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51.
S. Nagel 《Statistics》2013,47(4):519-523
In the paper we assume to be given an approximate optimum exact design with respect to one optimality criterion. We investigate the goodness of this design in the sense of a family of criteria that includes those of A-E-, and .D-optimality.  相似文献   
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Although empirical studies suggest that a transformational leadership style is efficient in orchestras, a coherent explanation for this finding is lacking. Linking research on workforce diversity with research on team innovation, this article provides a framework that explains the positive effects of transformational leadership in orchestras. Transformational leaders enhance the positive effects of ensemble diversity on idea generation, while at the same time reducing its negative effects on idea integration. This twofold effect of transformational leadership promotes artistic ensemble performance, that is, a coherent, highly synchronized interpretation of a given score. Contributions to the literature and implications for further research are formulated.  相似文献   
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The purpose of the current paper is to provide an overview and evaluation, covering the past decade, of developments and experiences in the Netherlands with respect to the prevention and reduction of sickness absence and work disability. The government has made various attempts to restrict expenditure in this area by increasing the (financial) responsibility of employers. It is concluded that the legislative changes do not seem to have long-lasting effects on sickness absence and work disability rates and have not worked out in practice as well as was foreseen. Employers — particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)— often buy minimum service packages from occupational health services (OHSs), show risk-avoiding behaviour, and primarily undertake procedural and person-oriented measures. Some lessons may be learned from the Netherlands' approach, concerning (1) the principle of self-regulation; (2) the position of SMEs; (3) the privatizing of OHSs; (4) examples of good practice.  相似文献   
55.
Homelessness: a proposal for a global definition and classification   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
On the base of an analysis of the definitions of homelessness currently in use, first a change of the notion “homelessness” to “houselessness” is proposed. Houseless persons are then defined as those sleeping rough or using public or private shelters. To better understand the causes of houselessness, its environment is involved in this classification under the notion of inadequate shelter. This comprises the following non-exclusive categories: risk of houselessness, concealed houselessness and substandard housing situations. This classification has the advantage to be adaptable to regional and national differences, while at the same time providing a global basis for data collection and comparison.  相似文献   
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There are many models and processes aimed at helping the managers of business enterprises in making strategic decisions. However, most of this work is oriented toward large organizations. In this paper, a model based on empirical data observations in 20 small Dutch firms is presented. This is a practical model giving the managers a guideline with checklists to follow in making strategic decisions. The significant characteristics of the model include the capabilities of the managers of small business firms. It attempts to fill the gap which exists between sophisticated theory and the decision-making tools that are used by the entrepreneur. The model was successfully used by approximately 50 firms and this paper demonstrates its applicability and discusses the problems encountered.  相似文献   
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Until 1972 Mexico's officials seemed to believe that the annual population growth rate of 3.5% was not really a problem as long as the economic development rate could be kept ahead of the population growth rate. The General Law of Population of 1947 was actually promoting population growth. It was only during the 1960s that elite opinion shifted, and privately funded family planning programs became increasingly active. By 1972 the population had reached 54 million, from 20 million in 1940. President Echevarria, till then a traditional pronatalist, announced in 1972 the creation of a national family planning program, and, in 1974, the creation of a national population council. Since then the Mexican government has embarked on ambitious programs of mass communication and sex education to make the population receptive to its new attitudes. The plans have worked: by mid-1979 estimates put the population growth rate at 2.9%, within sight of the 2.5% target set for 1982 by new president Lopez Portillo. According to a survey conducted by the National Fertility Survey, by late 1976 41.50% of Mexican women of childbearing age were practicing contraception. Within the 41.50% of active contraceptors, 14.9% use the pill, and 7.8% the IUD. New channels of information and of contraceptive delivery are being explored to reach Mexico's widely scattered rural population, and to bring the average family size down to 2 children from the average of 6.5 children per woman for 1973-1975. The government goal is of a 1% population increase by the year 2000.  相似文献   
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