Outlier detection and robust variable selection via the penalized weighted LAD-LASSO method

This paper studies the outlier detection and robust variable selection problem in the linear regression model. The penalized weighted least absolute deviation (PWLAD) regression estimation method and the adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) are combined to simultaneously achieve outlier detection, and robust variable selection. An iterative algorithm is proposed to solve the proposed optimization problem. Monte Carlo studies are evaluated the finite-sample performance of the proposed methods. The results indicate that the finite sample performance of the proposed methods performs better than that of the existing methods when there are leverage points or outliers in the response variable or explanatory variables. Finally, we apply the proposed methodology to analyze two real datasets.     

时光·梦想

生活在19世纪的人们,乐于听到工业革命的轰鸣声。他们知道,这是“现代”的召唤。21世纪的我们,现代的我们则渴望着回到自然的怀抱。这是文明的又一道曲线。它从一个欣欣向荣滑到另一个欣欣向荣。而这两个时代都打上了进步的鲜明烙印,都同样是我们光荣的、关于自身、关于梦想的珍贵记忆。如果好奇于日常生活中的周遭事务,并执着于探求它们的来源,我们会惊奇地发现:时常光顾的超市、购物中心、度假村、俱乐部,始于世界博览会;电视机、留声机、电灯,在世博会上首次展出;甚至第一台纺织机、第一架飞机竟也是从世博会步入我们的生活。“一切始于…     

Bayesian nonparametric modelling of the link function in the single-index model using a Bernstein–Dirichlet process prior

This paper proposes the use of the Bernstein–Dirichlet process prior for a new nonparametric approach to estimating the link function in the single-index model (SIM). The Bernstein–Dirichlet process prior has so far mainly been used for nonparametric density estimation. Here we modify this approach to allow for an approximation of the unknown link function. Instead of the usual Gaussian distribution, the error term is assumed to be asymmetric Laplace distributed which increases the flexibility and robustness of the SIM. To automatically identify truly active predictors, spike-and-slab priors are used for Bayesian variable selection. Posterior computations are performed via a Metropolis-Hastings-within-Gibbs sampler using a truncation-based algorithm for stick-breaking priors. We compare the efficiency of the proposed approach with well-established techniques in an extensive simulation study and illustrate its practical performance by an application to nonparametric modelling of the power consumption in a sewage treatment plant.     

Hard thresholding regression

In this paper, we propose the hard thresholding regression (HTR) for estimating high‐dimensional sparse linear regression models. HTR uses a two‐stage convex algorithm to approximate the ?₀‐penalized regression: The first stage calculates a coarse initial estimator, and the second stage identifies the oracle estimator by borrowing information from the first one. Theoretically, the HTR estimator achieves the strong oracle property over a wide range of regularization parameters. Numerical examples and a real data example lend further support to our proposed methodology.     

Resolving Rabin’s paradox

We present a theoretical model of Rabin’s famous calibration paradox that resolves confusions in the literature and that makes it possible to identify the causes of the paradox. Using suitable experimental stimuli, we show that the paradox truly violates expected utility and that it is caused by reference dependence. Rabin already showed that utility curvature alone cannot explain his paradox. We, more strongly, do not find any contribution of utility curvature to the explanation of the paradox. We find no contribution of probability weighting either. We conclude that Rabin’s paradox underscores the importance of reference dependence.

     

土地混合使用视角下的城市工业地块更新改造路径——以上海金沙江路地块为例

城市工业用地的更新改造是城市调整产业结构、建设创新社会的一个新常态的问题。在全球化大背景下,随着产业结构的调整升级,产业的类型直接影响到工业用地的布局形式,"退二进三"作为工业地块更新改造的主要方式,已经被广泛接受并执行。在城市更新的过程中,工业地块的更新是促进城市产业转型、优化城市功能的重要一环,对城市工业地块更新改造的路径探讨具有非常重要的现实意义。在对上海工业地块的更新改造政策措施与实施情况综合评述的基础上,以上海金沙江路地块为例,找出城市工业地块更新改造的现状问题与路径局限,并围绕更新改造路径的多种可能进行深入探讨。笔者建议科学评判,综合调整地块更新改造路径,从区域的角度统筹考虑功能业态,以保障城市工业地块的更新改造受益面广,更具有综合协调性。     

Data‐Driven Supply Chain Orientation and Financial Performance: The Moderating Effect of Innovation‐Focused Complementary Assets

Drawing on the complementary assets framework, this study explores the moderating effect of innovation‐focused complementary assets (CA‐I) on the relationship between a data‐driven supply chain orientation (DDSCO) and firm financial performance. To test the moderating effect, survey data gathered from 329 manufacturing firms in China were analysed using a moderated regression analysis. The results indicate that DDSCO has a significant positive effect on financial performance, and that capabilities for product and process innovation function as complementary assets moderating the DDSCO–performance relationship. The findings suggest that innovation‐focused complementary assets are performance differentiators when paired with a DDSCO and explain why some firms obtain financial benefits from the development of a DDSCO while others do not. Specifically, competitive advantage from a DDSCO may not be realized unless CA‐I and potentially other complementary assets are harnessed, thus providing useful practical guidance to managers. Hence, the study provides empirical support for the complementary assets framework.     

文化多样性研究述评

文化多样性是当前学术界研究的前沿问题。本文以国内外学者关于文化多样性的研究文献为基础,对文化多样性的形成与影响、文化的发展方向、文化多样性的保护等方面进行总结和回顾。     

鞍山是一座“温暖的城市”

钟绍坚,一个地地道道的台湾人,热情、风趣、幽默,说话慢条斯理,2008年从台湾来到鞍山,任中橡(鞍山)化学工业有限公司厂长。人们总是顺口称呼他为"钟总",他却谦虚地解释,只有统筹整个公司的人才叫"总经理",而中橡(鞍山)化学工业有限公司隶属于台湾水泥集团中橡化学工业有限公司,像他这样的职务他们习惯称之为"厂长"。说起来到鞍山的日子,钟绍坚至今准确地记得——2008年11月16日。说到对鞍山的第一感觉,钟绍坚笑着说":这里的人脾气很好,生活消费能力很高,这里商场的东西可不便     

中学德育教师队伍现状调查研究报告

调查与测试显示中学德育教师整体素质较高,但师德有衰微趋向;德育教学任务能基本完成,但教育效果不佳;德育教师的政治地位和待遇与其他教师持平,与其他行业相比处于中等水平.改进中学德育工作,应深化高等师范院校的课程改革;加强中学德育教师的继续教育;强化措施,塑造德育教师的完美人格.