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Robert C. Cope Joshua V. Ross Talia A. Wittmann Michael J. Watts Phillip Cassey 《Risk analysis》2019,39(1):35-53
Understanding the risk of biological invasions associated with particular transport pathways and source regions is critical for implementing effective biosecurity management. This may require both a model for physical connectedness between regions, and a measure of environmental similarity, so as to quantify the potential for a species to be transported from a given region and to survive at a destination region. We present an analysis of integrated biosecurity risk into Australia, based on flights and shipping data from each global geopolitical region, and an adaptation of the “range bagging” method to determine environmental matching between regions. Here, we describe global patterns of environmental matching and highlight those regions with many physical connections. We classify patterns of global invasion risk (high to low) into Australian states and territories. We validate our analysis by comparison with global presence data for 844 phytophagous insect pest species, and produce a list of high‐risk species not previously known to be present in Australia. We determined that, of the insect pest species used for validation, the species most likely to be present in Australia were those also present in geopolitical regions with high transport connectivity to Australia, and those regions that were geographically close, and had similar environments. 相似文献
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现有研究强调数字化创新对企业的战略价值,但学术界对企业如何进行数字化创新的认识却较为有限.借鉴变革型领导理论,本文提出CIO需求方领导力正向影响企业数字化创新水平,同时,CIO结构权力可以增强CIO需求方领导力与企业数字化创新水平的正向关系.此外,从CIO自身技能方面识别出CIO需求方领导力的三个重要前因:战略IT知识、政治悟性以及网络能力.通过采集179份CIO-TMT的企业配对问卷数据进行实证分析,实证结果较好地支持了研究假设.本文提出的假设模型为企业发挥CIO在推进数字化创新中的主导作用提供了理论基础和实践启示. 相似文献
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张中宇 《重庆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2020,(1):62
“有朋”之“朋”,包咸、郑玄以及《论语》早期注疏本都注为“同门”。考“有朋”章前后所论,均为对本门弟子的要求或训诫,并未涉及“友人”来访的语境,因此“友朋”之说必为抄本之误;《论语》中“朋友”出现八例,无一例作“友朋”,“友朋”组合也不见于春秋及以前文献。今译“朋”为“朋友”似是而非,因为现代汉语“朋友”已偏指“友”,没有“同门”之义,不能准确阐释原意。《述而》中“束脩”历代注为求学的见面礼,但黄式三、李泽厚等取“束带修饰”及“年十五”之说,参考敦煌、吐鲁番等出土文献整理的《唐写本〈论语郑氏注〉》残卷,可证“束脩”表示成年之说是对郑玄注的断章取义。孟子阐释“教人以善谓之忠”是“忠”在先秦的一般用义,其用法不限于臣对君或下对上;《宪问》中“忠焉”章孔子论述的教育思想,至今仍具有科学性、进步性。 相似文献
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As important members of research teams, statisticians bear an ethical responsibility to analyze, interpret, and report data honestly and objectively. One way of reinforcing ethical responsibilities is through required courses covering a variety of ethics-related topics at the graduate level. We assessed ethics requirements for graduate-level statistics training programs in the United States for the 2013–2014 academic year using the websites of 88 universities, examining 103 biostatistics programs, and 136 statistics degree programs. We categorized programs’ ethics training requirements as required or not required. Thirty-one (35.1%) universities required an ethics course for at least some degree students. Sixty-two (25.5%) degree programs required an ethics course for at least some students. The majority (77.4%) of required courses were worth 0 or 1 credit. Of the 177 programs without an ethics requirement, 19 (10.7%) listed an ethics elective. Although a single ethics course is insufficient for instilling an ethical approach to science, degree programs that model expectations through coursework point to the value of ethics in science. More training programs should prepare statisticians to consider the ethical dimensions of their work through required coursework. Supplementary materials for this article are available online. 相似文献
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Aging in the Era of Regenerative Medicine: Analysis of Aging‐Related Representations among Canadian Researchers
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Céline Lafontaine 《The Sociological quarterly》2015,56(1):62-79
Explicitly aimed at understanding and controlling molecular and cellular processes at the root of senescence and biological aging, regenerative medicine aspires to artificially reproduce the biological processes that enable the body to regenerate itself. This no longer involves conserving the body's state of balance by combating disease, as in clinical medicine, but rather fighting degeneration itself. From stem cell research to gene therapy to the production of replacement tissues, regenerative medicine perfectly corresponds to the logic of biomedicalization specific to postmodern society. Based on a series of 18 interviews conducted with Canadian researchers and clinicians in the field of regenerative medicine, this article seeks to understand representations of the aging body among researchers in this field. Seen from a strictly negative angle, aging is assimilated by researchers to an inevitable catastrophe that nevertheless must be combated. More closely observing the theoretical model of regenerative biology and the types of treatments developed, it can be observed, however, that this medicine of the future does not target the elderly, but rather promises youth the ability to regenerate themselves to avoid aging. 相似文献
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