnamoorthy and Mathew (2009 Krishnamoorthy, K., and T. Mathew. 2009. Statistical Tolerance Regions: Theory, Applications and Computation. Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) are used for illustrative purposes. The data are the mileages for some military personnel carriers that failed in service. The paper illustrates the flexibility and unique features of the Bayesian simulation method.     

Wertorientierte Simulation zur Unterst��tzung der logistischen Prozessgestaltung bei der Stahlherstellung

In this contribution we propose a novel approach for the simulation-based design of steel manufacturing systems. We name it Value-oriented Simulation. It combines Riebel??s Generic Direct Costing with Discrete-Event Simulation. The two models are coupled by the quantity structure, which incorporates consumption functions for a technically founded calculation of energy consumption behavior. The approach is compared with a classical Discrete-Event Simulation and a Cost Simulation in a real-world setting of a German steel manufacturer. The results show that the approaches lead to different and conflicting evaluations of the logistics processes. Value-oriented Simulation provides a more accurate and technically founded decision-support. Furthermore, it reveals the benefits that a value-oriented control of logistics processes can generate in a real-world setting. All in all, Value-oriented Simulation constitutes an important methodical development for the design of steel manufacturing systems.     

Challenges of Forest Governance: the Case of Forest Rehabilitation in Vietnam

Public Organization Review - Building upon the perspectives of the policy arrangement approach, this article explores the extent to which forest governance has changed under the two national...