创造力是知识经济时代的主导资源

创新是一个民族进步的灵魂。创新的一个首要前提就是要具备创造力。伴随着知识经济时代的到来,创造力的作用愈益凸显出来,国外一些学者率先提出了创造力资源的概念并受到学术界的广泛关注。作为人所特有的一种能力,创造力资源既可以像传统资源一样直接为人类带来财富,同时又具有不同于传统资源的特点。创造力资源的开发利用不但可以大大提高传统资源的使用效率,成为生产力发展的内在动力,而且还因其源源不断的创造而推动人类的新的实践模式和存在方式的产生,为人类文明开辟新的领域,是知识经济时代的一种主导资源。     

关于文化经济的几个基本理论问题的探讨

文化经济作为新世纪的时代命题和战略构想,反映了未来发展的新趋势和新动向。它以精神生产、文化产业和文化产品为核心概念,具有创新性、可持续性、非物质性、成本特殊性和文化、经济属性。发展文化经济是对建设中国特色社会主义规律性认识的深化,对调整产业结构,拉动经济增长,促进文化繁荣具有十分重要的意义和价值。     

高原、民族与宗教：清代西藏城市发展特征

西藏地区城市出现较早,但发展相对缓慢。清代是西藏城市发展的一个重要时期,自然地理环境、交通、商贸的发展,清廷对西藏统治的加强以及政教合一制度的继承和发展都对西藏地区城市体系的初步形成产生了重大影响。特殊的自然地理环境决定了清代西藏的城市多分布于河谷低地区域,呈现沿河流、湖泊分布的地域特征。西藏的城市空间布局也深受藏传佛教的影响,寺庙等宗教场所成为城市的中心或重心所在。西藏地区的游牧经济也深刻地影响到城市发展进程,与内地相比,城市发展相对滞后,城市形态不完善,城市数量少,规模较小,功能单一。     

Estimation of the area under ROC curve with censored data

The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve is the most commonly used summary measure of diagnostic accuracy for a continuous-scale diagnostic test. In this paper, we develop methods to estimate the area under the curve (AUC) with censored data. Based on two different integration representations of this parameter, two nonparametric estimators are defined by the “plug in” method. Both the proposed estimators are shown to be asymptotically normal based on counting process and martingale theory. A simulation study is conducted to evaluate the performances of the proposed estimators.     

Incorporating scientific,ethical and economic considerations into the design of clinical trials in the pharmaceutical industry: a sequential approach

A flexible sequential approach to the design of clinical trials is discussed herein. This approach is based on a “confidence sequence” viewpoint instead of the rigid stopping and terminal decision rules in conventional sequential testing theory. By using an appropriate confidence sequence, one can always ensure a prescribed degree of scientific rigor (confidence) in establishing the drug to be effective. Moreover, one also has the option of terminating the trial early when there is already enough statistical evidence for concluding that the drug is effective, or when the drug shows uniorseen harmful effects, or when the data predict that there is little chance of arriving at a definitive conclusion in favor of the drug by the scheduled end of the trial. We discuss how these and other ethical and economic considerations can be readily incorporated into the stopping criteria of the trial.     

Lag Order and Critical Values of the Augmented Dickey–Fuller Test

Response surface analysis is used to obtain approximate finite-sample critical values for the augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) test. Previous studies estimating the critical values for the test have generally ignored their possible dependence on the lag order. This study shows that the lag order, in addition to the sample size, can affect the finite-sample behavior of the test. The result points to the importance of correcting for the effect of lag order in applying the ADF test.     

On testing more IFRA ordering-II

ABSTRACT

Suppose F and G are two life distribution functions. It is said that F is more IFRA (increasing failure rate average) than G (written by F ? _*G) if G^{? 1}F(x) is star-shaped on (0, ∞). In this paper, the problem of testing H₀: F = _*G against H₁: F ? _*G and F ≠ _*G is considered in both cases when G is known and when G is unknown. We propose a new test based on U-statistics and obtain the asymptotic distribution of the test statistics. The new test is compared with some well-known tests in the literature. In addition, we apply our test to a real data set in the context of reliability.     

固有词语时尚用法论析

固有词语的时尚用法是语言发展变化中一种值得注意的现象 ,表现为固有词语语汇意义和语法意义的变化 ,其形成和发展有着复杂的社会文化背景 ,并与社会群体的言语交际心理和语言自身的因素相关联。固有词语的时尚用法从整体上有着积极的作用 ,但其对语言、对社会文化的消极影响也不容忽视。