Non-poor Components of Population Growth and Immigration in the U.S., 1990–2010

Traditional measures of poverty are informative in indicating the degree of economic deprivation in a population at a cross-sectional point in time, but they do not consider growth in the size of the non-poverty population. We develop a measure of non-poverty population growth in order to explore whether it constitutes a useful indicator of an important demographic dynamic. We illustrate our approach with an analysis of the U.S. states using Census and American Community Survey data from 1990, 2000, and 2010. The results indicate that the extent to which the non-poor population increased across states is uncorrelated with the initial poverty rate as conventionally measured. Broken down by nativity, the findings further show that some states with official poverty rates above the national average (e.g., Arizona, Georgia, and Texas) nonetheless had some of the highest rates of non-poor population growth among less skilled immigrants. By contrast, other states with official poverty rates below the national average (e.g., Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Vermont) often had low rates of non-poor population growth among less skilled immigrants. These findings suggest that low initial poverty rates do not necessarily contribute substantially to the alleviation of global poverty through the immigration of less skilled persons from less developed nations. However, the rate of non-poor population growth among less skilled immigrants also appears to be uncorrelated with state variation in minimum wages even after taking into account population density and median home value.     

Expansions of the coverage probabilities of prediction region based on a shrinkage estimator

An expansion formula for the coverage probability of prediction region based on a shrinkage estimator proposed by Joshi [Joshi, V. M. (1967). Inadmissibility of the usual confidence sets for the mean of a multivariate normal population. Ann. Math. Statist., 38, 1868–1875.] is obtained. Its error bound is evaluated in terms of a function of an unknown parameter. Applying this result, three types of asymptotic expansions are derived. These expansions show inadmissibility of the usual prediction region.     

关于学术期刊分级问题的全方位考察

学术期刊分级意义重大.在学术期刊分级问题上,理论界众说纷纭,实际工作政出多门.文章对我国学术期刊分级的理论与现状进行了分析并提出了质疑,对学术期刊分级的依据进行了讨论,指出了国内外在学术期刊评价上的缺陷,提出了学术期刊分级的依据以及分级应掌握的方法.     

Novel concentration-QTc models for early clinical studies with parallel placebo controls: A simulation study

The QTc interval of the electrocardiogram is a pharmacodynamic biomarker for drug-induced cardiac toxicity. The ICH E14 guideline Questions and Answers offer a solution for evaluating a concentration-QTc relationship in early clinical studies as an alternative to conducting a thorough QT/QTc study. We focused on covariance structures of QTc intervals on the baseline day and dosing day (two-day covariance structure,) and proposed a two-day QTc model to analyze a concentration-QTc relationship for placebo-controlled parallel phase 1 single ascending dose studies. The proposed two-day QTc model is based on a constrained longitudinal data analysis model and a mixed effects model, thus allowing various variance components to capture the two-day covariance structure. We also propose a one-day QTc model for the situation where no baseline day or only a pre-dose baseline is available and models for multiple ascending dose studies where concentration and QTc intervals are available over multiple days. A simulation study shows that the proposed models control the false negative rate for positive drugs and have both higher accuracy and power for negative drugs than existing models in a variety of settings for the two-day covariance structure. The proposed models will promote early and accurate evaluation of the cardiac safety of new drugs.     

论中国社会科学学部委员制度——兼与四川大学历史文化学院张箭教授商榷

我国已于2006年7月设立了中国社会科学学部委员制度,这一举措恰逢其时、深得人心,尤其得到了全国社会科学界的大力拥护,也极大地鼓舞了我国社会科学工作者。然而,仍有个别人反对,张箭教授就是其中一个有代表性的反对者。我们认为,反对者的观点是站不住的。     

(0,1)──矩阵类U(R,S)的势

设R＝（r1，r2，…，rm），S＝（S1，S2，…，Sn）。ri，Si是非负整数，U（R，S）是所有具有行和向量R和列和向量S的（0，1）—矩阵的集合，求出|U（R，S）|的势函数的表达式是一个未决问题，本文构作了一种“移1法”。通过这种方法，借助于递归原则，得出了U（R，S）的势fm，n（R．S）的递归公式：     

何为高雅趣味?谁的高雅趣味?——对文艺鉴赏标准的质疑

高雅趣味是一个假命题.由于长期以来在审美实践中忽略了美感产生的真正原因,结果导致了对审美趣味本身的模糊认识.特别是在当代以消费为主导的社会中,更是漠视了审美冲动的本己性特征,因此,将所谓的"高雅趣味"塑造成了社会的典范,也正因为如此,用"高雅趣味"压制了"真实趣味"的审美本己性特征.只有明确了审美趣味是生命内在需求的表现,才能探寻到审美活动的真正意义和本质.     

大学学报"特色论"不能成立

学报“特色论”认为，“特色”就是指每个学报都应该有自己的所谓个性，否则就没有存在余地。事实上，这种“特色论“很容易使大学学报放弃根本使命和基本功能而误入歧途。我们认为：登载学术论文的大学学报不一定需要特色；学报“特色论“与大学学报的实际情况不相符合；学报“特色论”有悖我国大学学报的优良历史传统；认清和完成使命才是大学学报的真正生命。     

大学生丧亲后认知变量的变化及对创伤悲痛的影响

丧失亲人事件如何影响大学生心理健康近年来备受关注,文章即探讨大学生丧失亲人之后信念系统和世界观的变化及其与创伤悲痛的关系,为心理辅导提供依据。采用世界观量表、生活导向问卷、非理性信念量表、创伤悲痛问卷等对福建省6所高校940名大学生进行调查,结果发现：(1)丧亲组世界观的“公正性”显著低于未丧亲组（t=-1.97,P<0.05）,世界观的“随机性”、丧亲相关的非理性信念、非理性信念显著高于未丧亲组（t值分别为2.93、7.08、8.36,P值均<0.01）;(2)丧亲组世界观的“自我价值”与创伤悲痛有显著的负相关（r=-0.18,P<0.01）,生活导向、丧亲相关的非理性信念、非理性信念与创伤悲痛显著正相关（r值分别为0.17、0.41、0.40,P值均<0.01）;(3)丧亲组中丧亲相关非理性信念、非理性信念能够显著预测创伤悲痛反应（B=0.63,0.21,P值均<0.01;R2=0.201）。因此,大学生丧亲之后的创伤悲痛反应主要源于非理性信念,提示对这一心理问题的辅导应采用理性情绪疗法,关键在于如何处理丧亲之后的非理性信念。     

中日文学视野下的贾平凹小说中的城市意念

首先,比较《废都》与日本现代作家川端康成《古都》,解析代表历史古都的城市意象内涵与城市发展变化。其次,贾平凹自认为是农民,从农村与城市的角度解读其小说《白夜》、《土门》、《高兴》中的城市意念演变。最后,观照安部公房追求的大城市意念,探析贾平凹笔下经济发展后的城市想象。