Naturally occurring play patterns in groups of latency aged children

This study examines the influence of the socialization of aggression among different gender and social class groupings and the influence of psychosocial stage on cognitive developmental play preferences among groups of school aged children. Observations of 143 play groups were coded for play preference (symbolic play, practice play, games with rules) and play performance (cooperative or competitive). Findings of the log-linear data analysis suggest a middle class and masculine bias in Piaget's cognitive model (i.e., that as age increases children prefer more games with rules). This model held only for middle class and affluent boys. Girls (both latency and prepubertal) and lower socioeconomic groups tended to prefer practice play. Girls were more likely to play cooperatively; boys more likely to play competitively. Implications for theory development and clinical practice are explored.     

Erroneous perceptions and arousal among regular and occasional video poker players

This study investigated the relationship between the level of arousal (Heart Rate) and the number of erroneous perceptions among video poker players. Twelve regular and twelve occasional gamblers participated in a gambling session conducted in a natural environment. It was hypothesised that 1) a significant positive correlation would be observed between arousal and the number of erroneous verbalizations, 2) regular players would show a higher level of arousal than occasional players, and 3) they would emit more erroneous verbalizations. Results showed that hypotheses one and three were confirmed. Theoretical and practical implications of these results for the psychology of gambling are discussed.This study was supported by a grant from Loto-Québec.     

近现代贵州苗族服饰文化的变迁

贵州苗族有丰富的服饰文化。近现代以来,贵州苗族服饰文化发生了文化变迁,建国后其服饰文化更是经历了变化、衰落、复兴的曲折过程,表现出顽强的生命力。     

构建以人为本的英语教学模式

传统的英语教育模式忽视了学生的个性意识、个性特点和个性需要,违背了人本主义的教育教学理念。如何提高教学效率一直是外语教师主要探讨的问题。文章运用人本主义的教学理念,结合实际探讨了如何构建以人为本的新型教学模式以改进英语教学,提高教学效率。以人为本的新型教学模式包括:创立民主愉悦的课堂教学环境、构建个性化的学习空间、设计师生共同探索的教学活动、建立协作性的教学模式。     

论唐代科举制策试的匡时济俗功能

唐代士人参加科举制策试或私下模拟策试,都直言不讳地批评时弊,提出应对方案。他们的参政议政资格,只要报名科考即可自动获得。皇帝在开科诏令和策试题目中每每自谦德薄才寡,坦言施政失误,国家危难,恳请考生帮助自己。官方对于时政问题从来不规定标准答案,任随考生自主思考,自由表达。这种正视现实的勇气和征集、接受意见的诚恳态度,是唐代统治阶级自强、自信的一种体现。“上下雷同,非国家之福”,是时人共识。在这种背景下,策试才能产生一定的匡时济俗功能。然而,由统治阶级举办的策试,尽管可以揭示某些表层化的社会问题,却无力解决社会顽症;再加上残酷、复杂的政治派别斗争,策试匡时济俗功能的发挥必然受到限制。     

文明城市创建是构建和谐社会的有效途径

创建文明城市是构建社会主义和谐社会的具体实践,文明城市不等同于和谐社会,但最接近和谐社会,文明城市蕴含了新的城市社会和谐目标的价值取向。广州市越秀区在创建文明城市,促进和谐社会的构建中取得了较好的成绩。     

The Impact of Items and Anchors on Parent–Child Reports of Problem Behavior

Research has repeatedly demonstrated that parent and child reports of child behavior and emotional functioning often do not agree in terms of symptom severity or even symptom presence. Given the potential clinical impact that discrepant reports may have on the therapeutic process, a significant amount of research has addressed the factors influencing this observed discrepancy. Traditionally, this research has evaluated the impact of demographic factors on mean differences and obtained correlation coefficients between parent and child reports. The current research improves upon previous research in this area in two ways. First, the current research uses parent and child measures with identical rather than similar items as is commonly found in previous research. Second, the current research moves beyond identifying demographic influences on discrepant reports by explaining observed discrepancies in terms of differences in parent and child perceptions of typical child behavior.David Carlston and Benjamin Ogles are affiliated with Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, USA.Funding for this project was provided by the Ohio Department of Mental Health.     

先进性教育是构建民族地区和谐社会的强大动力

当前正在各地开展的保持共产党员先进性教育活动,对于推动民族工作和促进民族地区 的发展至关重要,必将成为构建民族地区和谐社会的强大动力。按照胡锦涛总书记讲话的精 神,构建社会主义和谐社会,是党从全面建设小康社会、开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面的 全局出发提出的一项重大任务。在构建社会主义和谐社会的伟大事业中,民族地区占有重要 和突出的地位。 第一,只有民族地区建成了和谐社会,全国的和谐社会才有基础和保证,才能够说全国建 成了和谐社会。民族地区幅员占全国总面积的64%以上,人口达数亿,其中少数…