全文获取类型
收费全文 | 25602篇 |
免费 | 414篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 3742篇 |
民族学 | 166篇 |
人才学 | 2篇 |
人口学 | 3888篇 |
丛书文集 | 98篇 |
教育普及 | 2篇 |
理论方法论 | 1952篇 |
现状及发展 | 1篇 |
综合类 | 466篇 |
社会学 | 11749篇 |
统计学 | 3950篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 95篇 |
2021年 | 86篇 |
2020年 | 223篇 |
2019年 | 304篇 |
2018年 | 1955篇 |
2017年 | 2098篇 |
2016年 | 1413篇 |
2015年 | 292篇 |
2014年 | 353篇 |
2013年 | 2714篇 |
2012年 | 823篇 |
2011年 | 1578篇 |
2010年 | 1365篇 |
2009年 | 1141篇 |
2008年 | 1215篇 |
2007年 | 1358篇 |
2006年 | 391篇 |
2005年 | 612篇 |
2004年 | 612篇 |
2003年 | 531篇 |
2002年 | 445篇 |
2001年 | 367篇 |
2000年 | 385篇 |
1999年 | 351篇 |
1998年 | 246篇 |
1997年 | 236篇 |
1996年 | 282篇 |
1995年 | 225篇 |
1994年 | 193篇 |
1993年 | 206篇 |
1992年 | 223篇 |
1991年 | 196篇 |
1990年 | 207篇 |
1989年 | 238篇 |
1988年 | 203篇 |
1987年 | 175篇 |
1986年 | 202篇 |
1985年 | 221篇 |
1984年 | 220篇 |
1983年 | 196篇 |
1982年 | 153篇 |
1981年 | 147篇 |
1980年 | 137篇 |
1979年 | 179篇 |
1978年 | 129篇 |
1977年 | 115篇 |
1976年 | 125篇 |
1975年 | 118篇 |
1974年 | 103篇 |
1973年 | 90篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
631.
This article takes a first look at the distribution of returns to education for people with disabilities, a particularly disadvantaged group whose labor market performances have not been well studied or documented. Using a nonparametric approach, we uncover significant heterogeneity in the returns to education for these workers, which is drastically masked by conventional parametric methods. Based on these estimates, we construct the Sharpe ratio of human capital investment (taking into account its substantial risk), and our results corroborate the claimed importance of human capital in improving these workers’ wages. Our stochastic dominance tests show that the returns to education for workers with disabilities, as a group, may have been affected more adversely in the most recent recession, relative to their non-disabled counterparts. 相似文献
632.
Svetlana E. Martynova Yuri Glebovich Dmitriev Marina M. Gajfullina Yulia A. Totskaya 《Social indicators research》2017,133(3):1151-1164
The study offers a development of the social technologies of “service” municipal administration. The consumers’ opinions should be taken into consideration when determining the nomenclature and standards of their provision, which include the quality parameters that the consumers consider important. In addition, “service” relations imply the assessment of consumer satisfaction with the services and the correction of services based on the results of the assessment. Since this interaction implies communication between the municipal administration body and service users, it is necessary to focus on communicative technologies that are capable of providing a full cycle of service development and improvement for young entrepreneurs. Communications should help determine the expectations associated with a service, raise awareness thereof, and involve young people in the decisions related to the provision of services. 相似文献
633.
High-dimensional sparse modeling with censored survival data is of great practical importance, as exemplified by applications in high-throughput genomic data analysis. In this paper, we propose a class of regularization methods, integrating both the penalized empirical likelihood and pseudoscore approaches, for variable selection and estimation in sparse and high-dimensional additive hazards regression models. When the number of covariates grows with the sample size, we establish asymptotic properties of the resulting estimator and the oracle property of the proposed method. It is shown that the proposed estimator is more efficient than that obtained from the non-concave penalized likelihood approach in the literature. Based on a penalized empirical likelihood ratio statistic, we further develop a nonparametric likelihood approach for testing the linear hypothesis of regression coefficients and constructing confidence regions consequently. Simulation studies are carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed methodology and also two real data sets are analyzed. 相似文献
634.
Sanna Malinen Lotta Harju 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2017,28(1):69-89
Retaining engaged volunteers is crucial to many non-profit organizations. However, research on volunteer engagement is limited, and the distinction between job and organizational engagement in volunteers remains to be investigated. In this paper, we examine both organizational- and job-level engagement, and specifically, whether perceived organizational support would enhance volunteer engagement and associated attitudes. We surveyed 221 volunteers, and asked them about their perceptions of organizational support; their engagement with their volunteer job and the organization they volunteer for; satisfaction; commitment; and turnover intentions. Both organizational and job engagements had significant relationships with the attitudinal variables. However, we found that organizational rather than job engagement mediated the relationship between organizational support and volunteer satisfaction and commitment. While organizational engagement correlated with turnover intentions, neither job nor organizational engagement mediated the relationship between support and the intent to leave. Our findings advance the research on volunteer engagement, and highlight the importance of organizational engagement for this important, but too often overlooked, workforce. 相似文献
635.
Robert H. Zieger 《Social history》2013,38(3):339-342
P. J. Cain and A. G. Hopkins, British Imperialism: Innovation and Expansion, 1688–1914 (1993), xiv + 490; British Imperialism: Crisis and Deconstruction, 1914–1990 (1993), xiii + 326 (Longman, London, £17.99 and £3.99). W. D. Rubinstein, Capitalism, Culture, and Decline in Britain, 1750–1990 (1993), viii + 182 (Routledge, London, £25.00). Stanley Chapman, Merchant Enterprise in Britain: From the Industrial Revolution to World War I (1992), xvi + 336 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, £40.00). 相似文献
636.
Jessica De Maeyer Wouter Vanderplasschen Eric Broekaert 《Social indicators research》2009,90(1):107-126
In drug treatment outcome literature, a focus on objective and socially desirable indicators of change (e.g. no drug use)
has predominated, while outcome indicators that are important for drug users themselves (e.g. quality of life, satisfaction
with treatment) have largely been neglected. Nonetheless, Quality of Life (QoL) has become an important concept to evaluate
effectiveness of treatment in mental health care research and disability studies. Given the almost exclusive focus on Health-related
Quality of Life (HRQOL) in substance abuse research and the neglect of clients’ perspectives in this field, we explore in
this study the concept of QoL as perceived by drug users. Focus group discussions (n = 9) were organised in various treatment settings and community services for drug users in the region of Ghent, Belgium to
identify important dimensions of QoL and their interpretation by drug users. Data were clustered and analysed based on the
theoretical framework of Robert Schalock (Quality of life. Volume 1: Conceptualization and measurement, 1996). The domains
‘personal relationships’, ‘social inclusion’ and ‘self-determination’ were discussed most frequently by the participants.
They stressed the importance of a supportive social network in particular. It can be concluded that QoL is not primarily associated
by drug users with health and it involves much more than the aspects typically represented in measures of HRQOL. 相似文献
637.
Upper and lower bounds are obtained for the mean of the negative binomial distribution. These bounds are simple functions of a percentile determined by the shape parameter. The result is then used to obtain a robust estimate of the mean when the shape parameter is known. 相似文献
638.
The performance of the usual Shewhart control charts for monitoring process means and variation can be greatly affected by nonnormal data or subgroups that are correlated. Define the αk-risk for a Shewhart chart to be the probability that at least one “out-of-control” subgroup occurs in k subgroups when the control limits are calculated from the k subgroups. Simulation results show that the αk-risks can be quite large even for a process with normally distributed, independent subgroups. When the data are nonnormal, it is shown that the αk-risk increases dramatically. A method is also developed for simulating an “in-control” process with correlated subgroups from an autoregressive model. Simulations with this model indicate marked changes in the αk-risks for the Shewhart charts utilizing this type of correlated process data. Therefore, in practice a process should be investigated thoroughly regarding whether or not it is generating normal, independent data before out-of-control points on the control charts are interpreted to be due to some real assignable cause. 相似文献
639.
This article integrates two competing perspectives on value orientation. Inglehart's postmaterialism thesis stresses the permanent effects of childhood experience in which economic deprivation leads to materialism in adult life. The human development perspective, in contrast, emphasizes the evolution of a person's value system as life-cycle development unfolds new circumstances and possibilities. We adopt a developmental framework to test claims from these two perspectives. On the basis of micro-level data, we compare the materialistic values of two historically and culturally different Chinese societies, Hong Kong and Guangzhou. Findings support Inglehart's assertions that childhood experience has lasting effects and that rapid social changes create birth cohort differences in materialistic concerns. But life-cycle developments, such as education, marriage, and current social status, are equally important in influencing a person's value orientation. Both perspectives see only part of the picture, and an integrated approach is needed to better understand how people construct and maintain their value system. 相似文献
640.