以市场为导向的创新人才培养模式探析

针对新时期我国经济向高质量发展转型的实际背景,结合现有高校创新人才培养过程中应重视的问题,探析了以市场为导向,以高新技术产品为驱动的创新人才培养模式.有利于激发学生的创新意识,挖掘学生的创新潜能;促进和提升学生创新精神和创新能力的培养质量,建立"调研、激发、培养、发展"的全过程培养体系;调动学生的科技创新积极性,提高学生的综合素质,为高校保质保量完成科技创新人才培养任务提供新的思路和实践方法.     

走向双性化的性别角色教育

性别角色教育的缺失和单性化的性别角色教育是当前性别角色教育中存在的两种误区.贝姆的性别角色发展模式理论和性别角色与心理适应的实证研究为实施双性化的性别角色教育提供了理论依据,通过家庭教育、学校教育以及社会教育的共同努力进行双性化的性别角色教育是造就适应社会发展、推动社会进步的优秀人才的一种有意义的尝试.     

Heteroscedastic Regression Models and Applications to Off-line Quality Control

We discuss in the present paper the analysis of heteroscedastic regression models and their applications to off-line quality control problems. It is well known that the method of pseudo-likelihood is usually preferred to full maximum likelihood since estimators of the parameters in the regression function obtained are more robust to misspecification of the variance function. Despite its popularity, however, existing theoretical results are difficult to apply and are of limited use in many applications. Using more recent results in estimating equations, we obtain an efficient algorithm for computing the pseudo-likelihood estimator with desirable convergence properties and also derive simple, explicit and easy to apply asymptotic results. These results are used to look in detail at variance minimization in off-line quality control, yielding techniques of inferences for the optimized design parameter. In application of some existing approaches to off-line quality control, such as the dual response methodology, rigorous statistical inference techniques are scarce and difficult to obtain. An example of off-line quality control is presented to discuss the practical aspects involved in the application of the results obtained and to address issues such as data transformation, model building and the optimization of design parameters. The analysis shows very encouraging results, and is seen to be able to unveil some important information not found in previous analyses.     

Statistical inference for start-up demonstration tests with rejection of units upon observing d failures

In this paper, we consider the statistical inference for the success probability in the case of start-up demonstration tests in which rejection of units is possible when a pre-fixed number of failures is observed before the required number of consecutive successes are achieved for acceptance of the unit. Since the expected value of the stopping time is not a monotone function of the unknown parameter, the method of moments is not useful in this situation. Therefore, we discuss two estimation methods for the success probability: (1) the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) via the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm and (2) Bayesian estimation with a beta prior. We examine the small-sample properties of the MLE and Bayesian estimator. Finally, we present an example to illustrate the method of inference discussed here.     

SPECTRAL ANALYSIS IN BUSINESS FORECASTING: THE WIENER-KOLMOGOROV METHOD *

The objective of this paper is to introduce the Wiener-Kolmogorov (WK) method to business researchers and to applied workers who have an interest in spectral techniques. It is seen that the advantage of the WK method is that it provides better forecasts than autoregressive regression analysis when the order of the true autoregressive process is large. The paper outlines the steps involved in the WK method. Also discussed is a labor-saving feature to guide one at the outset as to whether the WK algorithm should be used. A numerical example is given to illustrate the application of the method in time-series forecasting.     

基于企业内部市场的竞争合作网络：特征及其构建

竞争与合作是企业内部市场交易主体之间的两种基本关系,过度强调竞争会破坏企业的分工合作特性.本文认为,采用内部市场机制的企业,需要建立一种基于价值创造过程的、由各类主体和运行机制构成的、具有全息式信息传递功能和动态演进特性的竞争合作网络.     

Individual and situational correlates of motivation for skills upgrading: an empirical study

The present research examines the tenability of a number of factors thought to precede an individual's motivation for skills upgrading. Because motivation for skills upgrading is instrumental to training success and is highly malleable, knowing the factors that precede motivation for skills upgrading would help managers and policy makers a great deal in formulating strategies to raise the competitiveness of the workforce. We derive several testable hypotheses from the existing literature and empirically verify the selected antecedents of motivation for skills upgrading. Results based on responses from 413 employees suggest that an individual's attitude towards skills upgrading, self-efficacy, usefulness of skills upgrading, health condition and long-term orientation are positively related to motivation for skills upgrading. Implications for policy makers, managers and researchers are discussed.     

Understanding the social and cultural bases of Brexit*

We use data from a large scale and nationally representative survey to evaluate two narratives about the social bases of Brexit. The first narrative sees Brexit as a revolt of the economically left-behinds. The second narrative attributes Brexit to the resurgence of an English nationalism. There is some, albeit not always consistent, evidence that people in relative poverty or those living in areas that have seen greater Chinese import penetration are slightly more pro-Leave. People living in economically deprived neighborhoods are not more pro-Brexit. Using the Weberian class–status distinction, it is social status, not social class, which stratifies Brexit support. Individuals for whom being British is important are more pro-Leave. But those who see themselves as British rather than English, and those reporting omnivorous cultural consumption are less supportive of Brexit. Overall, there is empirical support for both narratives. But the weight of the evidence suggests a strong cultural dimension in Brexit support.