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41.
Abstract. The marginal density of a first order moving average process can be written as a convolution of two innovation densities. Saavedra & Cao [Can. J. Statist. (2000), 28, 799] propose to estimate the marginal density by plugging in kernel density estimators for the innovation densities, based on estimated innovations. They obtain that for an appropriate choice of bandwidth the variance of their estimator decreases at the rate 1/ n . Their estimator can be interpreted as a specific U -statistic. We suggest a slightly simplified U -statistic as estimator of the marginal density, prove that it is asymptotically normal at the same rate, and describe the asymptotic variance explicitly. We show that the estimator is asymptotically efficient if no structural assumptions are made on the innovation density. For innovation densities known to have mean zero or to be symmetric, we describe improvements of our estimator which are again asymptotically efficient. 相似文献
42.
In this paper we develop optimized localization strategies for multinational firms to overcome their liability of foreignness by adding a regional dimension within a country. We explore conceptually whether economic stress in a region has a mitigating or reinforcing effect. We test this analytical framework empirically on the highly internationalized German car market and find that intra-national regions under economic stress are more promising markets for foreign car manufacturers as the effects of liability of foreignness are significantly lower there. 相似文献
43.
The main problem in applying the mean-variance portfolio selection consists of the fact that the first
two moments of the asset returns are unknown. In practice the optimal portfolio weights have to be estimated.
This is usually done by replacing the moments by the classical unbiased sample estimators. We provide a comparison
of the exact and the asymptotic distributions of the estimated portfolio weights as well as a sensitivity
analysis to shifts in the moments of the asset returns. Furthermore we consider several types of shrinkage
estimators for the moments. The corresponding estimators of the portfolio weights are compared with each
other and with the portfolio weights based on the sample estimators of the moments. We show how the uncertainty
about the portfolio weights can be introduced into the performance measurement of trading strategies. The
methodology explains the bad out-of-sample performance of the classical Markowitz procedures. 相似文献
44.
In this article, we present and explain a bio-psycho-social model of successful aging with subjective well-being as a criterion
of a successful aging process. We focus on physical activity because it is a crucial behavior. Physical activity can support
successful aging in two different ways: first, due to its physiological and cognitive effects, and Second, an older person
can enhance subjective well-being (SWB) while being physically active. The model points out that an older person can regulate
SWB. To do this, an older person should set and pursue personally and culturally valued goals. The strength of the association
between setting a goal and goal pursuance, respectively, and SWB depends on the extent a person is able to satisfy psychological
needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness). But, the decision as to which goal will be set and pursued does not belong to the
older person exclusively. The bio-psycho-social model explains that the chance to enhance SWB is restricted by personal dispositions
(e.g., physiological constitution, psychological factors) and social–structural constraints (e.g., predominant stereotype
of aging, facilities especially for target groups).
Funding credit: Landesstiftung Baden Württemberg gGmbH [Landesstiftung Foundation] 相似文献
45.
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47.
In this paper, the focus is on sequential analysis of multivariate financial time series with heavy tails. The mean vector and the covariance matrix of multivariate non linear models are simultaneously monitored by modifying conventional control charts to identify structural changes in the data. The considered target process is a constant conditional correlation model (cf. Bollerslev, 1990), an extended constant conditional correlation model (cf. He and Teräsvirta, 2004), a dynamic conditional correlation model (cf. Engle, 2002), or a generalized dynamic conditional correlation model (cf. Capiello et al., 2006). For statistical surveillance we use control charts based on residuals. Further, the procedures are constructed for t-distribution. The detection speed of these charts is compared via Monte Carlo simulation. In the empirical study, the procedure with the best performance is applied to log-returns of the stock market indices FTSE and CAC. 相似文献
48.
Wolfgang Ludwig‐Mayerhofer Olaf Behrend Ariadne Sondermann 《Social Policy & Administration》2014,48(5):594-612
This article fills a gap in the existing literature by investigating how public employment service (PES) staff actually deal with their clients under a continental regime of activation. The results reported here are based on interviews both with PES staff and their unemployed clients in Germany. We argue that due to its Bismarckian origins as an insurance‐based system of ‘unemployment protection’, Germany's system of unemployment compensation is attractive not only for the marginalized, but also for core workers. As a result, PES staff deal with clients from very heterogeneous class backgrounds. We demonstrate that social class is a significant factor in client outcomes, and that earlier research has perhaps overemphasized the role of frontline staff as ‘street‐level bureaucrats’. While staff do have considerable power, the result of the encounters between the administration and clients also depends on the capabilities of the clients, which, in turn, are strongly related to social class. 相似文献
49.
Andrea Maurer Peter Imbusch Dirk Baier Klaus Boehnke Manuela Pötschke Henning Best Annette von Alemann Birgit Riegraf Corinna Onnen-Isemann Juliane Achatz Peter H. Hartmann Nicole Burzan Markus Klein Jens Aderhold Gerd Nollmann Arnold Wilts Mike Steffen Schäfer Christoph Görg Alexandra Manzei Christian Stegbauer Horst Pöttker Günter Endruweit Heiner Meulemann Heinz Sahner Erhard Stölting Wolfgang Lauterbach 《KZfSS K?lner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie》2006,58(2):364-406
50.
Richard J. Bischoff A. Jay McKeel Sidney M. Moon Douglas H. Sprenkle 《Journal of marital and family therapy》1996,22(3):359-379
Using qualitative research methodology, the authors developed an in-session therapeutic procedure called the therapist-conducted consultation (TCC) which is designed to enhance the therapist-client collaborative relationship. In the TCC, the therapist and client(s) relinquish their traditional roles and discuss the client's treatment. During this process, clients are invited to (a) share their perspective of treatment, (b) assess whether treatment is meeting their goals, and (c) suggest how treatment could change to improve their experience. The three-stage model of the TCC that resulted from the research is presented with a case example. 相似文献