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111.
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Emelie Shanks Tommy Lundstrm Gabrielle Meagher Marie Sallns Stefan Wiklund 《Social Policy & Administration》2021,55(1):82-96
In what has become quite a turbulent quasi‐market for residential care for children and youth, providers now compete for public contracts. To create visibility and attract customers, many providers use marketing activities to project the desired impression of themselves to maintain or strengthen their market position. In this article, we analyse how companies that provide residential care for children manage the impressions they project on their websites and in advertisements. The results reveal that residential care providers use a range of impression management strategies to enhance their organizational image and to respond to potentially damaging or threatening images. The information providers choose to disclose leaves customers—in this case, the social workers responsible for choosing and purchasing care on behalf of clients—with rather limited opportunities to evaluate the quality of care. This is a significant problem considering other, more reliable, sources of information are difficult to access. 相似文献
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114.
Increasing evidence from the empirical economic and psychological literature suggests that positive and negative well-being
are more than opposite ends of the same phenomenon. Two separate measures of the dependent variable may therefore be needed
when analyzing the determinants of subjective well-being. We investigate asymmetries in the effect of income on subjective
well-being with a single-item measure of general life satisfaction. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel 1984–2004,
and a flexible multiple-index ordered probit panel data model with varying thresholds, we find that income has only a minor
effect on high satisfaction but significantly reduces dissatisfaction. 相似文献
115.
Stefan T. Trautmann 《Theory and Decision》2010,68(4):405-415
Fairness can be incorporated into Harsanyi’s utilitarianism through all-inclusive utility. This retains the normative assumptions
of expected utility and Pareto-efficiency, and relates fairness to individual preferences. It makes utilitarianism unfalsifiable,
however, if agents’ all-inclusive utilities are not explicitly specified. This note proposes a two-stage model to make utilitarian
welfare analysis falsifiable by specifying all-inclusive utilities explicitly through models of individual fairness preferences.
The approach is applied to include fairness in widely discussed allocation examples. 相似文献
116.
Stefan Timmermans 《Symbolic Interaction》1998,21(4):425-440
In this article, I offer a pragmatist conceptual framework to link the sociology of health and illness with the sociology of science and technology. Starting from an examination of the practice of doing medicine and science, I extend Anselm Strauss's trajectory concept to analyze the temporality and processual character of an evolving phenomenon in two important ways. First, I analyze how a single trajectory emerges out of the interaction of multiple trajectories and how emerging and existing trajectories shape each other with differential power. Second, in accord with recent writings in science and technology studies, agency is extended from humans to non-humans. I discuss different origin and ending strategies of trajectories and the management of trajectories over time. 相似文献
117.
欧洲的环境税改革可以追溯到20世纪90年代初,但自2001年起却经历了一个持续的发展低谷阶段,而最近,日益严厉的碳减排目标和众多欧洲政府通过税收来减少公共赤字的需要相结合,正在促成人们对碳/能源税和环境税改革兴趣的再度提升。本文的基本观点是,环境税改革是一种促进绿色增长的政策,也就是带来在欧洲和其他地方的环境可持续的经济增长,而欧洲范围内的环境税改革是欧盟实现2020年减排目标十分有效而经济的手段,尤其是在全球性气候合作的背景下。此外,它还可以用来提高一般意义上的资源利用效率。环境税改革是欧洲应对全球气候变化的一个巨大政策机遇,它不仅代价较低,而且有助于就业、技术革新和可以长期经济发展的新工业,而这些都是来自公共政策的巨大收益。因而,环境税改革理应成为实现温室气体大幅度削减目标的政策工具组合中的重要组成部分。当然,这有赖于欧盟政治家和决策者找到应对环境税改革可能引致的诸多政治挑战的方法,从而代表欧洲实现这一改革的预期收益。 相似文献
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119.
Stefan Grosse Louis Putterman Bettina Rockenbach 《Journal of the European Economic Association》2011,9(4):785-816
Alchian and Demsetz’s influential explanation of the classical business firm (The American Economic Review, 1972, 62, 777–795) argues that there is need for a concentrated residual claim in the hands of a central agent, to motivate the monitoring of workers. We model monitoring as a way to transform team production from a collective action dilemma with strong free riding incentives to a productivity‐enhancing opportunity with strong private marginal incentives to contribute effort. In an experiment, we have subjects experience team production without monitoring, team production with a central monitor, and team production with peer monitoring. Then subjects vote on whether to employ the central monitor, who gets to keep a fixed share of the team output, or to rely on peer monitoring, which entails a coordination or free riding problem. Our subjects usually prefer peer monitoring but they switch to the specialist when unable to successfully self‐monitor. We provide evidence for situations in which team members resist the appointing of a central monitor and succeed in overcoming coordination and free riding problems as well as for a situation in which an Alchian–Demsetz‐like firm grows in the laboratory. 相似文献
120.
Stefan Toepler 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2006,17(2):95-109
This paper reviews some of the underpinnings of the current commercialization debate in the nonprofit sector, based on an analysis of Metropolitan Museum of Art data from 1960 to 2002. The case suggests at least two avenues for additional research: First, while analysts tend to see the origins of the commercialization phenomenon in the fiscal setbacks of the 1980s, the economic crisis of the 1970s and the resulting erosion of endowment funds may also have been an as of yet unexplored driving force behind the commercialization trend. Second, current conceptual frameworks of the phenomenon adequately explain the motivations behind the observable rise of the museum's commercial activities. However, the changing rationales as well as economic fortunes of commercial activities in this case highlight the need for a better understanding of the long-term effects and consequences of commercial activity by nonprofit organizations, particularly in light of the current push for increased entrepreneurialism.
相似文献
Stefan ToeplerEmail: |