中国文艺思想的"梦思维"——古典文论阅读札记

梦,作为人类的一种特殊类精神现象,一直受到人们的重视,特别是弗洛伊德梦的解析理论出现后,"梦意识"在现代思想领域引起了巨大反响,推动了西方现代文艺美学的发生和发展.正是在这种背景下,唤醒了我们对于中国古代"梦思维"的兴趣和关注.所谓中国的"梦思维",既是对中国传统文献、特别是文论中一系列有关梦的认识与理论观念的辨析,也是打通中国文论与西方文论在有关梦意识方面隔膜的一种努力,试图在不同文化理论之间搭起一座桥梁.     

Childhood family structure and young adult behaviors

This paper examines a wide variety of forms, and full histories, of family structure to test existing theories of family influences and identify needs for new theories. The focus is on links between childhood family structure and both completed schooling and risk of a nonmarital birth. Using a 27-year span of panel (PSID) data for U.S. children, we find that: (a) change is stressful, (b) timing during childhood is relevant, (c) adults other than parents are important, and (d) two more recently studied family structures (mother-with-grandparent(s) and mother-with-stepfather) do not fit the molds of existing theories. The findings suggest that new theories should consider allocation of resources and reasons people group into family structures. Received: 11 September 1998/Accepted: 27 March 2000     

楚文化的特点及影响

楚文化是我国古文化的重要一支 ,它是以江汉地区为中心 ,在原始宗教、巫术、神话的沃土中发展起来的一支由楚人创造的具有浓郁地方色彩的开放而多元的南国文化。原始楚文化以神巫性、浪漫性、卓然不屈的文化精神的总体特征 ,对文学加以渗透 ,形成了南楚文学的独特风格 ,为后世中华民族灿烂文化的形成和发展做出了突出贡献     

萨满教与北方少数民族的人生仪礼

本文认为 ,人生仪礼是在人生的重要转折时期或危机时期 ,如生死婚嫁等一个人一生中具有特殊意义的阶段上举行的民俗仪礼。在信仰萨满教的民族中 ,各种人生仪礼活动几乎都和萨满教发生一定的关系。     

空间结构演化与长江三角洲先进制造业新一轮技术创新的联动战略

本文运用空间经济学的技术扩散理论,对长江三角洲内部具有高度技术联系和地理上又紧密相邻的沪苏锡先进制造业的产值、资产、利润、技术开发经费和开发人员等指标作了一次细致的研究。几乎所有的统计数据表明,未来数年,沪苏锡先进制造业的发展重点将从"资本深化"向"技术深化"转型,预示着制造业结构一场重大变动阶段的到来。区域内部技术资源的高度集聚性和空间毗邻性意味着可供利用的创新资源存量正在超速增长,采取鼓励增加技术投资以及推动知识和技术等生产要素在区域内部和区域之间自由流动的政策是一定能够提高先进制造业的技术创新率,并且可以将新的技术创新成果扩散到更广阔的区域,获取更大的技术创新效益和促进更快的工业结构升级。     

政治平等:神话还是现实——政治平等的内在逻辑与实现路径的规范分析

政治平等指所有受政府公共政策影响的公民在政府公共政策的制定、执行、评估中享有平等的机会,具有大致相同的影响力。政治平等是公民有尊严地生活的内在要求,是社会正义得以实现的政治条件,是政治共同体维系政治团结的重要基础。在现实政治生活中,一些人认为政治平等的要求是不合理的、难以实现的、难以测量的,可能会侵犯其他政治价值。实现政治平等,需要实现某种程度的经济平等,同时要限制经济不平等对政治平等的影响,保障社会弱势群体的公民权,公平配置代表权。     

Religious Involvement and Participation in Volunteering: Types,Domains and Aggregate

Prior research on investigating the religion–volunteering relationship has tended to commonly treat religious involvement as single-item measures, e.g., frequency of church attendance, and has defined volunteering as a simple dummy variable (1 = volunteers, 0 = otherwise). The present study attempted to look at the above relationship by measuring religious involvement as a multifaceted and multi-item measure and volunteering as engaging in different types of voluntary activity, and specific domains and overall aggregate of volunteering. The results based on a statewide representative sample from the Survey of Texas Adults 2004 showed that religious involvement was generally and significantly related to higher volunteering across voluntary types, domains, and aggregate count of volunteering, but varied in magnitude contingent on the types and domains being examined. In addition, the religious effects were held even adjusting for a variety of pertinent socio-demographic and denominational characteristics, in which these background characteristics are more dynamic in relation to volunteering than we knew. Implications of the findings related to social services and policy making are discussed.     

A direct procedure for monitoring the coefficient of variation using a variable sample size scheme

A variable sample size (VSS) scheme directly monitoring the coefficient of variation (CV), instead of monitoring the transformed statistics, is proposed. Optimal chart parameters are computed based on two criteria: (i) minimizing the out-of-control ARL (ARL₁) and (ii) minimizing the out-of-control ASS (ASS₁). Then the performances are compared between these two criteria. The advantages of the proposed chart over the VSS chart based on the transformed statistics in the existing literature are: the former (i) provides an easier alternative as no transformation is involved and (ii) requires less number of observations to detect a shift when ASS₁ is minimized.     

Monitoring the coefficient of variation using a variable sample size and sampling interval control chart

This article proposes a CV chart by using the variable sample size and sampling interval (VSSI) feature to improve the performance of the basic CV chart, for detecting small and moderate shifts in the CV. The proposed VSSI CV chart is designed by allowing the sample size and the sampling interval to vary. The VSSI CV chart's statistical performance is measured by using the average time to signal (ATS) and expected average time to signal (EATS) criteria and is compared with that of existing CV charts. The Markov chain approach is employed in the design of the chart.