Social Exclusion and Its Causes in East Asian Societies: Evidences from SQSQ Survey Data

Using data from surveys on “social quality survey questionnaires”, carried out by the Asian Consortium for Social Quality between 2009 and 2011, this study investigates the causes of social exclusion in six Asian societies. About 6,460 questionnaires were completed and the analysis of the data reveals the features and the causes of social exclusion in these societies. The study concludes that the impact of social factors (maritual status, parental relations, and personal relations with local communities) on social exclusion is stronger than the political and economical factors (including class stratification and lack of financial resources). The findings indicate that the lack of social capitals is the most significant cause of social exclusion in these societies.     

论藏传佛教活佛等级制度

格鲁派变成西藏的执政教派以后,主要受政治、宗教、经济等因素的影响,藏传佛教的活佛中出现了高与低的等级差异,而且某一活佛的等级高或低也会在一定条件下上升或下降,甚至出现转世资格被去除的变动.     

Integrations,identity and conflicts: A cross-border perspective on residential relocation of Hong Kong citizens to Mainland China

This paper aims to test if traditional literature on both internal residential mobility and international migration hold up in explaining the driving forces behind the home-moving behaviours of Hong Kong residents to the Chinese Mainland, under a mixture of economic integrations, past connections along with present structural and identity differences. The multi-dimensionality of this behaviour, in comparison to other forms of residential movements in the literature, is shown as there is no single attribute, albeit all necessary conditions, sufficient enough to encourage such movement on its own. Instead, the cross-border residence is primarily a middle-class, middle-aged phenomenon, due to one’s past connections with Mainland China throughout his/her life course and the possession of financial resources insufficient to afford larger living space in Hong Kong yet enough to benefit from the remarkable living cost advantages on the other side of the border. It provides some directions for studying similar forms of residential mobility in the era of globalization when the functions of national borders have become more obscure than before. Implications from this residential behaviour are then discussed.     

INTERNATIONAL CURRENCY SUBSTITUTION AND SEIGNIORAGE IN A SIMPLE MODEL OF MONEY

This paper investigates the economic signcance of currency substitution using a small, open economy model of money. The main result is that in a low-inflation economy the seigniorage-maximizing inflation rate can be quite large despite a very high elasticity of currency substitution when the share of foreign real balances in producing domestic liquidity services is small (as some recent econometric estimates indicate in the case of Canada). This suggests that currency substitution is likely to be of second-order importance to policymakers in a low-inflation economy where foreign real balances provide economically small domestic liquidity services.     

隔代照顾研究述评及其政策讨论

在世界范围内,隔代照顾是一个普遍现象。对这一议题的分析涉及的领域十分广泛,包括儿童福利、养老照顾、代际关系、女性主义、家庭与工作平衡问题,也包括家庭政策以及其他社会政策等。欧美学者对此现象进行了深入研究,并基于调查数据展开对儿童的生活状况及照顾提供者参与社会活动和健康等方面状况的探讨,得出一些具有启发性的结论。这些研究启示我们要通过各种社会支持政策来提高老年人参与隔代照顾的频率并降低强度,使隔代照顾取得积极成效;探索通过社会津贴、补助等方式给予隔代照顾的提供者一定的回报,充分肯定从事隔代照顾的老年人对社会所做贡献的价值;通过发展社会政策项目,促进非正式照顾体系的发展。     

人民陪审员遴选制度之实证考察——以中国东部某基层法院为分析样本

人民陪审员遴选制度是整个人民陪审员制度运行的基础,是实现司法民主、司法公平、司法正义的第一道程序,其有效运行能够保障人民陪审员制度的政治价值与司法价值得以实现,但中国的人民陪审员遴选制度却并未能实现良性运行。价值导向的混乱,制度设计脱离社会实践,致使遴选范围狭窄,遴选主体单一,遴选程序缺乏普遍性。人民陪审员遴选制度的有效实施需要根植于我国的社会差序格局之上,正视城乡差距,重新梳理人民陪审员制度的价值,规范制度设计,推动人民陪审员遴选制度的改革与完善。     

Evaluating the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Hong Kong Welfare Programmes in Reducing Child Poverty

This paper examines the effectiveness and efficiency of welfare programmes that are relevant to child poverty reduction in Hong Kong. We employ data from a cross‐sectional survey of a representative sample of families, conducted in 2015 through face‐to‐face interviews. Our results indicate that all four welfare programmes were inadequate in alleviating child poverty. This was either due to the deep poverty gap to be filled or high rates of exclusion error. Most programmes are also inefficient because of inclusion error. We conclude by suggesting some policy implications for the welfare programmes.     

Ridge estimator with correlated errors and two-stage ridge estimator under inequality restrictions

Liew (1976a Liew, C.K. (1976a). A two-stage least-squares estimation with inequality restrictions on parameters. Rev. Econ. Stat. LVIII(2):234–238.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) introduced generalized inequality constrained least squares (GICLS) estimator and inequality constrained two-stage and three-stage least squares estimators by reducing primal–dual relation to problem of Dantzig and Cottle (1967 Dantzig, G.B., Cottle, R.W. (1967). Positive (semi-) definite matrices and mathematical programming. In: Abadie, J., ed. Nonlinear Programming (pp. 55–73). Amsterdam: North Holland Publishing Co. [Google Scholar]), Cottle and Dantzig (1974 Cottle, R.W., Dantzig, G.B. (1974). Complementary pivot of mathematical programming. In: Dantzig, G.B., Eaves, B.C., eds. Studies in OptimizationVol. 10. Washington: Mathematical Association of America. [Google Scholar]) and solving with Lemke (1962 Lemke, C.E. (1962). A method of solution for quadratic programs. Manage. Sci. 8(4):442–453.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) algorithm. The purpose of this article is to present inequality constrained ridge regression (ICRR) estimator with correlated errors and inequality constrained two-stage and three-stage ridge regression estimators in the presence of multicollinearity. Untruncated variance–covariance matrix and mean square error are derived for the ICRR estimator with correlated errors, and its superiority over the GICLS estimator is examined via Monte Carlo simulation.     

An optimal k of kth MA-ARIMA models under a class of ARIMA model

In this article, we discuss finding the optimal k of (i) kth simple moving average, (ii) kth weighted moving average, and (iii) kth exponential weighted moving average based on simulated ARIMA(p, d, q) model. We run a simulation using the three above examining methods under specific conditions. The main finding is that 5th exponential weighted moving average (5th EWMA) ARIMA model is the best forecasting model among others, which means the optimal k = 5. For Turkish Telecommunications (TTKOM) stock market, real data reveal the similar results of simulation study.     

倭遣隋留学生、学问僧的素养

古代日本对大陆文化的引进,最初依靠渡来人来完成,七世纪初逐渐过渡到通过作为遣外使节的留学生以及书籍收集来实现.向中国派遣留学生、学问僧直接引进大陆文化的方法是在佛教吸收方式的基础上逐渐形成的,与之前依靠渡来的文化引进方式相比,容易保证政治上的自主性.遣外留学生、学问僧的身上包含着本国的政治意图,他们带回的人际、社会等关系对之后历史产生的影响不可忽视.