全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4550篇 |
免费 | 129篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 679篇 |
民族学 | 26篇 |
人才学 | 1篇 |
人口学 | 463篇 |
丛书文集 | 39篇 |
教育普及 | 1篇 |
理论方法论 | 539篇 |
综合类 | 51篇 |
社会学 | 2329篇 |
统计学 | 551篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 28篇 |
2020年 | 62篇 |
2019年 | 78篇 |
2018年 | 80篇 |
2017年 | 130篇 |
2016年 | 100篇 |
2015年 | 74篇 |
2014年 | 82篇 |
2013年 | 778篇 |
2012年 | 141篇 |
2011年 | 169篇 |
2010年 | 110篇 |
2009年 | 134篇 |
2008年 | 146篇 |
2007年 | 144篇 |
2006年 | 159篇 |
2005年 | 143篇 |
2004年 | 131篇 |
2003年 | 123篇 |
2002年 | 130篇 |
2001年 | 90篇 |
2000年 | 96篇 |
1999年 | 86篇 |
1998年 | 67篇 |
1997年 | 72篇 |
1996年 | 90篇 |
1995年 | 68篇 |
1994年 | 64篇 |
1993年 | 59篇 |
1992年 | 61篇 |
1991年 | 58篇 |
1990年 | 54篇 |
1989年 | 63篇 |
1988年 | 46篇 |
1987年 | 42篇 |
1986年 | 59篇 |
1985年 | 58篇 |
1984年 | 57篇 |
1983年 | 45篇 |
1982年 | 36篇 |
1981年 | 43篇 |
1980年 | 39篇 |
1979年 | 48篇 |
1978年 | 43篇 |
1977年 | 34篇 |
1976年 | 40篇 |
1975年 | 40篇 |
1974年 | 28篇 |
1972年 | 17篇 |
1971年 | 26篇 |
排序方式: 共有4679条查询结果,搜索用时 382 毫秒
301.
This article reports on a web-based vignette experiment investigating how likely subjects would be to participate in surveys varying in topic sensitivity and risk of disclosure. A total of 3,672 participants each responded to a series of eight vignettes, along with a variety of background questions, concerns about confidentiality, trust in various institutions, and the like.Vignettes were randomly assigned to respondents, such that each respondent was exposed to four levels of disclosure risk for each level of topic sensitivity (high versus low). Half the sample was assigned to receive a confidentiality statement for all eight vignettes, while the other half received no mention of confidentiality in the vignettes. The order of presentation of vignettes was randomized for each respondent.Respondents were also asked for their subjective perceptions of risk, harm, and social as well as personal benefits for one of the eight vignettes. Adding these questions permits us to examine how objective risk information presented by the researcher relates to the subjective perception of risk by the participant, and to assess the importance of both for their willingness to participate in the surveys described.Under conditions resembling those of real surveys, objective risk information does not affect willingness to participate. On the other hand, topic sensitivity does have such effects, as do general attitudes toward privacy and survey organizations as well as subjective perceptions of risk, harm, and benefits. We discuss the limitations and implications of these findings. 相似文献
302.
Robert W. Lent Laura Nota Salvatore Soresi Lea Ferrari 《The Career development quarterly》2007,56(2):183-191
Industrial/organizational researchers have reported that realistic job previews diminish prospective workers' expectations but promote the satisfaction and persistence of those who ultimately accept a job assignment. The authors applied this strategy to the context of school‐to‐college transition; 354 Italian high school students were provided with a 2‐hour lecture designed to simulate exposure to a college major of their choice. Students showed moderate pre‐post increases in subject matter knowledge but reported small decreases in interests and outcome expectations (but not self‐efficacy) related to the academic major to which they were exposed. 相似文献
303.
In a longitudinal investigation of the antecedents and pathways of teen parenthood, 475 participants (248 females and 227 males) were followed from Grade 7 through early adulthood. In the first year of the investigation, homogeneous subgroups were identified by clustering participants on five characteristics (i.e., aggression, popularity, academic competence, age, and socioeconomic status). At the same time, peer social networks were identified by the Social Cognitive Map procedure. For each participant, the configuration of peer characteristics was also identified. A high correspondence was found between the individual characteristics and the characteristics of closely affiliated peers. Both teen fatherhood and teen motherhood were predicted by individual configurations and peer configurations (e.g., a combination of high aggression, low academic competence, low popularity, and low family SES). Peer characteristics, race, and family socioeconomic status assumed unique roles in predicting teen motherhood. Growth curve analyses showed that teen-mothers differed from non-mothers in their starting points and developmental trajectories. This study demonstrated that a simultaneous examination of both the individual and his/her peer context yielded important information on teen parenthood. 相似文献
304.
Guided by a sociology‐of‐gender framework, we provide an overview and critique of recent academic debates on substance‐use, particularly alcohol‐use. We note that substance use research has been useful for illuminating areas central to sociological inquiry. In limited scope, we focus on the relationships between alcohol‐use, gender, marginalization, violence, and sexualities. Alcohol‐use, we argue, is highly meaningful yet a paradox in that alcohol‐use both upholds and violates gender and sexuality norms. The active construction of gender is particularly visible when focusing on alcohol, gender and violence. We also claim that alcohol plays a role in the maintenance of a gendered society. We conclude by offering suggestions for future sociologically informed research and treatment approaches. 相似文献
305.
Sandeep Mishra Martin L. Lalumière Michael Morgan Robert J. Williams 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2011,27(3):409-426
Problem gambling is significantly more prevalent in forensic populations than in the general population. Although some previous
work suggests that gambling and antisocial behavior are related, the extent and nature of this relationship is unclear. Both
gambling and antisocial behavior are forms of risk-taking, and may therefore share common determinants. We investigated whether
individual differences in personality traits associated with risk-taking, the Big Five personality traits, and antisocial
tendencies predicted gambling and antisocial behavior among 180 male students recruited for a study of gambling (35.0% non-problem
gamblers, 36.7% low-risk gamblers, 21.7% problem gamblers, and 6.7% pathological gamblers). All forms of gambling and antisocial
behavior were significantly correlated. Personality traits associated with risk-acceptance explained a significant portion
of the variance in problem gambling, general gambling involvement, and all forms of antisocial behavior. Antisocial tendencies
(aggression and psychopathic tendencies) explained a significant portion of additional variance in severe antisocial behavior
but not moderate or minor antisocial behavior. When controlling for personality traits associated with risk-acceptance, the
relationship between gambling and antisocial behavior was greatly diminished. The results are consistent with the hypothesis
that gambling and antisocial behavior are associated because they are, in part, different manifestations of similar personality
traits. 相似文献
306.
Robert M. Howard 《Social science quarterly》2001,82(2):268-280
Objectives . Although scholars have recognized that the wealth and power of litigants has substantial influence on litigation outcomes, there has been less recognition of the ability of the wealthy to sway agency policy through litigation. I argue that the wealthy, through lawsuits and the outcomes from the litigation, influence Internal Revenue Service (IRS) audits of the wealthy and the less affluent. Methods . I examine IRS state audit rates and use ordinary least squares regression with panel corrected standard errors. Results . I show that wealthy litigants can influence the IRS to decrease audits of the wealthy and increase audits of the less affluent. Conclusions . The wealthy appear to have the ability to influence IRS policy through lawsuits. Litigation can influence agency policy. 相似文献
307.
For clustering mixed categorical and continuous data, Lawrence and Krzanowski (1996) proposed a finite mixture model in which component densities conform to the location model. In the graphical models literature the location model is known as the homogeneous Conditional Gaussian model. In this paper it is shown that their model is not identifiable without imposing additional restrictions. Specifically, for g groups and m locations, (g!)m–1 distinct sets of parameter values (not including permutations of the group mixing parameters) produce the same likelihood function. Excessive shrinkage of parameter estimates in a simulation experiment reported by Lawrence and Krzanowski (1996) is shown to be an artifact of the model's non-identifiability. Identifiable finite mixture models can be obtained by imposing restrictions on the conditional means of the continuous variables. These new identified models are assessed in simulation experiments. The conditional mean structure of the continuous variables in the restricted location mixture models is similar to that in the underlying variable mixture models proposed by Everitt (1988), but the restricted location mixture models are more computationally tractable. 相似文献
308.
This study examines the interplay between job stability, wage rates, and marital stability. We use a Dynamic Selection Control
model in which young men make sequential choices about work and family and estimate the model using an approach that takes
account of self-selection, simultaneity and unobserved heterogeneity. The results quantify how job stability affects wage
rates, how both affect marital status, and how marital status affects earnings and job stability. The study reveals robust
evidence that job changes lower wages and the likelihood of getting married and remaining married. At the same time, marriage
raises wage rates and job stability. To project the sequential effects linking job change, marital status, and earnings, we
simulate the impacts of shocks that raise preferences for marriage and that increase education. Feedback effects cause the
simulated wage gains from marriage to cumulate over time, indicating that long-run marriage wage premiums exceed conventional
short-run estimates. 相似文献
309.
310.
This article describes the development and validation of the Governance Self‐Assessment Checklist (GSAC). The GSAC was designed to assist boards of directors of nonprofit and public sector organizations to identify strengths and weaknesses in the governance of their organizations, educate board members about the essentials of good governance, and improve their governance practices. The instrument comprises 144 items organized into twelve subscales. The results of the study indicated that the subscales have excellent internal consistency reliability, exhibit good criterion‐related validity, and are able to discriminate between stronger and weaker aspects of board functioning. The relative strengths and weaknesses in board effectiveness were identified, and the implications of the findings for the assessment of board effectiveness and field applications of the GSAC were discussed. 相似文献