The Relation Between Therapeutic Alliance and Treatment Motivation in Residential Youth Care: A Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis

This study investigated the longitudinal relation between therapeutic alliance and treatment motivation in a sample of 174 adolescents receiving residential treatment in the Netherlands. Structural equation modeling with a cross-lagged panel design was used to examine the relation between therapeutic alliance and treatment motivation up to 9 months of treatment. Results revealed that autoregressive associations between initial therapeutic alliance and alliance at subsequent time points were significant, whereas for treatment motivation a significant association was found after 6 months, but not after 9 months. Results also showed that a higher level of therapeutic alliance after 3 months was predictive of a higher level of treatment motivation after 6 months. Furthermore, a higher level of therapeutic alliance after 6 months was predictive of a higher level of treatment motivation after 9 months. Implications for research and clinical practice are discussed.     

来自大洋彼岸的“抗艾战士”

把健康带给更多的人，这是谢尔的希望。对他来说，诊治病人只是—方面：医务人员艾滋病教育培训、医学教育改革让他看到了更多的希望。     

新时代中学生核心素养培育的实然困境与应然路径

核心素养培育是落实立德树人根本任务的关键环节,对促进处于青春期的中学生成长成才具有至关重要的作用.立足新时代教育形势,需要再次重塑核心素养概念的应然图景,重新梳理与厘定新时代视域下核心素养的基本特征与内容,以求还原核心素养概念的真实样貌.回归现实,社会的多变使中学生核心素养培育面临来自新媒体、新环境与新手段的冲击与挑战,新媒体的显现是对传统核心素养培育方式的再次冲击,新环境的融入是对教师队伍内在功底的重大考验,新手段的选用是对中学生核心素养培育的重新要求.为此,为有效提升中学生核心素养培育工作效能,应以新媒体、新环境与新手段为切入点,创新中学生核心素养培育的教学方式,构建中学生核心素养培育的教学体系及打造中学生核心素养培育的生态空间,以求实现中学生核心素养培育的真正回归.     

Disruption in Parental Co-habitation and its Effects on Short-Term,Medium-Term,and Long-Term Outcomes of Adolescents

In this paper the relationships between a disruption in parental co-habitation and various categories of adolescent outcomes over multiple time horizons are explored. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), we estimated the effects of a change from living with both parents to just one, on academic and employment outcomes, the likelihood to indulge in risky behaviors, mental health outcomes and body mass index measures, from less than 1 year to over 14 years after the change. Propensity score matching methods were used to control for individual characteristics and pre-existing differences in the family environment that may increase the chances of separation, and the results are compared to those obtained using ordinary least squares or probit methods. Results showed evidence of adverse effects of living with one parent in the short term, medium term and long term. Adolescents living with one parent had lower academic achievement in all term lengths, poor mental health in the short to medium term, and were more likely to engage in risky behaviors in the medium to long term.     

The FastHCS algorithm for robust PCA

Principal component analysis (PCA) is widely used to analyze high-dimensional data, but it is very sensitive to outliers. Robust PCA methods seek fits that are unaffected by the outliers and can therefore be trusted to reveal them. FastHCS (high-dimensional congruent subsets) is a robust PCA algorithm suitable for high-dimensional applications, including cases where the number of variables exceeds the number of observations. After detailing the FastHCS algorithm, we carry out an extensive simulation study and three real data applications, the results of which show that FastHCS is systematically more robust to outliers than state-of-the-art methods.     

Can Corruption Erode Confidence in Political Institutions Among European Countries? Comparing the Effects of Different Measures of Perceived Corruption

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of corruption on institutional confidence through testing alternative perceptions-based indexes of corruption. Scholars who have investigated this topic have often employed only indicators of corruption based on experts’ surveys. In this article we also consider a new index of corruption developed aggregating citizens’ perceptions. The first part of the paper explores the levels of corruption perceived by the citizens of EU member states, stressing the differences with the experts’ opinions. The second part tests, through a multivariate analysis, the impact of citizens’ and experts’ perceptions-based indexes of corruption on institutional confidence. The main results show that experts and citizens tend to express similar opinions on the extent of corruption in EU member states though, especially in some countries, these actors present some noticeable differences. Nevertheless, irrespective of the indexes used, more corrupt countries are characterized by lower levels of confidence in parliament and government. This relationship holds even controlling for the presence of reverse causality between corruption and confidence.     

Adaptive modeling of the human-environment relationship applied to estimation of the population carrying capacity in an earthquake zone

Natural catastrophes such as earthquakes can, in addition to causing loss of life, disrupt the urbanization process through the need for forced population redistribution and the modification of resource and environmental carrying capacity. The population carrying capacity (PCC) of an altered environment following an earthquake is a crucial determinant in the relocation of displaced persons. We use data adaptive methods to model the correlation between the physical environment and human population density in estimating PCC in areas affected by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. Comparing actual population distributions with ideal population distributions allows for the identification of villages where population exceeds PCC, or conversely, areas where the environment can support a higher population. Such a comparison can provide the basis for a relocation plan, a critical element of post-catastrophe policy-making.     

Wird die Relevanz von Ertragsteuern für die Unternehmensrechnung nach rechtlichen oder ökonomischen Kriterien beurteilt?

Textbooks in the areas of Management Accounting, Finance and Valuation treat taxes very differently. Finance and Valuation increasingly consider tax effects. Management Accounting considers taxes only if they meet certain legal “cost” criteria. These criteria follow tax law rules, but not economic rules and primarily consider tax effects of the local business tax only. This view is also reflected in recent cost accounting regulations. We present evidence from a survey of managers and chambers of commerce, according to which practitioners’ views of whether the local business tax is a cost are heterogeneous. The majority of managers do not consider the local business tax as a cost and do not pass it on to customers. The chambers of commerce however still consider the local business tax as a cost.     

被神经性毒剂染毒的蛋白IgG中有机磷加合物的研究

本文对IgG与神经性毒剂的加合物进行了研究。用过量的神经性毒剂(沙林、梭曼、VX、环沙林)对IgG(人、大鼠IgG)进行体外染毒,用胰蛋白酶进行酶解,所得样品用Q Exactive LC-MS/MS方法进行分析鉴定,发现了IgG与神经性毒剂的加合物肽段。其中,从人的IgG中发现了4个被标记的肽段,从大鼠的IgG中发现了1个被标记的肽段,另外,还从肽段的二级谱图中发现了酪氨酸加合物的特征离子碎片。本文首次发现了被神经性毒剂标记的IgG肽段,进而说明IgG是鉴定神经性毒剂中毒的一类重要的标记蛋白。     

Decomposition of Changes in Korean Wage Inequality, 1998–2007

South Korea experienced a steep increase in wage inequality between the Asian financial crisis in 1997 and the global financial crisis in 2008. This paper investigates the causes of the sharp change during that time period by looking at the contributions of changes in the distributions of schooling and unionization. The effects are estimated applying two robust distributional function based decomposition methods on Korean Labor and Panel Survey data for the time period 1998–2007. The results suggest changes in the distribution of schooling can explain about 10 % of the changes in the 90/50 percentile wage gap. The declining unionization rate does not have much impact on the upward trend of Korean wage inequality. In addition, aggregate decomposition results suggest that changes in labor force composition can explain a significant proportion of the total wage changes in the upper-tail of the distribution. Based on our findings we provide a list of policy recommendations to address the wage inequality issue in Korea.