国内外内河运输船舶船型标准化比较研究

该文对国内外内河运输船舶船型标准化工作实践进行比较,并从经济效益、运输安全、设施利用和环境保护等方面进行探讨,可为我国内河运输船舶船型标准化工作提供借鉴.     

'A Little Inconvenience': perspectives of Bengali families of children with disabilities on labelling and inclusion

Based on the findings of a qualitative study, this article describes how Bengali mothers of children with disabilities in Calcutta, India use the colloquial term 'inconvenience' to talk about their child's disabilities. Data were collected through extensive interviews and participant observations. Findings indicate that the mothers use of the colloquial term 'inconvenience' forms a significant aspect of their efforts to educate their community and create inclusion for their children. Findings of this study have implications for the role of local language in enhancing the inclusion of people with disabilities in developing countries such as India.     

Experiences of white-collar job loss and job-searching in the United States

Unemployment is a pervasive and stubborn feature of contemporary social and economic life. This review article focuses on the meaning and experience of contemporary white-collar unemployment in the United States. After explaining the empirical and theoretical rationales for the focus on white-collar workers, this review delves into three aspects of white-collar unemployment: who loses jobs; what unemployment means for one's sense of self, marital relationships, parent-child relationships; and how the process of job-searching and re-employment unfold for unemployed white-collar workers in the US. Throughout, I take an intersectional approach, identifying how sensitivity to structural location in the labor market and the family can augment our sociological understandings of these important issues. I close by suggesting directions for future research.     

A CLASS OF NONPARAMETRIC TESTS FOR THE ONE-SAMPLE LOCATION PROBLEM

A class of “optimal”U-statistics type nonparametric test statistics is proposed for the one-sample location problem by considering a kernel depending on a constant a and all possible (distinct) subsamples of size two from a sample of n independent and identically distributed observations. The “optimal” choice of a is determined by the underlying distribution. The proposed class includes the Sign and the modified Wilcoxon signed-rank statistics as special cases. It is shown that any “optimal” member of the class performs better in terms of Pitman efficiency relative to the Sign and Wilcoxon-signed rank statistics. The effect of deviation of chosen a from the “optimal” a on Pitman efficiency is also examined. A Hodges-Lehmann type point estimator of the location parameter corresponding to the proposed “optimal” test-statistics is also defined and studied in this paper.     

Mesurer les difficultés d'absorption de la force de travail dans les pays en développement: les limites du concept de taux de chômage

Le concept de chômage «standard» est souvent critiqué parce qu'il omet de nombreuses personnes classées comme travaillant ou inactives, alors qu'elles sont de fait dans une situation équivalant au chômage. L'auteur examine les limites de ce concept dans les pays en développement. Il commence par les problèmes méthodologiques et statistiques associés à la définition type du taux de chômage, puis s'interroge sur sa signification lorsque l'emploi est très hétérogène. Il montre ensuite que ce taux tend à sous‐estimer l'excès d'offre de travail et qu'il est un mauvais indicateur du déficit de travail décent. Il conclut sur les limites de ce taux en tant que guide de la politique économique.     

近二十年来国内十三世达赖喇嘛研究动态述评

十三世达赖喇嘛是近代西藏地方的政教首领,是中国近代史上一位重要人物.近二十年来,学术界对他的研究,特别是对其功过是非的评价,有了不少新的成果,值得大家关注.     

我国乡镇政权角色和行为的社会学研究综述

本文按照“结构 / 制度”和“过程 / 事件”两种研究取向，梳理了社会学界对1980年以来乡镇政权的角色和行为研究的成果。前者解释了乡镇政权由于考核评分体制的压力而被动产生失范行为的原因；后者以动态的、微观的研究视角分析具体事件过程中乡镇政权的行动者其角色和策略选择。“结构 / 制度”和“过程 / 事件”研究并不矛盾，可以相互借鉴。综合上述研究，文章认为对当前农村税费改革后乡镇政权在“国家”和“农村社会”新型互动关系中的角色和行为的研究也可借鉴上述研究。     

Sidak-type simultaneous confidence intervals for the risk measures rsmr,based on proportional mortality measures in epidemiologic 1 studies involving several competing risks of death

In the present paper, simultaneous confidence interval estimates are constructed for the mortality measures RSMR. based on propor¬tional mortality measures SPMR. in epidemiologic studies for several competing risks of death to which the individuals in the study are exposed. It is demonstrated that, under a reasonable assumption, the joint sampling distribution of the statistics X. = RSMR./SPMR. for M competing risks9 may be approximated by means of a multi-variafe normal distribution, Sidak's (1967, 1968) mulfivariate normal probability inequalities are applied to construct the simultaneous confidence intervals for the measures RSMR., i=l3 2, ..., M. These are valid regardless of the covariance structure among the risks, As a particular case if the risks may be assumed as independent, our confidence intervals reduce to those for a single measure RSMR., which are narrower than those of Kupper et al., (1978), In this sense, our paper generalizes the results presently available in the literature in two directions; first, to obtain narrower confidence limits, and second3 to discuss the case of competing risks of death irrespective of their covariance structure.     

Variance components of the linear regression model with a random intercept

Several estimators for the variance components of the above model are derived. Biases and mean square errors of the estimators for small samples are examined. Results on the skewness and kurtosis coefficients and the large sample biases and mean square errors of these estimators are presented in detail.     

在线品牌社群产品知识与结构洞：互依自我的调节

在线品牌社群本质上是社会网络,而结构洞是社会网络中关系形成的关键节点。以产品知识为前因,研究成员嵌入在线品牌社群结构洞位置的原因以及结构洞位置对品牌社群承诺和品牌承诺的影响,同时探讨互依自我在产品知识与结构洞之间的调节效应以及品牌社群承诺在结构洞与品牌承诺之间的中介效应。通过网上调研平台“问卷星”收集500份有效问卷,采用自我中心网的关系数据,通过UCINET软件计算结构洞位置,再使用偏最小二乘法进行实证检验。研究结果表明,产品知识对结构洞位置的占据有正向影响,互依自我对产品知识与结构洞位置之间的关系起正向调节作用,结构洞位置通过品牌社群承诺的完全中介作用影响品牌承诺。研究结论在理解社会网络与在线品牌社群之间的关系方面具有理论意义,对于在线品牌社群建构社会网络具有实践意义。