转变我国经济发展方式的政策建议

一、我国转变经济发展方式的主要内涵 党的十七大报告提出要“加快转变经济发展方式．推动产业结构优化升级”．首次将党的十四届五中全会提出的“转变经济增长方式”改为“转变经济发展方式”。为此,我们有必要首先了解两者的内涵。     

风险社会视域下“校园贷”问题的生成及应对

"校园贷"是一个横跨"在场空间"与"缺场空间"的"跨界性"问题,以风险社会理论为视角进行分析,可有效地贯通网上、网下两个空间的情境性区隔,是从整体上对其进行解读的理想选择。它的异变主要涉及社会急剧转型、网络技术发展及大学生群体结构三个风险源:社会转型过程中风险的无序释放是催生"校园贷"问题的现实动因,网络技术的风险特征是催生"校园贷"问题的潜在根源,大学生群体消费欲望强而财商低的结构特点是催生"校园贷"问题的重要因素。防范"校园贷"风险的关键在于建构政府主导、社会参与、个体自省的风险应对共同体,以减少各类风险发生交叠、共振的频率。     

青年大学生法律教育论

大学生法律教育是高校素质教育的重要组成部分,对建立社会主义市场经济,对依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家目标的实现具有现实意义。对大学生进行法律教育重在培养他们的法律观念,各级组织和高校表现重视这项工作,不仅要坚持做好这项工作,而且要不断改善社会和学校的法制环境,为大学生法律教育创造良好的社会条件和实践基础。同时要求相关的道德、素质、纪律以及专业教育的有机配合,才能取得实效。     

教育断层与道德失衡——社会行业风气对大学生思想教育的影响

本文对作为在社会行业风气中处于核心地位的医德医风现状．及其对医科大学生所产生的影响进行分析的基础上进一步就如何加强医科大学生思想道德教育提出了一些针对性措施。     

Penalised spline estimation for generalised partially linear single-index models

Generalised linear models are frequently used in modeling the relationship of the response variable from the general exponential family with a set of predictor variables, where a linear combination of predictors is linked to the mean of the response variable. We propose a penalised spline (P-spline) estimation for generalised partially linear single-index models, which extend the generalised linear models to include nonlinear effect for some predictors. The proposed models can allow flexible dependence on some predictors while overcome the “curse of dimensionality”. We investigate the P-spline profile likelihood estimation using the readily available R package mgcv, leading to straightforward computation. Simulation studies are considered under various link functions. In addition, we examine different choices of smoothing parameters. Simulation results and real data applications show effectiveness of the proposed approach. Finally, some large sample properties are established.     

交通基础设施、空间溢出与经济增长关系的实证分析

文章构建中国2000-2015年间30个省份多样化的空间面板数据,采用极大似然估计、空间杜宾模型及偏微分方法,实证测度了中国交通基础设施对经济增长的空间溢出效应.研究发现,铁路在地理距离作用下对经济增长正向显著,在其他作用下不显著;公路在经济、产业和技术距离作用下高度显著,而在地理距离作用下不显著.综合距离作用分析表明,公路对经济增长存在积极的溢出效应,在统计上正向显著;而铁路则存在较弱的影响,且未通过显著性检验.     

固定设计异方差非参数回归模型的预测方法

文章针对固定设计下异方差非参数回归模型,考虑了基于多项式样条的三种预测方法,即非外推法、线性外推法和非线性外推法.模拟结果表明非外推预测法的均方根误差(RMSE)和平均绝对误差(MAE)的均值最大,而线性外推法的RMSE和MAE的均值略小于非线性外推法的RMSE和MAE的均值.实证分析结果显示:非外推预测法的平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)、RMSE和MAE最大,线性外推法的MAPE、RMSE和MAE最小.这表明整体上外推法优于非外推法,而线性外推法是简单可行的.     

Public Attitudes towards Income Redistribution: Evidence from Hong Kong

The drivers of public support for redistributive policy have stimulated academic debate around the world. The majority of studies use cross‐country surveys conducted in the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries to contribute to the debate on whether self‐interest or social values have more influence on public attitudes towards redistribution. Drawing on a phone survey conducted in 2013, this study advances the discussion by investigating public attitudes towards redistribution and social policy changes against the backdrop of buoyant government revenues in Hong Kong. The Hong Kong welfare model, best seen as a parallel to the liberal welfare state, is selective and residual. Contrary to the usual assumption, the social values hypothesis, viewing poverty as societal problems instead of individual reasons, has been supported in the Hong Kong context. It lends support to greater redistribution in a residual welfare state. The policy implications of the findings are also discussed.     

Disequilibrium multi-dividing ontology learning algorithm

As an effective tool for data storage, processing, and computing, ontology has been used in many fields of computer science and information technology. By means of its powerful performance on semantic query and knowledge extraction, domain ontology has been built on various disciplines such as biology, pharmaceutics, geography, chemistry, etc. and been smoothly employed for their engineering applications. In these ontology applications, we aim to get an optimal ontology function which maps each ontology to a real number and then determine the similarity between concepts by the distance of their corresponding real numbers. In former ontology learning approaches, all the instances in the training sample have equal status in the learning process. In this article, we present the disequilibrium multi-dividing ontology algorithm in which the important ontology data will be highlighted during the learning, and the relevant ontology data tend to be eliminated. Four experiments are designed to test the serviceability of our disequilibrium multi-dividing algorithm from angles of ontology similarity measuring and ontology mapping construction.     

中国城乡发展差距水平及其波动效应的实证

城乡发展差距是中国社会转型下最突出的矛盾之一.文章从经济、社会、文化、政治、生态五大维度构建中国城乡发展差距综合评价指标体系,以中国31个省份为研究区域,运用主成分分析法实证评价了中国城乡发展差距的现实水平及其波动效应.研究表明,中国城乡差距水平由东向西呈递增趋势,1985年至今城乡差距水平表现为一种波动性扩大的效应,城乡差距水平与城镇化发展水平表现为一种相互影响的逆向关系.