论休闲与社会进步

在物质文明飞速发展的今天,高度文明的精神生活已成为人们追求的目标。人逐渐学会一种使人真正成为人的生活方式,这便是休闲。休闲是人类文明发展和“以人为本”的体现,也是社会进步的需要。     

对先进教育理念内涵分析及先导作用的理性思考

本文从理论上分析先进教育理念的内涵、特征以及形成过程,先进教育理念的先导作用.提出了如何运用先进教育理念的导向作用指导教育、教学活动,全面推进教学改革,提高教学质量和办学水平,为本科教学的发展提供动力和保障.     

International guidelines and the inclusion of disabled people. The Ugandan story

Uganda has made much progress towards including disabled people in its mainstream development, particularly in the political agenda. The exact process by which this has been achieved and the relationship between this and international guidelines and legislation are not known. This study undertakes to examine this from two specific perspectives: (1) How do international documents relevant to disabled people relate to national legislation in Uganda? (2) What can this comparison, together with the perceptions of stakeholders, tell us about how the legislation and services could improve? International legislation and Ugandan legislation is reviewed and compared. Data from 5 semi‐structured key informant interviews and 6 focus group discussions involving a total of 38 people are collected and analysed. The themes arising from the data are related to the documents, legislation, policies and other relevant literature. The results examine the barriers to service provision; the role of change; the importance of representation; policy and legislation issues; and the effects of devolution. Five specific findings relate to how legislation and services can improve: more resources to increase access for disabled people; strong leadership and collaboration between Disabled People’s Organisations (DPOs) funding bodies and governments; awareness raising and training; representation from all impairment groups; and raising the profile of disabled people through further legislation.     

MODEL-ASSISTED HIGHER-ORDER CALIBRATION OF ESTIMATORS OF VARIANCE

In survey sampling, interest often centres on inference for the population total using information about an auxiliary variable. The variance of the estimator used plays a key role in such inference. This study develops a new set of higher‐order constraints for the calibration of estimators of variance for various estimators of the population total. The proposed strategy requires an appropriate model for describing the relationship between the response and auxiliary variable, and the variance of the auxiliary variable. It is therefore referred to as a model‐assisted approach. Several new estimators of variance, including the higher‐order calibration estimators of the variance of the ratio and regression estimators suggested by Singh, Horn & Yu and Sitter & Wu are special cases of the proposed technique. The paper presents and discusses the results of an empirical study to compare the performance of the proposed estimators and existing counterparts.     

新形势下蔬菜学创新型、创业型人才的培养

蔬菜业已经成为当今我国发展最快最活跃的产业之一.论文首次提出了新形势下蔬菜学创新型、创业型人才培养的命题,分析了新形势下蔬菜学创新型、创业型人才培养的历史背景、现状及其必要性,总结了蔬菜学创新型、创业型人才的基本特征,在明确培养目标、实施分层培养、强化实践教学、改进教学方法、提倡教师"导创"、突显教师风范等6个方面论述了蔬菜学创新型、创业型人才培养的着力点,描绘了蔬菜学创新型、创业型人才培养的"三四五实践教学体系"框架图.     

Banks winners in tournaments are difficult to recognize

Given a tournament T, a Banks winner of T is the top vertex of any maximal (with respect to inclusion) transitive subtournament of T. In this technical note, we show that the problem of deciding whether some fixed vertex v is a Banks winner for T is NP-complete. Received: 22 February 2002/Accepted: 20 June 2002 Supported by the START program Y43-MAT of the Austrian Ministry of Science. I would like to thank two thank the referees for a careful reading of the paper, for helpful remarks, and for many suggestions how to improve the presentation.     

小型制造业信息化发展模式的研究

该文简述了世界制造业面临的挑战及其信息系统的发展 ,提出了我国小型制造业信息化的目的 ,并分析了小型制造业信息化面临的困难。最后提出了小型制造业信息化的群落合作发展模式。在这种模式中 ,一个企业群落应建立包括群落层和企业层的两层式信息系统。为实现群落合作发展模式 ,在每个小型制造业的群落里 ,应建立一个从事信息系统开发和进行信息服务的IT性质的企业实体来实施群落两层信息系统的建设和运行 ,这个IT性质的企业与信息系统共生存 ,为群落中的企业提供全天候的信息服务 ,特别是在条件成熟时为各个企业的信息系统添加新的功能。