工商管理学科领域"面向世界科学前沿问题"的凝炼机制探索

科技创新是促进国家发展的动力.要实现科技创新推动国家发展的战略目标,学术研究需要面向世界科学前沿,挑战前沿的科学难题,做出原创成果,实现创新引领.企业是国家实施创新驱动发展战略的主体.工商管理作为研究企业管理的学科,解决好本学科领域"面向世界科学前沿"的研究问题,有助于为我国企业创新提供理论指导,服务国家发展战略.然而,工商管理学科领域如何凝炼"面向世界科学前沿问题"是管理学者和管理实践者长期以来关注但未被解答的问题.本文旨在探索工商管理学科领域"面向世界科学前沿问题"的凝炼机制.借鉴工商管理学科领域59位资深专家的意见,探讨了"面向世界科学前沿问题"的内涵、选题要求、形成方法,并尝试整合出一套具有可操作性的凝炼方案.此外,本文阐述了"并联式"和"串联式"两种具体科学问题提出模式,以期为科研工作者提供一个能够形成聚焦的、对中国管理实践有帮助的、面向世界科学前沿的研究问题的方案.     

An LP-rounding based algorithm for a capacitated uniform facility location problem with penalties

Journal of Combinatorial Optimization - Facility location problem is a well established research area within Operations Research. Capacitated facility location problem is one of the most important...     

Customer knowledge sharing in cross-border mergers and acquisitions: The role of customer motivation and promise management

Knowledge is a vital source of competitive advantage and renewal for contemporary organizations. However, to date, few studies have scrutinized how mergers and acquisitions (M&As)—processes dependent on knowledge sharing—offer a valuable inter-organizational context through which to understand the attainment of customer knowledge sharing following M&As. Applying an integrated theoretical perspective from customer relationship management and M&A performance research, we study a Chinese–Finnish acquisition and customer firms of the acquired party across four advanced Western countries. We find that customer knowledge sharing is an active relationship management process that relies on the factors of customer dedication-based motivation vs. customer concerns about M&As to maintain relationships after acquisitions. In addition, and more importantly, we find that the promise management mechanisms—making promises, enabling promises, and keeping promises—of the M&A parties reinforce the motivational factors to maintain customer knowledge sharing in cross-border M&As. We propose a conceptual framework of customer knowledge sharing in cross-border M&As.     

我国婴幼儿托育服务标准规范体系的现状及其优化研究

近年来,我国婴幼儿托育服务标准规范建设进程较快,当前体系框架已初步建立。但由于长期以来标准规范建设比较缓 慢、推进机制不健全等客观因素制约,当前婴幼儿托育服务在通用基础标准规范方面整体滞后,婴幼儿安全照护和权益保障标准 规范方面仍存短板,监管和人员标准规范方面较弱等问题。根据托育标准规范体系现状,结合托育服务发展需求,当前亟需建立 托育服务标准规范体系的协同推进工作机制,加快通用基础标准规范研制,促进服务提供标准规范的健全,补足支持保障标准规 范的短板,进而完善标准规范框架体系,推动各类标准规范的兼容,进而为婴幼儿托育服务高质量发展提供支持和保障。     

论秦汉铜器的一体化

秦汉铜器的一体化可划分为秦至汉初、西汉中期至晚期前段、西汉晚期后段至东汉三个阶段。第一阶段的一体化主要体现在打破了先秦族群铜器文化独立发展的格局,与秦汉帝国的统一和建立有关。第二阶段主要为铜礼器的一体化,与汉武帝的铜政即工官专控有关。第三阶段主要为实用器具的一体化,与铜器制作的放开、私家作坊的涌现所导致的产品商业化有关。不同阶段的铜器一体化程度不同：秦至汉初处于雏形阶段,西汉中期至晚期前段进程加速,西汉晚期后段至东汉得到进一步加强。     

Socioeconomic,sociodemographic and attitudinal correlates of the tempo of divorce

The association between sociodemographic, demographic, and attitudinal measures and the timing or tempo of marital dissolution over a 14-year time span is examined. Separation is considered equivalent to divorce. Early and late divorce are differentiated by whether the event occurred before or after the average number of years married prior to divorce. Data were obtained on husbands and wives within childbearing years (up to 39 years) in the 1st years of the 1st marriage. A random stratified sample of 610 couples was drawn from records of marriages in a midwestern county between 1972-77. Reinterviews were conducted on 544 couples in April 1985. socioeconomic variables included educational attainment, occupational prestige, wife's employment status, wife's future work plans, husband's attitude to wife's future work plans, total family income, and level of satisfaction with current financial status. Demographic variables are age at marriage, number of children in 1985, marital duration, and desired family size. Attitudinal items were religiosity and gender role orientations (traditionalism, modernism, egalitarianism). Exposure to divorce was not equitably distributed for the 108 who divorced, but this was not statistically significant. The results indicate that those divorced earlier were wives who worked outside the home, worked at more prestigious jobs, planned to be employed throughout married life, and whose father had a higher level of educational attainment. This finding is not consistent with prior research which has shown that favorable socioeconomic conditions lower the probability of divorce. The timing of divorce was affected by the presence of children. Those married at younger ages divorced earlier and couples with children delayed divorcing longer than couples without children. These findings were consistent with earlier research. Catholic wives delayed divorce longer than non-Catholic wives. Males lower in sexual satisfaction divorced earlier. Divorce was postponed longer for husbands with traditional values and wives who had higher scores on egalitarianism. Wives with scores on modernism had earlier divorces than wives scoring lower on modernism. The tempo of divorce was in multiple classification analysis predicted best by wife's employment status and number of children. Cross-classification was not possible.     

Temporal dimensions of the fertility transition: an age-period-cohort analysis of frontier fertility

"This paper evaluates age, period, and cohort effects on marital fertility during onset of the Utah fertility transition (1880-1900). Computerized genealogies are used to derive age-period-cohort fertility rates for 49,842 once-married couples. Age, period and cohort effects on marital fertility are then estimated using Johnson's (1985) relational model. Declining marital fertility in Utah is shown to be explained by both lower fertility levels across periods and increasing age-specific limitation across cohorts. Direct cohort effects on fertility are insignificant. These results are consistent with prior research, and the view that fertility levels were adaptive (in part through birth spacing across ages) to immediate contexts of childbearing while age-specific fertility truncation increased across cohorts (in part through the more general diffusion of contraceptive innovations)."     

Today's second generation: evidence from the 1990 U.S. census

"The prospects for today's second generation will be considerably shaped by their current social, economic and demographic status. This article provides a statistical portrait of children of immigrants by analyzing data from the 1990 U.S. Census of Population and Housing. With the second generation defined as children under age 18 with at least one foreign-born parent, the study describes place of residence; household demographic, social and economic circumstances; household head's socioeconomic status; and characteristics of children themselves. Data on second-generation children are broken down by year of immigration of parents and child's nativity. Data for children with native-born parents are provided for comparison."     

Age at marriage,sex-ratios,and ethnic heterogamy

"This paper focuses on the effects of age at marriage and the sex-ratio on patterns of ethnic homogamy among Israeli women. We hypothesize that later marriages are more likely than early marriages to be heterogamous as the 'marriage market' shifts from school to the work-place. By the same token, when facing severe marriage squeezes women will be forced to out-marry. Employing data from the 1983 census, we model mate selection of women from Afro-Asian and Euro-American origin in various birth-cohorts. The results do not fully support our hypotheses: we find that in and of itself, age at marriage does not enhance ethnic heterogamy."