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211.
This article presents a note on the modified likelihood ratio test for homogeneity in beta mixture models. Under consistency of the penalized maximum likelihood estimators, the limiting distribution of the test statistic converges to the chi-bar-squared distributions. The statistic degenerates to zero with a weight due to the negative definiteness of a complicated random matrix. The probability that this matrix is negative definite is related to the parameter values under the homogeneity hypothesis. The dependency pattern enables the introduction of an upper bound on the asymptotic null distribution. Simulation study is investigated to verify the accuracy of the results. 相似文献
212.
213.
Tony Vangeneugden Geert Verbeke Clarice G.B. Demétrio 《Journal of applied statistics》2011,38(2):215-232
Vangeneugden et al. [15] derived approximate correlation functions for longitudinal sequences of general data type, Gaussian and non-Gaussian, based on generalized linear mixed-effects models (GLMM). Their focus was on binary sequences, as well as on a combination of binary and Gaussian sequences. Here, we focus on the specific case of repeated count data, important in two respects. First, we employ the model proposed by Molenberghs et al. [13], which generalizes at the same time the Poisson-normal GLMM and the conventional overdispersion models, in particular the negative-binomial model. The model flexibly accommodates data hierarchies, intra-sequence correlation, and overdispersion. Second, means, variances, and joint probabilities can be expressed in closed form, allowing for exact intra-sequence correlation expressions. Next to the general situation, some important special cases such as exchangeable clustered outcomes are considered, producing insightful expressions. The closed-form expressions are contrasted with the generic approximate expressions of Vangeneugden et al. [15]. Data from an epileptic-seizures trial are analyzed and correlation functions derived. It is shown that the proposed extension strongly outperforms the classical GLMM. 相似文献
214.
Elizabeth Boath Rachel Good Anna Tsaroucha Tony Stewart Sheila Pitch Adam J. Boughey 《Social Work Education》2017,36(6):715-730
By the nature of their professional training and practice placements, social work students are prone to situations provoking the onset of anxiety. A programme of academic and placement support, termed the ‘Skills Lab’, provides help and support for students to develop their communication skills and prepare for their practice placements and transition into professional social work practice. Skills Lab evaluations indicated a high level of appreciation, linked with a strong sense of apprehension and anxiety, which some students report has negatively affected their performance. To address student anxiety, a pilot study using Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) was developed. EFT is an intervention, which may potentially be effective in reducing academic anxiety and enhancing public speaking. This mixed-methods pilot study measured participants’ (n = 45) subjective distress and anxiety before and after using EFT. Subjective distress/anxiety was invoked through a 15-min assignment lecture. Twelve of the 45 students also participated in one-one interviews to elaborate on their experiences of EFT. Quantitative findings indicated participants reported significantly less subjective distress and anxiety after using EFT. Qualitative findings indicated three themes whereby participants found EFT calming, relaxing and helpful; considered the transferability of EFT in other settings; and proposed some of the mechanisms of EFT’s action. 相似文献
215.
Lena C. Quilty Chris Watson Tony Toneatto R. Michael Bagby 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2017,33(1):115-129
Time-sampling methodology was implemented to examine the prospective associations between affect, desire to gamble, and gambling behavior in individuals diagnosed with a mood disorder. Thirty (9 male, 21 female) adults with a lifetime diagnosis of a depressive or bipolar disorder diagnosis who endorsed current gambling and lifetime gambling harm participated in the present study. Participants completed electronic diary entries of their current affective state, desire to gamble, and gambling behavior for 30 consecutive days. Hierarchical linear modelling revealed that affect was not a predictor of gambling behavior. Instead, affect predicted the desire to gamble, with high levels of sadness and arousal independently predicting an increased desire to gamble. Desire to gamble predicted actual gambling behavior. There were no differences across diagnostic groups in terms of gambling motivations at baseline; however, during the 30-day period, participants with bipolar disorder endorsed gambling to cope with negative affect more often than did participants with depressive disorder, whereas those with depressive disorder more often endorsed gambling for social reasons or enhancement of positive affect. The present findings provide evidence that negative affect is not directly related to actual gambling behavior, and suggest that affective states rather impact the desire to gamble. 相似文献
216.
Tony Xing Tan Vernon L. S. Smith Aaron L. Norton 《Journal of gay & lesbian social services》2017,29(3):233-251
ABSTRACTWe investigated 163 (82.2% female; 73% White; and 91.4% heterosexual) mental health trainees' explicit and implicit attitudes toward heterosexual, lesbian, and gay White couples adopting and raising Black children. Explicit attitudes were assessed with a vignette depicting a Black child in need of a home. Implicit attitudes were assessed with the multifactor implicit association test (IAT) protocol. Explicit data showed that most participants indicated no strong family preference. However, IAT data showed that most trainees had implicit preference, with a moderate preference for lesbian couples over heterosexual couples and a moderate-to-strong preference for lesbian couples over gay couples. The trainees only demonstrated a very weak preference for heterosexual couples over gay couples. Overall, congruence between explicit and implicit is very low. Implications for training are discussed. 相似文献
217.
ABSTRACTFive academic libraries in Ontario (Canada) are collaborating in a shared last print copy repository project. The project, called Keep@Downsview, aims to consolidate and rationalize low-use print materials held by the partner libraries and ensure long-term preservation of these important scholarly materials in Ontario while still providing access via document delivery and ILL. In doing so, each of the partner institutions demonstrates its commitment to the stewardship of print collections for future generations while repurposing valuable space on campus. This article describes the background, rationale, challenges, and lessons learned for this unique Canadian project--which leveraged funding from the province of Ontario and the University of Toronto's high-density preservation facility at Downsview--and the commitment of all partners to preserve the scholarly record in Ontario. 相似文献
218.
In a recent paper in this journal, Dagsvik derives the class of independent random utility representations that are “equivalent” to the independence-from-irrelevant-alternatives (IIA) assumption by Luce (Individual choice behavior: a theoretical analysis. Wiley, New York, 1959). In this short note, we clarify the relations between this paper by Dagsvik, and a paper in Lindberg’s 2012 thesis. 相似文献
219.
Tony Chapman 《Policy Studies》2017,38(2):185-204
In recent years there has been much policy interest in the development of social investment initiatives. Many such proposals depend upon third sector organisations (TSOs) loaning working capital in order to bridge gaps in cash flow. Existing studies on the willingness of TSOs to borrow have tended to used selective samples, which may have led to an exaggeration of market demand. This article explores, with reference to robust evidence on the attitudes and behaviours of representative samples of TSOs from the Third Sector Trends Study in Northern England, the extent of interest in borrowing for a range of purposes including to buy or upgrade property, buy equipment or facilities, or borrow working capital. The article makes observations on current and future market demand for loans in light of the way that TSO leaders’ balance their dependence on given, earned and borrowed money. 相似文献
220.
Eleven forbs and three grasses native to Britain and eight forbs native to central and southern Europe were sown as mono-cultures into pots containing mixes of brick rubble, sand and sub-soil. All of the forbs are naturally associated with dry, unproductive habitats. The purpose of the study was to inform subsequent field experiments into the creation of florally attractive meadows on waste substrates associated with urban developments. Forbs of more southerly or continental distribution were included to see whether they possessed superior tolerance of drought prone substrates. Geographical origin had less of an effect on emergence characteristics than did plant type with native grasses demonstrating significantly greater emergence (p < 0.001) than native or non-native forbs. Native grasses demonstrated significantly higher survival (p = 0.009) than either native or non-native forbs. Native grasses also produced signficantly higher biomass (p = 0.024) than native forbs in the first growing season, with non-native forbs not significantly different from native grasses or native forbs. At this group level of comparison substrate only had a significant effect at p = 0.05 on seedling dry weight. The results are discussed in relation to the physical and chemical properties of the substrates, and an assessment is made of the implications of the study for future works. 相似文献