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In this paper we investigate how age affects the self-reported level of life satisfaction among the elderly in Europe. By
using a vignette approach, we find evidence that age influences life satisfaction through two counterbalancing channels. On
the one hand, controlling for the effects of all other variables, the own perceived level of life satisfaction increases with
age. On the other hand, given the same true level of life satisfaction, older respondents are more likely to rank themselves
as “dissatisfied” with their life than younger individuals. Detrimental health conditions and physical limitations play a
crucial role in explaining scale biases in the reporting style of older individuals. 相似文献
53.
We characterize optimal consumption, capital, and population growth of a production economy under critical-level utilitarianism.
First, we show that neither classical utilitarianism nor average utilitarianism can avoid a corner solution for the population
growth rate, in that under the former, population grows at the maximum speed (the so-called repugnant conclusion) while under
the latter, it grows at the minimum. Second, we show that critical level utilitarianism yields an interior solution for the
population growth rate provided the critical level belongs to a positive, open interval. Finally, we characterize the transition
to the steady state and perform comparative dynamics analysis. 相似文献
54.
We address the problem of robust inference about the stress–strength reliability parameter R = P(X < Y), where X and Y are taken to be independent random variables. Indeed, although classical likelihood based procedures for inference on R are available, it is well-known that they can be badly affected by mild departures from model assumptions, regarding both
stress and strength data. The proposed robust method relies on the theory of bounded influence M-estimators. We obtain large-sample test statistics with the standard asymptotic distribution by means of delta-method asymptotics.
The finite sample behavior of these tests is investigated by some numerical studies, when both X and Y are independent exponential or normal random variables. An illustrative application in a regression setting is also discussed. 相似文献
55.
The Fay-Herriot area-level model for correlated response data is augmented with a between-groups-of-domains effect. Correlated-response parameters of small-area estimates no longer need the assumption of spatial contiguity. A simulation shows that area-level correlated-response observations increase the efficiency of the estimates, but do not reduce the biases. 相似文献
56.
We employ a discrete‐time parametric duration model on a group of 121 countries over the period 1970–2011 and find that the probability of the end of financial markets' shutdown and reaccess falls as these events become longer. We also show that: (1) shutdown episodes are longer when economic prospects are poor and the degree of financial openness falls, the chief executive has been in office for long periods, and the country has a default history and (2) spells of reaccess tend to be longer when economic growth improves and financial openness increases, there are neither government crises nor government instability, and the country did not default in the past. (JEL C41, G15) 相似文献
57.
Cesare Cavalera Luca Bastiani Pamela Gusmeroli Adelmo Fiocchi Francesco Pagnini Enrico Molinari Gianluca Castelnuovo Sabrina Molinaro 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2018,34(3):647-657
The present study examined adult gambling behaviours from a local perspective in order to assess the adult at risk and problem gambler’s profile stratified by genre and by different forms of game. 4773 Italian adults from 18 to 94 years old were administered a survey to assess socio-cultural information related to gambling behaviour and the SOGS to evaluate gambling behaviour severity. Logistic regression evidenced that both at risk and problem gamblers are associated with male gender, players that use to play to more than one game, gambling with strategy-based games. People with a gambler father or both parents who used to gamble were significantly more associated with problem gambling behaviour than participants with non-gambler parents. These results present adult profiles of at risk and problem providing a more clear understanding about the relationships between gambling behavior severity and type of gambling. 相似文献
58.
Luca Andrighetto Cristina Baldissarri Alessandro Gabbiadini Alessandra Sacino Roberta Rosa Valtorta Chiara Volpato 《Social Influence》2018,13(2):78-90
The present work explores whether self-objectification triggered by doing peculiar work activities would increase people’s conforming behavior. We conducted an experimental study in which participants (N = 140) were asked to perform a high objectifying activity (vs. low objectifying activity vs. baseline condition) simulating a real computer job. Afterwards, their levels of self-objectification and conforming behavior were assessed. Results revealed that participants who performed the high objectifying activity self-objectified (i.e., perceived themselves as lacking human mental states) more than the other conditions and, in turn, conformed more to the judgments of unknown similar others. Crucially, increased self-objectification mediated the effects of the high objectifying activity on enhancing conforming behavior. Theoretical and applied implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
59.
This paper proposes the ‘Mapping Tool for Make-To-Order companies’ (2MTO), a new approach to map, analyse and achieve lean benefits in high-variety-low-volume job shops. The focus is, mainly, on the transitional phase from push to pull, when there is a compelling need to acquire a deep understanding of the current state of the system under analysis. Sometimes, in this initial phase, a pure pull approach cannot be developed and a job shop configuration must be maintained. If so, 2MTO allows selecting a suitable hybrid Production Planning and Control system to control Work-In-Process and to limit lead times, so as to quickly achieve lean benefits, without significantly altering the original layout. 2MTO is fully explained making reference to an Italian precision mechanic company, where the application of the method led to a successful implementation of a Workload Control system. 相似文献
60.