Social affinity among top managerial executives of large corporations in Korea

Korea is a society subject to quite diverse social forces. Modernization should encourage reform, but the yoke of tradition restrains this tendency. This paper examines the patterns of preferential treatment of executives, based on family, school, and regional ties, by the owners of large Jaebol corporations in Korea. We found that about 21% of the total number of executive positions in the large corporations were occupied by individuals who had some type of family tie with the owners of the corporations. Also, there is a strong tendency of corporation owners to employ the executives of the same regional origin of birth as their own, but the affinity based on school ties was not as strong as that of regional origin. The findings of this study seem to support the arguments of previous studies that claimed a trust factor as a main cause of social similarity and affinity between the owners and executives in corporations.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, August 17–22, 1987, Chicago, Illinois.     

中国碳交易市场回顾与展望

2017年12月19日,首先纳入发电行业的全国碳排放权交易体系正式启动,1万吨标煤的准入门槛使全国碳市场几乎涵盖了所有主要火电企业。全国碳市场短期内虽然不会产生明显效果,但长期来看,将通过倒逼发电行业优化结构来促进低碳发展。对中国碳市场建设的相关政策发展及进程进行梳理,分析各个试点碳市场的市场表现及履约情况,通过对其配额和CCER交易情况进行总结,分析各个试点市场的政策效果,并对全国碳市场的发展进行展望。截至2017年12月底,全国7个试点的碳市场累计完成线上配额交易量逾1.35亿吨,达成交易额逾20亿元,为全国碳市场的建立积累了一定的经验。2017年,7个试点碳市场交易活跃度有所提高,但依然存在大量交易集中于履约期前后的情况。重庆碳市场一改以往低迷的市场表现,交易量和活跃度增加迅速;天津碳市场因全年长时间休市,交易量较低;湖北超过广东成为交易量最大的试点碳市场,交易集中度也为7个试点中最低。2018年是全国碳市场的基础建设期,各试点碳市场将继续并行运行,全国碳市场在实际的配额交易前将进行为期一年左右的模拟交易。碳市场的机制设计是一个需要不断完善的过程,要真正发挥全国碳市场降低碳减排成本和促进碳排放量下降的作用还需要至少两三年的时间。     

A Proportional Random Utility Approach to Qualitative Response Models

A new functional form of the response probability for a qualitative response model is proposed. The new model is flexible enough to avoid the constraint of independence from irrelevant alternatives, which is perceived as a weakness of the multinomial logit model in some applications. It is computationally simpler than the multinomial probit model and is promising for analyzing problems with a moderate number of alternatives.     

Outlier detection in linear models: a comparative study in simple linear regression

Five widely used test statistics for detecting outliers and influential observations were studied using Monte Carlo method . The test statistic based on Studentized residuals, with critical values given by Tietjen, Moore and Beckman (1973), appears to be the best procedure for detecting a single outlier in simple linear regression.     

The Influence of Parent Expectations and Parent-Child Relationships on Mental Health in Asian American and White American Families

Previous studies have suggested that Asian parents’ high academic expectations can lead to negative mental health outcomes among Asian American youth. We explore this hypothesis by analyzing data collected in an affluent, suburban high school with a large Asian American population. We examine the relationships between parent expectations, students’ relationships with their parents, and mental health outcomes among Asian American (predominantly Indian American and Chinese American) and white youth. We find that the quality of parent-child relationships is associated with mental health outcomes and that the association between parent expectations and mental health outcomes is insignificant after controlling for these relationships. We discuss significant differences by race and gender. The findings presented expand our understanding of the influence of Asian parents. They suggest that focusing on improving parent-child relationships, as opposed to altering parents’ expectations, might lead to improved mental health outcomes for Asian American youth, particularly for those in affluent communities.     

More than Money: The Importance of Social Exchanges for Temporary Low-Skilled Migrant Workers’ Workplace Satisfaction

Research has focused on the happiness of immigrants, but the workplace satisfaction of temporary low-skilled migrant workers has rarely been explored. By utilizing survey data for two years, 2010 and 2013, along with interviews with migrant workers, we explored how economic or social factors could trigger diverse impacts on the satisfaction of temporary low-skilled migrant workers in different work environments. Results showed that economic factors triggered more notable impacts in 2010, while the importance of social factors increased with improvements in work environments in 2013. The results indicated that moving motive premises and social exchange theory effectively explain attitudes of temporary low-skilled migrant workers. Theoretical and practical contributions and suggestions of the results are also included.     

电视剧《甄嫘传》在台湾的影响探析

电视剧《甄娠传》在内地持续火爆，其热潮也在台湾蔓延开来。《甄娠传》不仅在2012年至2013年期间七度重播，收视率超过台湾许多自制剧和同时段的综艺节目，“甄娠热”还成为岛内热议的话题。此番《甄娠传》在台热播，不仅是值得关注的影视领域的新现象，围绕《甄娠传》在台湾各界引起的争议，还反映出两岸文化交流方面的某些信号，更是值得研究和思考。     

Modified Shewhart Charts for High Yield Processes

The conventional Shewhart p or np chart is not effective for monitoring a high yield process, a process in which the defect level is close to zero. An improved Shewhart np chart for monitoring high yield processes is proposed. A review of control charts for monitoring high yield processes is first given. The run length performance of the proposed Shewhart chart is then compared with other high yield control charts. A simple procedure for designing the chart for processes subjected to sampling or 100% continuous inspection is provided and this allows the chart to be implemented easily on the factory floor. The practical aspects of implementation of the Shewhart chart are discussed. An application of the Shewhart chart based on a real data set is demonstrated.