Validation of the WeDQoL-Goals-Thailand Measure: Culture-Specific Individualised Quality of Life

The aim of this study was to validate an individualised measure of quality of life (WeDQoL-Goals-Thailand). Three hundred and sixty-nine Thai people completed the WeDQoL by interview. Respondents rated (0–2) the perceived necessity for wellbeing of 51 goals (goal necessity), then rated (0–3) their satisfaction with the same goals (goal satisfaction). Weighted goal attainment (possible range 0–6) was computed (necessity x satisfaction). Psychometric validation used frequency distributions, Principal Components Analysis (PCA), and Cronbach’s alpha. Analysis of variance, t-tests, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U, Spearman’s correlation and multiple regression explored socio-demographic, geographic and economic differences. Respondents were aged 15–89 (mean 45.7, SD 18.0); 169 men, 200 women. For weighted goal attainment scores, PCA found a 44-item scale (α = 0.91) and three subscales (community/social/health, α = 0.90; house and home, α = 0.80; nuclear family, α = 0.81). Thai Individualised Goal Attainment (TIGA) scale and the three subscales were computed as the mean of contributing weighted goal attainment scores, after excluding goals considered ‘not necessary’ to each individual. Unweighted and individualised scores differed significantly with socio-demographic, geographic and economic indicators. In multiple regression, both Thai Unweighted Goal Satisfaction (TUGS) and TIGA scale scores were predicted by being married, living in the South and in a non-urban location. TIGA scores were also predicted by being over 25 years old. WeDQoL-Goals-Thailand has excellent psychometric properties. Individualised scores reflect each person’s perspective on wellbeing and are sensitive to subgroup differences. However, unweighted satisfaction scores give a broadly similar picture and involve less complex computation.     

Two ways of modelling overdispersion in non-normal data

For non-normal data assumed to have distributions, such as the Poisson distribution, which have an a priori dispersion parameter, there are two ways of modelling overdispersion: by a quasi-likelihood approach or with a random-effect model. The two approaches yield different variance functions for the response, which may be distinguishable if adequate data are available. The epilepsy data of Thall and Vail and the fabric data of Bissell are used to exemplify the ideas.     

势能模式与内江市区位优势研究

运用潜能模式建立了城市区位优势比较的定量化模型，并对内江与绵阳、乐山的区位势能值进行了计算与比较．结果表明，内江的区位势能值明显高于划入成都平原经济圈的绵阳、乐山．由此得出结论：内江市具备四川省优先开发的区位优势条件．     

毛泽东教育思想新论

毛泽东是伟大的马克思主义者,伟大的无产阶级革命家、战略家和理论家,同时也是一位伟大的马克思主义教育家。毛泽东非常重视学生的全面发展,要求教育系统要培养德智体全面发展的社会主义建设者。针对新中国成立初期,工农文盲多、科学文化素质低的状况,毛泽东贯彻教育为广大工农群众服务和教育与生产劳动相结合的方针,积极开展农民业余教育,并施行＂半农半读＂制度。     

Multidimensional Almost Dominance: Child Wellbeing in Egypt

A major drawback of First Order Stochastic Dominance approach is dominance indetermination. Levy and Leshno in 2002 suggested Almost Stochastic Dominance as a remedy in the uni-dimensional case. We introduce a Generalization of Almost First and second Order Dominance (MAFOD and MASOD) to the multidimensional case with application on child wellbeing in Egypt. We perform a multidimensional (FOD) analysis on seven deprivation indicators for three age-groups of children from Egypt 2014 Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS14). This methodology allows the ordinal ranking of regions and governorates of Egypt in terms of their children wellbeing based on their probability of domination. To solve the dominance indetermination we apply MAFOD and MASOD.     

雏鹅脱水症的诊断治疗

对分别断水１０ 天和６ 天，表现皮肤干燥发皱、体重降低、胸肌干黑、肾小管变性坏死、输尿管尿酸盐沉积、血液浓缩暗黑的两群病雏鹅，进行病史调查、临床检查、血液检查、病理剖检、微生物学检查和可疑饲料饲喂试验，排除巴氏杆菌病、大肠杆菌病、沙门氏菌病、小鹅瘟和饲料中毒，诊断为脱水症     

Population Change and Changing Educational Attainment of Ethnic Groups in the United States, 1980–2000

This study assesses the effect of population change on decade changes in the educational attainments of country of origin populations in the United States. Our data are derived from decennial censuses, NLMS, the World Bank, and INS. We find that changes in the share of country of origin populations with one or more years of post-secondary schooling are associated with selected components of population change during the 1980–1990 and 1990–2000 decades. The specific components include survivors during the decade, in-migration, and emigration of the foreign-born. Likewise, intra-generational mobility is found to be an important determinant of changes in educational attainment. The discussion addresses limitations of the data and suggests directions for future research as well as policy implications.     

提高训诂学教学质量之探讨

提高继续教育中训诂学教学质量的关键是对教学方法及教学内容进行深化改革 ,根据学员的需要组织教学内容 ,教会学生学习并运用训诂资料及训诂方法进行教学科研 ,激发学员们学习训诂学的积极性     

The robustness of the quasilikelihood estimator

The quasilikelihood estimator is widely used in data analysis where a likelihood is not available. We illustrate that with a given variance function it is not only conservative, in minimizing a maximum risk, but also robust against a possible misspecification of either the likelihood or cumulants of the model. In examples it is compared with estimators based on maximum likelihood and quadratic estimating functions.     

Regulation by disclosure: the case of internal control

In this paper we explore the use of disclosure as a regulatory tool, using as an illustration the current UK requirements regarding the disclosure of information about internal control. After discussing the broad concept of regulation by disclosure, we trace the evolution of concepts of internal control and its reporting, describing the background to the Turnbull guidance for directors on internal control reporting, the basis of current UK requirements. We then examine recent examples of internal control disclosures, identifying the range of ways in which they address the disclosure requirements and considering the possible impact of the disclosure requirements on corporate behaviour and on the audiences for disclosure. We conclude with some reflections on the disclosure life cycle. The paper contributes to the literature on disclosure by specifically considering the role of disclosure as a regulatory tool and by examining the nature of specific disclosures in an area of continuing interest, that of internal control.