中国二战电影与反思“二战”的距离有多远

中国二战题材电影有三种面相:"英雄传奇类抗战电影"、"回归历史的抗战电影"、"反思类二战电影".传奇类过强而反思类不足是中国二战题材电影的特点.欧美国家的二战电影取得了反法西斯的丰硕成果,而我国导演反思"二战"的视角还不到位.只有揭露日本军国主义的法西斯本质,并从根本上揭示其形成法西斯观念的内在原因,才能触及"二战"的本质从而达到反思战争的目的.抗战-反法西斯-反战,是认识这场战争的三个有序过程,既切合人们对"二战"历史的认识规律,又符合一般观众思想运行的内在逻辑.对于中国观众的接受心理来说,"反法西斯"环节尤其重要.     

Issues for stratified randomization based on a factor derived from a continuous baseline variable

Stratified randomization based on the baseline value of the primary analysis variable is common in clinical trial design. We illustrate from a theoretical viewpoint the advantage of such a stratified randomization to achieve balance of the baseline covariate. We also conclude that the estimator for the treatment effect is consistent when including both the continuous baseline covariate and the stratification factor derived from the baseline covariate. In addition, the analysis of covariance model including both the continuous covariate and the stratification factor is asymptotically no less efficient than including either only the continuous baseline value or only the stratification factor. We recommend that the continuous baseline covariate should generally be included in the analysis model. The corresponding stratification factor may also be included in the analysis model if one is not confident that the relationship between the baseline covariate and the response variable is linear. In spite of the above recommendation, one should always carefully examine relevant historical data to pre-specify the most appropriate analysis model for a perspective study.     

主体风险规避情形下多属性逆向拍卖利润分配研究

本文针对采供双方风险规避的多属性逆向拍卖环境下的利润分配与采供关系建立问题,构建了非合作与合作博弈模型,分析了主体风险态度对利润分配结果的影响,得出建立和发展合作关系的条件,并确定了利润最优分配比例。结合仿真实验得出：1）采供双方非合作时,影响双方利润的因素：供应商成本参数,参与拍卖的供应商数量等。2）双方合作时,对利润的分配比例,受双方风险规避系数的影响;采购商提供给供应商的补贴受双方风险规避系数和讨价还价能力的影响。3）双方建立合作的基本条件需同时满足集体理性和个体理性,而长期合作的必要条件是双方效用最大化前提下的确定最优分配比例。     

高等学校投资效益的评价体系探讨

分析高等学校的投入产出关系,建立了一套高等学校投资效益评价指标体系和权重体系,通过模糊数学中隶属度的概念,采用层次分析法针对评价体系进行单因素模糊评价和多级模糊综合评判,并采集了某所高校不同年度的数据,通过软件对评价体系进行了计算和验证,得出各年度投资效益的产出率。     

当代大学生犯罪的原因及其防控对策分析

近年来,大学生犯罪不仅数量呈上升趋势,犯罪领域不断扩大,而且其犯罪呈现团伙化、多元化和智能化的趋势,大学生犯罪已成为一个不可回避的社会问题。大学生犯罪的原因复杂,既有来自个体的原因,又有来自家庭、学校和社会的原因。因此,防范和减少大学生犯罪的对策也是一个复杂的系统工程,针对大学生犯罪的成因,其预防应包括加强学校教育,培养健康的心理素质、良好的道德素质和法制观念,强化家庭教育,同时注重社会预防的功效。     

《厄舍屋的倒塌》之魅力所在

美国作家埃德加·艾伦·坡的短篇小说以其独特的恐怖色彩闻名于世,他的《厄舍屋的倒塌》更是成为倍受读者青睐的经典。对这个故事进行细致的文本分析就可以发现,故事中不但有天才的恐怖氛围的营造,还潜藏着人物对生命的渴望和对善与美的追求。正是这种崇高的道德诉求,使得作品拥有了持久的生命力,令读者百看不厌。品味作品中娴熟的艺术技巧和温暖的人性味道,我们将还原经典更全面的价值。     

人文学科的修辞转向和修辞学的批判性转向

科学主义之所以能大行其道,原因就在于话语中的主体和客体张力被特定的修辞手段化解了,"修辞转向"指的就是修辞在社会现实文本化过程中的作用被人们重新认识.人文学科发生的修辞转向使一度被边缘化了的修辞学重新获得了社会现实的关联性,而批判理论和社会理论为其重新进行社会参与提供了理论基础.西方修辞学者运用社会、批判理论的一些基本概念拓展传统修辞学的内涵和方法,成功地演绎、发展出了一套与批判理论相结合的修辞学新方法,使修辞学发生了批判性转向,为古老的修辞学开辟了新的研究和实践内容,为修辞学的发展提供了新的契机.读者定位、文本的视角定位等则是转向后的修辞分析的切入点.不过值得注意的是,虽然修辞学的批判性转向大大拓展了修辞学的内涵,但它也模糊了和相关学科的界线.     

沪深300指数收益率及已实现波动联合建模研究

金融资产的收益率和波动率是金融资产投资和风险管理等应用中的重要决定因素。针对收益率的新息过程与波动率的新息过程之间可能存在相关性的实际情况,将已实现波动区分为连续波动和跳跃波动,对收益率、连续波动和跳跃波动联合建模并刻画各时间序列模型新息之间的相关性,给出联合模型的最大似然估计法,使用2005年4月8日至2011年5月23日沪深300指数5分钟高频数据进行实证。研究结果表明,收益率、连续波动和跳跃波动的新息之间存在统计显著的相关性,对各时间序列单独建模估计的传统方法存在本质缺陷,沪深300指数已实现波动的杠杆效应及周日效应主要来自连续波动分量。联合模型通过对新息之间相关关系的合理刻画,提高了参数估计的有效性。     

农户消费行为两阶段LES-AIDS模型分析——基于陕西省农村住户的微观实证

由于人口规模的原因,农村住户食品消费的变化对中国和世界食品市场均有较大影响。文章采用LES-AIDS模型和国家统计局陕西省农调队2005年农户微观调查数据,建立了两阶段预算需求系统估计农户总消费需求和农户9种食品项目的消费需求。研究发现,食品、衣着、燃料、住房和耐用消费品及其他均缺乏价格弹性,住房和耐用消费品及其他支出弹性大于1仍然属于奢侈品,食品和衣着消费是必需品;在食品内部消费中,价格弹性范围是-0.942～-0.362,牛肉、猪肉、家禽的支出弹性较高,粮食、蔬菜、糖的支出弹性较低,住房对农户食品消费有明显的挤出效应,农户自身特征变量对农户消费模式影响显著,不同收入组农户食品消费结构有明显差异。     

An outline of study on China's population / environment issues

Attention is given to population and growth and the impact on the environment and resources in China. Policies for managing the environment and instituting population education are also addressed. The first position paper of the National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPAC) on June 2, 1990 is summarized. The population of China was 1.11 billion in 1989. The rate of growth in 1988 was 14.2/1000 in 1988. 91% live in the southeast on 43% of the land. Land area is 9.6 million square miles. 65% can be made arable, and 14% is cultivated. China has 7% of the world's arable land and 20% of the world's population. Population growth has reduced arable land/captia. The impact on forests has been deforestation. 13% of land is currently forested, and timber reserves encompass 9.14 billion cubic meters, or 9 cubic meters/person. The demand for firewood and timber will increase. The impact on grasslands has been overgrazing and desertification at a current rate of 1560 square kilometer/year. The impact on energy resources is a greater demand for coal which will increase and thus increase pollution of the environment. The impact on water resources is greater demand and increased pollution. Water resources are 2700 cubic meters/person or less than the world average. 26.8 billion tons of waste water were industrially discharged out of 36.8 billion tons. 436 of the 532 rivers are polluted. The impact on the environment is a decreased standard of living. NEPAC reported that air pollution was slightly reduced in 4% of the cities in 1988, increased in 4%, and stable in the remaining cities. Water quality improved through the lowering of industrial waste water discharges, but 72% of river segments are still above the standards. Each major river system is discussed. Noise increased, and industrial solid wastes increased. Forest reserve is 9.141 billion cubic meters; the man-made forest has increased. The loss of grasslands is .13 million hectares/year. Cultivated land is 95.72 million hectares, but 100,000 hectares/year are damaged by natural disasters and 6 million are polluted by industrial wastes. 606 nature preserves have been established. In 1989, a complete legal system of environmental protection was established and investment increased.