Design and analysis of variable fidelity experimentation applied to engine valve heat treatment process design

Summary.  When experimentation on a real system is expensive, data are often collected by using cheaper, lower fidelity surrogate systems. The paper concerns response surface methods in the context of variable fidelity experimentation. We propose the use of generalized least squares to generate the predictions. We also present perhaps the first optimal designs for variable fidelity experimentation, using an extension of the expected integrated mean-squared error criterion. Numerical tests are used to compare the performance of the method with alternatives and to investigate the robustness to incorporated assumptions. The method is applied to automotive engine valve heat treatment process design in which real world data were mixed with data from two types of computer simulation.     

广义对角占优矩阵的充分条件

研究具有广泛应用背景的广义对角占优矩阵的充分条件，获得了几个简捷的实用结果。所得条件允许矩阵的非对角占优行可达ｎ－１行，运用于广泛的矩阵类。     

Penalized likelihood regression: General formulation and efficient approximation

The authors consider a formulation of penalized likelihood regression that is sufficiently general to cover canonical and noncanonical links for exponential families as well as accelerated life models with censored survival data. They present an asymptotic analysis of convergence rates to justify a simple approach to the lower‐dimensional approximation of the estimates. Such an approximation allows for much faster numerical calculation, paving the way to the development of algorithms that scale well with large data sets.     

Religion and Giving in Australia

This article draws on a household survey of giving and volunteering undertaken as part of the Giving Australia project to explore the relationship between religion and the giving behaviour of adult Australians. We find that people who identify themselves as having a religion are more likely to give and to give more on average than people who do not but that this relationship is produced by a subset of this group; namely, people who regularly attend religious services. Indeed, the likelihood of giving and average amounts given by givers over a year increase with levels of attendance at religious services. The relationship holds even after allowing for other factors that affect the likelihood of a person giving and the amount given. It also holds for giving to nonreligious causes (ie when giving to religion is omitted). However, when we also omit giving to charities and look at giving to civic causes alone we find that the frequency of attendance at religious services has an ambiguous relationship with giving. A suggestion in overseas literature that it is participation in religious groups, rather than attendance at religious services that is associated with giving is not supported.     

科技期刊编辑专业化和学者化是保证期刊学术质量的关键

一般科技期刊刊载的论文内容都具有很强的专业性,这就要求科技期刊编辑必须具有丰富的专业知识和较高的学术水平才能胜任编辑工作.从编辑过程的选题组稿、论文初审、选择审稿专家和编辑加工四个方面对此进行了阐述,指出了提高科技期刊编辑的相关专业知识和学术水平的措施.     

Word域在结构化文档管理中的应用

作者把Word域和数据库结合 ,运用VBA编程 ,把数据库中的数据插入到文档中 ,解决了结构化文档的管理问题 .     

Linking Self‐Regulation and Risk Proneness to Risky Sexual Behavior: Pathways through Peer Pressure and Early Substance Use

The linkages between self‐regulation in childhood, risk proneness in early adolescence, and risky sexual behavior in mid‐adolescence were examined in a cohort of children (N=518) from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. The possible mediating role of two early adolescent variables (substance use and negative peer pressure) was also examined. Self‐regulation was assessed by maternal report at ages 8–9, and risk proneness, comprising aspects of sensation seeking and decision making, was assessed by adolescent self‐report at ages 12–13. Structural equation models predicting risky sexual behavior at ages 16–17 indicated that self‐regulation operated partly through early adolescent substance use, whereas risk proneness operated through early adolescent substance use and negative peer pressure. The overall model did not differ significantly for boys and girls, although there were gender differences in the strength of particular paths. These long‐term longitudinal results support the importance of early self‐regulation and risk proneness in setting the stage for adolescent sexual risk taking and implicate substance use and negative peer pressure as processes through which risk proneness and poor self‐regulation lead to risky sexual behavior.     

大学生心理健康与干预策略研讨会综述

2006年6月3日至5日,全国首届“大学生研究学术论坛”暨“大学生心理健康与干预策略”研讨会在武汉大学召开。这次大会由武汉大学政治与公共管理学院和上海社会科学院社会发展研究院主办,《当代青年研究》杂志社和武汉大学发展与教育心理研究所具体承办。来自全国43所高校的近100名学者,围绕“和谐社会与心理健康”的主题,分“大学生心理健康与和谐社会构建”、“大学生心理健康状况特点及自我维护”、“大学生心理咨询与心理健康教育方法与模式”、“大学生心理健康教育的本土化与发展趋势”等专题进行了深入的研讨。本文是会议有关观点的综述。     

“六个一”模式对提升大学生心理健康水平的分析

本文主要阐述了海南医学院“六个一”心理健康教育模式的必要性、及其模式的运作特点,并对实施“六个一”模式的教育效果进行了分析。认为“六个一”可以有效地提升大学生的心理健康水平。     

Young Fatherhood and Subsequent Disadvantage in the United Kingdom

Although there has been increasing attention to the importance of fathers and their relationships with their children, few studies have examined young parenthood and its consequences for fathers’ life chances. In recent years, this has begun to change, and research is examining, to a far greater extent, the experiences of young fathers. Using data from a cohort of British men born in 1970, this paper uses a propensity score–matching technique to compare the well‐being of 344 men who reported becoming fathers before the age of 22 with men from similar backgrounds who did not. The findings suggest that selection into young fatherhood is substantial but, for some outcomes, significant differences remain.