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61.
    
Recently, innovation‐oriented firms have been competing along dimensions other than price, lead time being one such dimension. Increasingly, customers are favoring lead time guarantees as a means to hedge supply chain risks. For a make‐to‐order environment, we explicitly model the impact of a lead time guarantee on customer demands and production planning. We study how a firm can integrate demand and production decisions to optimize expected profits by quoting a uniform guaranteed maximum lead time to all customers. Our analysis highlights the increasing importance of lead time for customers, as well as the tradeoffs in achieving a proper balance between revenue and cost drivers associated with lead‐time guarantees. We show that the optimal lead time has a closed‐form solution with a newsvendor‐like structure. We prove comparative statics results for the change in optimal lead time with changes in capacity and cost parameters and illustrate the insights using numerical experimentation.  相似文献   
62.
Emotion has become an increasingly important aspect of work in the 21st century. In this article, we take stock of the extant literature delineating the role of emotions, especially passion as a cultural schema, in white‐collar workplaces. Scholars have covered extensive ground on emotions at work, but the role of passion remains an underexplored yet significant area. Drawing from recent developments in research on white‐collar work, we argue that the passion schema has become a critical marker in the labor market for sorting individuals into occupations, hiring and promotion within organizations, and assigning value to people's labor. Emergent research suggests that because the expression and perception of passion remain ambiguously defined in the workplace and varies by context, it is pivotal in reproducing social inequalities. In this review, we focus on how privileging passion in the workplace and interpreting it as a measure of aptitude impacts social inequalities by race, gender, and social class. We close by setting an agenda for further research on this topic.  相似文献   
63.
    
Maintaining the performance of infrastructure-dependent systems in the face of surprises and unknowable risks is a grand challenge. Addressing this issue requires a better understanding of enabling conditions or principles that promote system resilience in a universal way. In this study, a set of such principles is interpreted as a group of interrelated conditions or organizational qualities that, taken together, engender system resilience. The field of resilience engineering identifies basic system or organizational qualities (e.g., abilities for learning) that are associated with enhanced general resilience and has packaged them into a set of principles that should be fostered. However, supporting conditions that give rise to such first-order system qualities remain elusive in the field. An integrative understanding of how such conditions co-occur and fit together to bring about resilience, therefore, has been less clear. This article contributes to addressing this gap by identifying a potentially more comprehensive set of principles for building general resilience in infrastructure-dependent systems. In approaching this aim, we organize scattered notions from across the literature. To reflect the partly self-organizing nature of infrastructure-dependent systems, we compare and synthesize two lines of research on resilience: resilience engineering and social-ecological system resilience. Although some of the principles discussed within the two fields overlap, there are some nuanced differences. By comparing and synthesizing the knowledge developed in them, we recommend an updated set of resilience-enhancing principles for infrastructure-dependent systems. In addition to proposing an expanded list of principles, we illustrate how these principles can co-occur and their interdependencies.  相似文献   
64.
    
Although various studies have emphasized linkages between firm competencies, networks and sustainability at organizational level, the links between top management tangible competencies (TMTCs) (e.g. contemporary relevant quantitative‐focused education such as big data analytics and data‐driven applications linked with the internet of things, relevant experience and analytical business applications), relationship‐based business networks (RBNs) and environmental sustainability have not been well established at micro‐level, and there is a literature gap in terms of investigating these relationships. This study examines these links based on the unique data collected from 175 top management representatives (chief executive officers and managing directors) working in food import and export firms headquartered in the UK and New Zealand. Our results from structural equation modelling indicate that TMTCs are the key determinants for building RBNs, mediating the correlation between TMTCs and environmental sustainability. Directly, the competencies also play a vital role towards environmental practices. The findings further depict that relationship‐oriented firms perform better compared to those which focus less on such networks. Consequently, our findings provide a deeper understanding of the micro‐foundations of environmental sustainability based on TMTCs rooted in the resource‐based view and RBNs entrenched in social network theory. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our findings, and we provide suggestions for future research.  相似文献   
65.
    
We discuss some analogues of the lack of memory property, the strong lack of memory property and the almost lack of memory properties for the Gompertz distribution as applications of the integrated Cauchy functional equation.  相似文献   
66.
饶会林 《城市》2006,(5):11-15
一、经济学变革的认识前提 (一)正确认识科学真理的属性 1.客观性.科学真理是人对客观世界未知领域探索的认识成果,不是主观伪造,具有可重复检验的正确性."实践是检验真理的惟一标准".  相似文献   
67.
农户经济理论是农村研究的重要分支领域.国外农户经济理论研究历史悠久、学派众多并互有采借.在我国"工业反哺农业"、大力缩小城乡差距的今天,对国外农户经济理论进行建设性反思批判仍然具有非常重要的意义.本文在国内已有研究文献的基础上,从历史发展的角度,兼顾各理论流派的理论争论与交锋,结合中国当前"城乡二元社会结构"的特殊国情,对国外农户经济理论进行了系统梳理,并指出其对中国研究的意义与局限,以期为农户经济研究提供借鉴和参考.  相似文献   
68.
在证券市场 10余年的历程中 ,萧灼基教授逐步形成了关于中国股票市场建立与发展的思想。这些思想主要包括在社会主义制度下建立股票市场的意义 ;中国发展股票市场所依据的原则以及对股票市场中出现的不规范现象所持有的观点。本文系统探讨了上述思想 ,并指出这些思想能够影响和推动中国股票市场的发展是源于其研究方法的科学性  相似文献   
69.
从普通含义和专业含义两个维度解读我国宪法文本中的政治权利概念,政治权利的内涵可被理解为"参与国家政治生活的权利",而其外延则是不确定的,但至少包含选举权与被选举权,担任公职权和言论、出版、集会、结社、游行、示威自由等三项权利。并且从《宪法》第34条但书规范的解释角度,我们也无法得出我国宪法文本中的政治权利仅限于选举权与被选举权的结论。  相似文献   
70.
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