Total restrained domination in claw-free graphs

A set S of vertices in a graph G=(V,E) is a total restrained dominating set (TRDS) of G if every vertex of G is adjacent to a vertex in S and every vertex of V−S is adjacent to a vertex in V−S. The total restrained domination number of G, denoted by γ _tr (G), is the minimum cardinality of a TRDS of G. In this paper we characterize the claw-free graphs G of order n with γ _tr (G)=n. Also, we show that γ _tr (G)≤n−Δ+1 if G is a connected claw-free graph of order n≥4 with maximum degree Δ≤n−2 and minimum degree at least 2 and characterize those graphs which achieve this bound.     

Why me? The frog-pond effect,relative deprivation and individual outcomes in the face of budget cuts

Conservation of resources (COR) theory proposes that both individual characteristics and environmental factors predict stress reactions, but does not consider interactions between individual variables and the immediate social context. Using theories regarding the frog-pond effect, which relates to how an individual perceives themselves in relation to that of those around them, and relative deprivation, we tested the hypothesis that employees who were personally more affected by a potential stressor, yet were in an organizational unit less affected by that stressor, would report more negative outcomes than employees who were subjected to the same stress but were in more affected units. Utilizing multilevel modelling and departmental- and individual-level data from a university experiencing severe budget cuts, it was found that both individual perceived budget cut impacts and departmental impacts were related to less job satisfaction, reduced affective commitment, greater perceptions of psychological contract breach and increased turnover intentions, supporting COR theory. Interestingly, as predicted by the frog-pond effect and relative deprivation theory, affected academic staff within departments that were less affected by the cuts had more negative responses than equally impacted individuals in more affected departments. We concluded that the frog-pond effect is relevant to work stress research and practice.     

Safety climate and safety outcomes: A meta-analytic comparison of universal vs. industry-specific safety climate predictive validity

Previous research has demonstrated that safety climate is a robust predictor of safety-related outcomes. However, there is little consensus about the optimal strategy to measure safety climate. One of the main issues has been whether safety climate measures should be universal or industry-specific. As such, this study was designed to examine the criterion-related validity of universal and industry-specific safety climate measures by conducting a meta-analytic comparison of their relationships with a variety of safety-related outcomes (i.e. safety behaviour, risk perceptions, accidents and injuries, and other adverse events). With 120 independent samples (N?=?81,213), we found that the industry-specific safety climate measures displayed better predictive power when predicting safety behaviour and risk perceptions than the universal safety climate measures. On the other hand, the universal safety climate measures displayed better predictive power when predicting other adverse events (but not accidents and injuries) than the industry-specific safety climate measures. We discuss these findings in light of the intended use of organisational safety climate surveys.     

聚集·探索·奠基——论“白马湖现象”的内涵与历史价值

1922-1925年间,夏丐尊、朱自清、朱光潜、匡互生、刘薰宇、刘叔琴等人先后聚集在白马湖春晖中学,形成了可称之为“白马湖现象”的独特文化景观.解读这一现象可以发现,他们的聚集是多种力量综合作用的结果,有一种天时地利人和的意味;他们在教育改造、创建文学社团、文人的社会存在方式等方面的探索,彰显了这一现象的丰富内涵;尽管这些探索最后均归于失败,但通过这些探索,他们为日后开明文化文学流派的形成和个人的一生事业奠定了第一块基石,由此,这一现象独具深远的历史价值.     

交互记忆系统影响人群与工作交互的模拟研究

为探索交互记忆系统对知识型团队中人群与工作互动的影响,交互记忆系统通过基于多智能体建模被引入到模拟研究中.用互动网络模型描述任务、个体、技能的复杂联系.用交互记忆系统中任务执行、沟通、学习规则驱动此模型,考虑经济型和社会型两种智能体在交互时受环境因素的不同影响,设计通过数据库作为中间介质的人-物并行机制,并采用甘特图描述物系统中的任务计划和任务分配.用Repast和Java swing实现模拟系统,并用定性验证的方法确认该系统的可信性,最后给出一个应用分析.模拟实验研究表明,交互记忆系统可以提高任务完成质量,并缩减任务完成时间;一个团队在完成任务时并不是参与人越多越好,人在足够满足任务完成需要的情况下与工作有效交互可以发挥较高的效率.     

服务不满意情境下的消费者反应类型测评及高阶因子分析

过去对于消费者不满意的研究主要关注的是服务失误和消费者抱怨.在消费者抱怨的相关研究中,学者们提出了消费者抱怨行为(CCB)、消费者反应预测(CRE)以及消费者抱怨反应(CCR)来解释消费者的抱怨行为,但对于消费者不满意之后的其它反应类型研究较少.本研究基于学者们对抱怨类型的研究以及组织行为理论中雇员反应类型(EVLN)模型的研究,探讨在消费者行为研究中,消费者对于不满意的反应类型.通过探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析,我们确定了五种消费者在不满意情景下可能有的反应类型.我们希望企业能够认识到不同的反应类型,从而提高服务质量和服务补救的有效性.     

Single-machine multitasking scheduling with job efficiency promotion

Motivated by behavioural and psychological phenomena that occur in human operators, we study single-machine multitasking scheduling with job efficiency promotion. In traditional multitasking scheduling, the primary task is assumed to be interrupted by every waiting task. In this paper we take into account job efficiency promotion that helps reduce the actual interruption time. We propose two functions to model job efficiency promotion based on the job positions in a given schedule. The objective is to minimize the makespan, total completion time, and total absolute difference in completion times. We show that the problem is polynomially solvable for each objective. We also provide efficient solutions for some special cases.

     

商业集团从属企业合法性双元与成长绩效关系

根据商业集团从属企业双重身份的特点,分析了其合法性的双元属性,并提出了合法性双元的概念． 在此基础上,文章将合法性双元解构为平衡和联合两个维度,分别分析了两者与从属企业成长绩效之间的关系,以及他们对从属企业成长产生作用的内在机理． 实证结果表明资源获取对联合维度与从属企业成长绩效的关系具有显著的中介作用,而平衡维度与成长绩效的关系未得到实证支持． 文章还进一步探讨了对合法性双元与从属企业资源获取关系的调节性因素,实证结果表明环境不确定性正向调节联合维度与资源获取的关系,而对平衡维度与资源获取的关系具有反向调节作用; 环境包容性反向调节联合维度与资源获取的关系,而对平衡维度与资源获取的关系具有正向调节作用．     

Perception of and reactions to job insecurity: The buffering effect of secure attachment

By bridging attachment theory and cognitive appraisal theory, this study explored the moderating role of secure attachment in one’s perception of (i.e. primary appraisal) and reactions to (i.e. secondary appraisal) job insecurity. Study 1 used individual-level data collected from employees nested in 42 states in the US and state-level unemployment rate derived from U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. I found that secure attachment attenuated the negative impact of state-level unemployment rate on individual job insecurity. In Study 2 with data collected at two time points, I found that secure attachment mitigated the negative, lagged outcome of job insecurity on job satisfaction (but not affective commitment). Taken together, I found that secure attachment enabled individuals to positively appraise state-level unemployment rate and constructively cope with job insecurity. Results of both studies converge to support the proposed buffering role of secure attachment in one’s perception of and reactions to job insecurity.     

善沟通方能好共事

曾庆红同志在湖南视察工作时强调“:把那些想干事、能干事、干成事,又能共事、不出事的人选进基层党组织中来。”这里把“能共事”作为用人的标准明确地提了出来。作为一名领导干部,想干事是前提,能干事是基础,干成事是关键,不出事是保证,而能共事是根本。一般情况下,在一个班子内部,真正影响共事的不是班子成员的个性,而是互相封闭,彼此间缺乏有效的沟通。选择沟通时机。任何事物的发生发展都有其规律性,冲突、矛盾、误会的形成必然是起于青萍之末,消除化解须顺时顺势,方能事半功倍。化解矛盾宜说“小”话。这种“小”是指刚刚察觉、刚刚产…