鞍山 从废墟中站起的中国钢都

从共和国第一炉铁水、钢水诞生的那一刻算起,鞍钢为新中国钢铁工业创造了多个第一,被誉为"共和国钢铁工业长子"、 "新中国钢铁工业摇篮":1953年10月27日,第一根无缝钢管在鞍钢诞生,11月30日,第一根重轨在鞍钢问世; 12月19日,第一座现代化高炉流出第一炉铁水, "一五"期间,鞍钢成为新中国第一个大型钢铁生产基地,并涌现出孟泰、王崇伦等一批劳动模范……     

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Entrance Assessment Model Through Air Passenger Violations

This article aims to construct a risk model for the prediction of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) entrance caused by passengers who illegally carry meat products of cloven-hoofed animals through international airports into a country. The risk that meat contaminated with the FMD virus is formulated as the probabilities of FMD factor events (the prevalence of FMD), the commodity factor event (the transportation, storage, and distribution (TSD) factor event), and the passenger event. Data used for analysis were records of illegal meat product carriers from areas A and B intercepted at an international airport in Taiwan. A risk model was proposed to simulate the probability distributions in disease prevalence, probability of FMD virus existing in the meat products after meat processing, and estimation of survival of virus and time period for TSD. The probability of the passenger event was hypothesized with the odds of intercepted passengers and estimated via logistic regression. The results showed that the odds of passengers being intercepted by beagles were higher than those intercepted by Customs. By conducting Monte Carlo simulations, the probability of FMD virus risk caused by FMD factors from area A was 149 times lower than that from area B. The probability of FMD virus risk caused by the passenger event from area A was four times lower than the corresponding probability from area B. The model provides a contribution to FMD prevention and can be a reference for developing models of other diseases.     

Opportunities for woman-initiated HIV prevention methods among female sex workers in southern China

Rapid changes in China over the past two decades have led to significant problems associated with population migration and changing social attitudes, including a growing sex industry and concurrent increases in STIs and HIV. This article reports results of an exploratory study of microbicide acceptability and readiness and current HIV prevention efforts among female sex workers in two rural and one urban town in Hainan and Guangxi Provinces in southern China. The study focused on these women's knowledge and cultural understandings of options for protecting themselves from exposure to STIs and HIV, and the potential viability and acceptability of woman-initiated prevention methods. We report on ethnographic elicitation interviews conducted with women working within informal sex-work establishments (hotels, massage and beauty parlors, roadside restaurants, boarding houses). We discuss implications of these findings for further promotion of woman-initiated prevention methods such as microbicides and female condoms among female sex workers in China.     

长途乘客出行行为分析——以天津为例

随着城市社会经济的快速发展,公路主枢纽规划所面临的形势发生了重要变化,规划的理念也需要更新,因此许多主枢纽城市已经完成或正在进行公路主枢纽规划修编工作.     

全国普通高等学校美术学(教师教育)本科专业课程设置指导方案(试行)探讨

通过学习《全国普通高等学校美术学(教师教育)本科专业课程设置指导方案》(试行),认为“方案”中新的课程设置是从精英教育向大众教育模式转型的一大改革,对学校和教师提出了全方位的、高标准的、全新的要求。     

终身教育与学生自主学习能力的培养

自主学习能力对于学习者而言是一项重要技能,是实现终身教育所必备。本文分析了自主学习能力的培养对于实现有效终身教育的必要性,探讨了在现代信息技术日益改变着教学模式的背景下如何培养学生的自主学习能力。笔者认为,树立以学生为中心的教学理念是实现自主学习能力培养的关键,培养学习动机、学习策略以及信息素养是提高自主学习能力的三个重点。     

An elastic-net penalized expectile regression with applications

To perform variable selection in expectile regression, we introduce the elastic-net penalty into expectile regression and propose an elastic-net penalized expectile regression (ER-EN) model. We then adopt the semismooth Newton coordinate descent (SNCD) algorithm to solve the proposed ER-EN model in high-dimensional settings. The advantages of ER-EN model are illustrated via extensive Monte Carlo simulations. The numerical results show that the ER-EN model outperforms the elastic-net penalized least squares regression (LSR-EN), the elastic-net penalized Huber regression (HR-EN), the elastic-net penalized quantile regression (QR-EN) and conventional expectile regression (ER) in terms of variable selection and predictive ability, especially for asymmetric distributions. We also apply the ER-EN model to two real-world applications: relative location of CT slices on the axial axis and metabolism of tacrolimus (Tac) drug. Empirical results also demonstrate the superiority of the ER-EN model.     

Outlier detection and robust variable selection via the penalized weighted LAD-LASSO method

This paper studies the outlier detection and robust variable selection problem in the linear regression model. The penalized weighted least absolute deviation (PWLAD) regression estimation method and the adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) are combined to simultaneously achieve outlier detection, and robust variable selection. An iterative algorithm is proposed to solve the proposed optimization problem. Monte Carlo studies are evaluated the finite-sample performance of the proposed methods. The results indicate that the finite sample performance of the proposed methods performs better than that of the existing methods when there are leverage points or outliers in the response variable or explanatory variables. Finally, we apply the proposed methodology to analyze two real datasets.     

Hard thresholding regression

In this paper, we propose the hard thresholding regression (HTR) for estimating high‐dimensional sparse linear regression models. HTR uses a two‐stage convex algorithm to approximate the ?₀‐penalized regression: The first stage calculates a coarse initial estimator, and the second stage identifies the oracle estimator by borrowing information from the first one. Theoretically, the HTR estimator achieves the strong oracle property over a wide range of regularization parameters. Numerical examples and a real data example lend further support to our proposed methodology.     

由"焚书坑儒"到"崇尚黄老"再到"独尊儒术"——秦汉之际的学术思想与帝国文明

秦汉之际,是中国文明发展史上的重要转折时期,秦始皇、汉初诸帝再到汉武帝,都为建立并巩固中央集权制而做不懈努力。但是为了这共同的政治目的,他们却采用了不同的学术思想为其理论依据。其中秦始皇采用了法家思想,汉初诸帝采用了黄老思想,汉武帝采用了儒家思想,同时又兼采其它诸家思想以协调。究其原因,实与当时快速变化发展的政治形势有关。