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921.
Proponents of the common factors movement in marriage and family therapy (MFT) suggest that, rather than specific models of therapy, elements common across models of therapy and common to the process of therapy itself are responsible for therapeutic change. This article-the second of two companion articles-reports on a study designed to further investigate common factors in couple therapy. We used grounded theory techniques to analyze data from interviews with MFT model developers Dr. Susan M. Johnson, Dr. Frank M. Dattilio, Dr. Richard C. Schwartz, former students of Dr. Johnson and Dr. Schwartz, and each of their clients who had been successful in couple therapy. This article reports model-independent variables, that is, general aspects of therapy that are not directly related to the therapist's model. Model-independent categories include client variables, therapist variables, the therapeutic alliance, therapeutic process, and expectancy and motivational factors, each with several subcategories. We also present a conceptual framework that outlines how model-dependent and model-independent common factors may interact to produce change. We discuss our findings and proposed framework in relation to the current common factors literature in psychology and MFT. We also discuss clinical, training, and research implications. 相似文献
922.
Hillary Anger Elfenbein Maw Der Foo Judith White Hwee Hoon Tan Voon Chuan Aik 《Journal of Nonverbal Behavior》2007,31(4):205-223
Using meta-analysis, we find a consistent positive correlation between emotion recognition accuracy (ERA) and goal-oriented
performance. However, this existing research relies primarily on subjective perceptions of performance. The current study
tested the impact of ERA on objective performance in a mixed-motive buyer-seller negotiation exercise. Greater recognition
of posed facial expressions predicted better objective outcomes for participants from Singapore playing the role of seller,
both in terms of creating value and claiming a greater share for themselves. The present study is distinct from past research
on the effects of individual differences on negotiation outcomes in that it uses a performance-based test rather than self-reported
measure. These results add to evidence for the predictive validity of emotion recognition measures on practical outcomes.
相似文献
Hillary Anger ElfenbeinEmail: |
923.
Wayne K. Talley 《Journal of Labor Research》2007,28(3):515-524
I investigate the earnings differentials among union and nonunion seafarers, across seafarer occupations, and with respective
to other transport operatives. The empirical results suggest that the union and nonunion weekly earnings of captains/mates
are comparable, and the union earnings gap for sailors/deckhands is positive. The union (nonunion) weekly earnings of captains/mates
are 14.7 (30.5) percent greater than those of sailors/deckhands; the union weekly earnings of captains/mates (sailors/deckhands)
are 12.6% greater (9.5% less) than those of truck drivers; and the nonunion weekly earnings of captains/mates (sailors/deckhands)
are 33.0% greater (6.2% less) than those of truck drivers. The sailor/deckhand and truck driver earnings differentials are
contrary to the general belief that the earnings of truck drivers are less than those of other operative occupations involved
in transporting intermodal cargo.
相似文献
Wayne K. TalleyEmail: |
924.
Louis A. Penner Heather Orom Terrance L. Albrecht Melissa M. Franks Tanina S. Foster John C. Ruckdeschel 《Journal of Nonverbal Behavior》2007,31(2):99-117
Video recording provides an objective record of the content of medical interactions. However, there is concern that cameras
may be reactive measurement devices that alter what normally transpires during interactions. This study addressed potential
reactivity of cameras in medical interactions. Interactions between 45 patients and 14 medical oncologists were video recorded
and coded for camera-related behaviors. Eleven of 45 patients performed none of the behaviors. Among the other patients, camera-related
behaviors were infrequent and, on average, constituted about 0.1% (one-tenth of one percent) of total interaction time. Behaviors
occurred most often in very early stages of interactions, and when physicians were absent from the room. Seven physicians
showed camera-related behaviors, comprising less than 0.1% of the time they were in the interaction. Results suggest video
recording can provide nonreactive means of studying medical interactions.
相似文献
Louis A. PennerEmail: |
925.
Virtual Interpersonal Touch and Digital Chameleons 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We studied the characteristics of hand touch with a mechanical device that approximated a handshake, and we then examined
the effect of handshake mimicry on assessment of a partner. Two participants interacted with a force-feedback joystick that
recorded each of their hand movements individually. The two participants then greeted one another by feeling the recording
of the other person’s movements via the force-feedback device. For each dyad, one of the participants actually received his
or her own virtual handshake back under the guise that it was the other person’s virtual handshake. Results demonstrated three
significant findings. First, for any given participant, a metric that took into account position, angle, speed, and acceleration
of the hand movements correlated highly within individuals across two handshakes. Second, across participants, these metrics
demonstrated specific differences by gender. Finally, there was an interaction between gender and mimicry, such that male
participants liked people who mimicked their handshakes more than female participants did. We discuss the implications of
these findings and relate them to theories of social interaction.
相似文献
Jeremy N. BailensonEmail: |
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