Fuzzy quality-team formation for value added auditing: A case study

Value-added (quality) auditing is emerging as one of the most powerful tools for continuous quality improvement, with the introduction of the ISO 9001:2000 and ISO 19011 standards that focus team-based audits, proper auditor skills, process auditing, and effectiveness, etc. Formation of an effective quality audit team (QAT) based on the required auditor skills is therefore the initial stage of the value added auditing. QATs audit organizations at different locations with varying auditing requirements in order to evaluate an organization's own quality system (first party part audits according to IEC9001 Clause 8.2.2). The QAT consists of a lead auditor and one or more auditors that have the required skills in varying levels for the execution of an audit. For a successful audit, the formation of a QAT is vital since each audit team must at least fulfill the minimum requirements and skills needed for a specific audit. In this case study, a fuzzy mathematical-programming model and a solution algorithm based on “simulated annealing” is proposed for the formation of QATs. This is one of the first attempts in the literature to form this kind of teams analytically. Example problems are also solved in the paper to present the application of the proposed approach.     

Decision Making and the Price Setting Newsvendor: Experimental Evidence

We present an experimental study of the price‐setting newsvendor problem, which extends the traditional framework by allowing the decision maker to determine both the selling price and the order quantity of a given item. We compare behavior under this model with two benchmark conditions where subjects have a single decision to make (price or quantity). We observe that subjects deviate from the theoretical benchmarks when they are tasked with a single decision. They also exhibit anchoring behavior, where their anchor is the expected demand when quantity is the decision variable and is the initial inventory level when price is the decision variable. When decision makers set quantity and price concurrently, we observe no significant difference between the normative (i.e., expected profit‐maximizing) prices and the decision makers’ price choices. Quantity decisions move further from the normative benchmarks (compared to when subjects have a single decision to make) when the ratio of cost to price is less than half. When this ratio is reversed, there is no significant difference between order levels in single‐ and multi‐task settings. In the multidecision framework, we also observe a tendency to match orders and expected demand levels, which subjects can control using prices.     

中韩教育社会化、产业化及其法律调整之比较

中韩两国教育事业的社会化、产业化及其法律调整存在着很大差别,其法律调整上的差别表现在教育行业的准入条件、教育过程和教育费用的控制、教育投入及退出教育行业的法律规则.韩国教育事业的社会化、产业化对中国具有借鉴意义.     

艺术美育的“绿色工程”——评欧阳友权新著《艺术美学》

《艺术美学》一书把艺术美育作为大学生素质教育的“绿色工程”来构建。在写作取向上的素质美育追求 ,学术体例上的自足性 ,美育操作上的实用性和理论表述方式上的圆融美 ,使这部探讨各艺术门类美的学术专著 ,系统而不失灵活地将大众喜爱和渴求的艺术知识与人文知识 ,用学理谨严而又灵动鲜活的话语结构和叙述文体亲切道来。既注重了专业积累与理论水准 ,又注重普及与提高的有机协调和统一 ;既注重艺术美育知识的介绍 ,又深入浅出地传授艺术鉴赏技能 ;既有宏观的理论拓展 ,又有具体艺术样式的独到剖析 ;既有历史的纵向展开 ,又有当今世界范围内的艺术热点扫视。这对于在青年学生中实施艺术美育 ,全面提高大学生的审美素质 ,将大有裨益     

Similarity and Complementarity of Behavioral Profiles of Friendship Types and Types of Friends: Friendships and Psychosocial Adjustment

This study investigated different types of friendships and the behavioral profiles of different types of friends in relation to individual adjustment. In 102 classes with preadolescents (mean age 11), 737 independent friendship dyads, and in 149 classes with adolescents (mean age 14), 1,102 friendship dyads were identified. At each age group, cluster analyses on the behavioral profiles of the dyads yielded three friendship types, with two types of friends within each friendship type: Socially Withdrawn friendship (Victimized Withdrawn and Prosocial Withdrawn friends), Prosocial friendship (High Prosocial and Less Prosocial friends), and Antisocial friendship (Bullying Antisocial and Antisocial friends). The behavioral profiles of the two friends in Prosocial friendships were marked by similarity and in the other two types by complementarity. Both Victimized Withdrawn and Bullying Antisocial friends were less adjusted than participants without friends while Prosocial friends were more adjusted.     

直觉主义的反叛与个人圣徒道路的复归——评严复经验主义认识论

严复认为逻辑更胜于纯粹的学术关注,它作为方法论基础能够保证伦理道德以及社会政治等治世处方的确定性。先天具有严密方法论缺陷的中国传统治国文献的实践失败,极大降低了铭刻在经典文本中的伦理与实践格言的价值。中国需要一种崭新的推理形式,它必须与现代科学的步调相一致。这种新形式有三个中心要素:经验主义认识论替代直觉知识以及文本权威中的传统中国信念、明晰的定义方法、对于归纳的明确认知。严复很少对中性真理感兴趣,认为在科学探究过程中,逻辑的终极目的是求诚。本质上,严复展示的这一探究是个人圣徒道路的不断寻求过程。这种过程联合了外在世界广博知识的追寻以及个人道德完美的不断努力。     

Educational optimism in China: migrant selectivity or migration experience?

This paper addresses the so-called paradox of immigrant optimism, which accounts for the higher educational expectations of immigrant–origin children, compared to non-immigrants in destination countries, conditional on social background and school attainment. We are interested in clarifying whether the mechanisms behind this optimism are related to migrant selectivity or family migration experience. To do this we use data from the China Education Panel Study, a representative survey of junior high school students in China. We use a two-pronged analytical strategy. Firstly, we look at whether having experienced family migration (within China) is associated with higher educational expectations. Secondly, we take a step back and explore whether adolescents who wish to migrate themselves when they grow up report higher educational expectations. Our findings confirm that adolescents who wish to migrate themselves when adults are already more optimistic even before any intentions of moving come to fruition. This we take as an indirect proof of selectivity. In contrast, we find no effect of family migration on expectations.     

高校学生管理模式法制化创新研究

"法治"是高校学生管理工作的必由之路,本文旨在通过揭示当前高校学生管理法治化的现实问题,探求高校学生管理法治化的有效途径。