MONEY AND PRODUCT QUALITY UNDER ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION

This article examines the effects of money on product quality, as well as the price pattern of heterogeneous quality goods, in a search‐theoretical monetary model with divisible money and divisible commodities. We establish the existence and uniqueness/multiplicity of monetary equilibrium in several different cases. The steady‐state equilibrium of our model displays several properties that are absent or distinct from those of previous studies. In particular, we find that under egalitarian bargaining, the Friedman rule cannot achieve socially efficient allocation due to asymmetric information. We find that the price of informed high‐quality goods is higher than the price of uninformed quality goods. We also find that an increase in inflation can improve product quality. (JEL E40)     

城市社会的城市化——东北和广东省的经验

中国东北三省和广东省比全国早10~20年进入城市型社会。本文利用2000-2014年的面板数据,分析了东北地区和广东省进入城市社会以后城市化的动力问题。研究发现,在城市社会的初级阶段,城乡收入差距、人均收入、流动人口和城镇登记失业率对城市化仍发挥重要作用;城乡居民消费水平差距对城市化的作用不显著;工业化对城市化的动力作用已经释放完毕,甚至显示出负向变动关系;国有投资比重整体上未通过模型检验,但尚不能断言国有经济拖累城市化进程;对外贸易对城市化的影响不显著,而外商直接投资对城市化有挤出效应;固定资产投资、政府干预对城市化速度的推动作用不显著甚至为负。与进入城市社会之前相比,城市化的传统动能仍然较强,新型城镇化动能不足。     

Geometry and Degrees of Freedom of Linearly Constrained Generalized Lasso

The least squares fit in a linear regression is always unique even when the design matrix has rank deficiency. In this paper, we extend this classic result to linearly constrained generalized lasso. It is shown that under a mild condition, the fit can be represented as a projection onto a polytope and, hence, is unique no matter whether design matrix X has full column rank or not. Furthermore, a formula for the degrees of freedom is derived to characterize the effective number of parameters. It directly yields an unbiased estimate of degrees of freedom, which can be incorporated in an information criterion for model selection.     

On Motzkin–Straus type results for non-uniform hypergraphs

Recently, some extensions of Motzkin–Straus theorems were proved for non-uniform hypergraphs whose edges contain 1 or r vertices in Gu et al. (J Comb Optim 31:223–238, 2016), Peng et al. (Discret Appl Math 200:170–175, 2016a), where r is a given integer. It would be interesting if similar results hold for other non-uniform hypergraphs. In this paper, we establish some Motzkin–Straus type results for general non-uniform hypergraphs. In particular, we obtain some Motzkin–Straus type results in terms of the Lagrangian of non-uniform hypergraphs when there exist some edges consisting of 2 vertices in the given hypergraphs. The presented results unify some known Motzkin–Straus type results for both uniform and non-uniform hypergraphs and also provide solutions to a class of polynomial optimization problems over the standard simplex in Euclidean space.     

技术进步、人力资本与经济增长关系的实证检验

文章采用面板联立方程实证模型(SEM)对技术进步、人力资本与经济增长之间的关系进行研究.借助Stata计量软件,以中国23大城市群的经验数据为样本,将城市群划分为东、中、西三大区域进行实证检验,实证结果与理论推导基本吻合:中国城市群中,技术进步与人力资本间存在相互促进关系.技术进步、人力资本促进经济的增长.     

中国失能老人长期照护服务使用的影响因素分析——基于安德森健康行为模型的实证研究

文章利用2014年中国老人健康长寿跟踪调查数据(CLHLS),将安德森健康行为模型作为理论框架剖析中国失能老年人群对长期照护服务使用的影响因素.实证研究表明:安德森模型中的3类变量中只有使能因素和需求因素对服务的选择产生了显著影响,前倾因素则不显著.据此,文章得出与前人研究不同的结论:在中国当前的现实情境和文化背景下,老人对于长期照护服务的使用更多的是受到客观环境的影响,即便个人有使用某种健康服务的特征和倾向,但仍受制于政策环境、个人与家庭能力以及健康状况等能力和需求要素.此外,文章引入家庭照料者意愿这一变量,对安德森模型进行本土化改造的探索,并对服务需求评估工具、家庭发展能力和社区服务未来走向等内容进行深入探讨.     

Higher-order expansions of extremes from mixed skew-t distribution

In this article, we study the asymptotic behaviors of the extreme of mixed skew-t distribution. We consider limits on distribution and density of maximum of mixed skew-t distribution under linear and power normalizations, and further derive their higher-order expansions, respectively. Examples are given to support our findings.     

十大城市群城市综合承载力及要素耦合度特征分析

城市群的发展已经成为国家发展战略的重要组成部分.文章以十大城市群104座城市为研究对象,通过构建城市综合承载力评价模型和要素耦合度模型,借助SPSS17.0统计分析工具,得出十大城市群城市综合承载力及其要素耦合度时空分异特征.得出以下结论:我国十大城市群综合承载力以2008年为转折点,整体呈现先减后增的趋势;二是我国城市负荷能力整体较低,区域发展进一步失衡;三是十大城市群综合承载力及要素耦合度呈现出“双高”、“双低”和“非协同”三种发展时空格局.     

中西部地区人口就近城镇化意愿的代际-性别差异研究

基于对中西部地区15个省份农业转移人口就近城镇化意愿的问卷调查数据,以社会认同度为研究视角,构建多群组结构方程模型,实证分析了中西部地区人口就近城镇化意愿的代际差异、性别差异及其主要影响因素。研究结果表明:中西部地区农业转移人口就近城镇化意愿整体偏低,农业转移人口的个人特征对其就近城镇化意愿的影响存在明显差异;不同代际及性别的农业转移人口的社会认同度与其就近城镇化意愿显著正相关,且第一代女性农业转移人口受到的影响作用更明显。从各项指标来看,新生代农业转移人口的就近城镇化意愿受职业技能水平、子女教育状况、职业升迁机会、户籍状况、与市民的关系、工作环境、工作时长、居住条件等因素的影响均大于第一代农业转移人口。女性农业转移人口更关注子女教育水平、工作环境、工作时长、居住条件和物价水平。     

年龄不实之保险合同的法律规制——以《保险法》第32条第2、3款为中心

在年龄不实导致投保人短交保险费的情况下,中国《保险法》规定,保险人享有要求投保人补交保费或比例赔付的选择权,而真正享有选择权的主体应当是投保人.保险法的规定导致保险人在保险事故已经发生的情况下更愿选择比例赔付,这对投保人有失公允,应当例外规定,若保险人对年龄不实存有过失,则投保人可以选择补交保费.在年龄不实导致投保人溢交保费的情况下,中国《保险法》仅规定了退还保险费一种处理方式,这一规定堵塞了双方当事人协商按照比例增加保险金的途径,应当赋予保险人退还保险费或按照比例增加保险金额的选择权.保险人选择退还溢交之保险费时,应一并退还溢交保险费之利息.保险人故意导致溢交保费的,应当按照比例增加保险金额.