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61.
62.
Shannon Altenhofen Zeynep Biringen Randy Mergler 《Journal of divorce & remarriage》2013,54(1-2):25-40
ABSTRACT This study concentrates on the postdivorce adjustment of parents and children in families with shared parenting time arrangements. Thirty divorcing parents with children aged 12 to 59 months old were interviewed using a semistructured telephone interview regarding their early experiences in the divorce process. Findings showed that work–family balance issues were related to postdivorce parental adjustment for mothers. Interparental hostility was related to child alienation and paternal overnight stays. Length of time since physical separation was related to number of overnight stays. These results shed light on the early experiences of families with young children going through the divorce process. 相似文献
63.
Leslie L. Roos Brett Hiebert Phongsack Manivong Jason Edgerton Randy Walld Leonard MacWilliam Janelle de Rocquigny 《Social indicators research》2013,110(1):385-414
This paper explores the relative importance of social factors and health measures in predicting educational achievement in early and late adolescence using population-based administrative data. The sample was made up of 41,943 children born in Manitoba, Canada between 1982 and 1989 and remaining in the province until age 18. Multilevel modeling nests each individual (level 1) within a family (level 2) residing within a neighborhood (level 3). Most important in predicting adolescent achievement were a broad socioeconomic status index (and a narrower measure of household income), being on social assistance, mother’s age at first birth, gender, residential mobility, the presence of ADHD/Conduct disorders, and measures of family functioning (child taken into care or offered protection services and family structure history). Family size, birth order, and newborn characteristics (birthweight, APGAR, gestational age) were statistically significant but of little importance in explaining the outcomes. Both examining regression coefficients and systematically omitting variables showed social factors (often emphasized by epidemiologists) to have markedly greater effects than the combination of health measures (often stressed by economists) in predicting achievement. However, mental health in childhood is identified as among the important predictors. Record linkage across population datasets from health, education, and family services ministries allowed: tracking health and educational attainment at different times in a child’s life, following a large number of cases across childhood, considerable sensitivity testing, controlling for unmeasured family and neighborhood effects, generating an extensive list of predictors, estimating effect sizes, and comparing Manitoba results with those of well-known American studies. 相似文献
64.
Peggy S. Berger Alicia Skinner Cook Robert L. DelCampo Ruth S. Herrera Randy R. Weigel 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》1994,15(3):223-242
This exploratory research examines whether gender and ethnic differences exist in family- and work-related variables that
best predict perceived stress. The Anglo male (N=115) and female (N=199) and Mexican-American male (N=35) and female (N=85)
respondents each had the roles of employee, spouse, and parent. Data were collected by mail questionnaire from state-classified
employees at the three land-grant universities in Colorado, New Mexico, and Wyoming as part of Cooperative Regional Research
Project W-167. Regression analysis indicates that role overload is a significant predictor of stress for Anglo males and females
and Mexican-American females, thus providing some support for the role strain theory, which suggests that increasing the number
of roles drains personal resources and may increase stress. Satisfaction with family roles enters regression equations as
significant predictors for two sample groups. Other variables enter only one of the four regression equations; thus ethnicity
and gender differences are found in the variables predicting perceived stress and should be considered in future research
in this area.
The research was funded by the Colorado, New Mexico, and Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Stations as part of Cooperative Regional
Research Project, W-167, “Work, Stress, and Families.”
Her research interests include issues related to balancing work and family and to family resource management. She received
her Ph.D. from Pennsylvania State University.
Her research interests include grief and loss issues and family support systems. She received her Ph.D. from Arizona State
University.
His research interest is minority families, and his Ph.D. is from Florida State University.
Her research interest is Latino family functioning. Her Ph.D. is from New Mexico State University.
His research interest is human resource development emphasizing ranching families. He received his Ph.D. from Iowa State University. 相似文献
65.
66.
Sonia Hélène Merkel Angela M. Person Randy A. Peppler Sarah M. Melcher 《Social science quarterly》2020,101(5):2085-2100
Objectives. This study explores the efficacy of visual appeals that may be used to communicate environmental risk.Methods. To better understand the social and cognitive barriers present in environmental risk communication associated with climate change, we conducted a series of six focus groups. Groups were asked to view images of environmental issues and select the best representation of their feelings out of a range of preselected emotions. While further research is required, preliminary investigation based on the focus groups suggests several themes. Results. First, an individual's familiarity with both an area and an event will decrease the individual's perception of urgency; conversely, the participants expressed greater concern for events that were local and new—in other words, familiarity diminishes urgency, while emergent problems create alacrity. Second, participants expressed a sentiment of tacit blame, in which the participant's own contribution to the issue received less emphasis when ascribing fault. Last, the participants reacted positively toward messages that emphasized a hopeful and solution-based narrative and were seemingly less motivated by images that relied on fear-based messaging. Conclusions. Preliminary findings suggest that hopeful, solution-based messaging may be more effective in facilitating pro-environmental behavior than either fear- or guilt-based appeals. 相似文献
67.
Steven Spiriti Randall Eubank Philip W. Smith Dennis Young 《Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation》2013,83(6):1020-1036
Two new stochastic search methods are proposed for optimizing the knot locations and/or smoothing parameters for least-squares or penalized splines. One of the methods is a golden-section-augmented blind search, while the other is a continuous genetic algorithm. Monte Carlo experiments indicate that the algorithms are very successful at producing knot locations and/or smoothing parameters that are near optimal in a squared error sense. Both algorithms are amenable to parallelization and have been implemented in OpenMP and MPI. An adjusted GCV criterion is also considered for selecting both the number and location of knots. The method performed well relative to MARS in a small empirical comparison. 相似文献
68.
A family of minimum quantile distance estimators, based on a subset of the sample quantiles, is proposed for the parameters of the three-parameter Weibull distribution. The estimation procedure is applicable to either complete or censored samples and, through use of the associated distance measure, provides a goodness-of-fit test for the Weibull model. The proposed estimators are both consistent and asymptotically normal and, in a particular instance, are optimal over the class of all estimators based on the same quantile subset. The problem of optimal quantile selection is also considered. 相似文献
69.
The current study was undertaken to explore the relationships among childhood abuse subtypes (sexual, physical, and emotional abuse; witnessing violence), three diagnostic screenings for borderline personality disorder (BPD), and self-harm behavior. Psychiatric inpatients (N = 77) were evaluated for childhood abuse histories through a survey. Participants also underwent assessment for BPD using a self-report measure, clinical diagnosis, and a DSM-IV checklist. Finally, each was assessed for self-harm behavior using the 22-item Self-Harm Inventory (SHI). Compared with non-abused participants, those with abuse histories (with the exception of witnessing violence) had a significantly greater number of BPD confirmations (i.e., self-report, clinical diagnosis, DSM-IV checklist) as well as self-harm behaviors. When examining the total number of endorsed abuse subtypes, there was a significant correlation with the number of self-harm behaviors, but not the number of BPD diagnoses. Among psychiatric inpatients, childhood abuse demonstrates a complex relationship to BPD diagnoses and self-harm behavior. 相似文献
70.
Stinchfield R 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2000,16(2-3):153-173
This study examines the prevalence of gambling and measures the relationships between gambling behavior and a number of demographic, psychosocial, and behavioral variables among Minnesota public school students. The sample includes 78,582 male and female Minnesota public school students enrolled in the 9th and 12th grades. Students were administered the 1998 Minnesota Student Survey, a 121-item, anonymous, self-administered, paper-and-pencil questionnaire that inquires about multiple health-related content domains, including gambling behavior. The majority of students were found to have gambled at least once during the past year, however, most students did not report gambling frequently, nor did they report problems associated with their gambling. Boys reported gambling more often than girls, and older students gambled more often than younger students. A larger percentage of Mexican/Latin American, African American, American Indian, and mixed race students gambled at weekly and daily rates than Asian American and Caucasian students. Variables associated with gambling frequency included antisocial behavior, gender (being a male), alcohol and tobacco use, age, feeling bad about the amount of money they bet, a desire to stop gambling, and increased sexual activity. Gambling appears to be related to other risk-taking behaviors and may be a part of the adolescent experimentation with adult behaviors. 相似文献