试论在农业发展新阶段加快培育高素质经营型农民的若干问题

在农业和农村经济发展新阶段 ,新的形势、新的任务与高素质经营型农民偏少的矛盾十分突出。解决这一矛盾 ,需要正确认识高素质经营型农民的本质特点 ,开辟多种途径加快培育步伐 ,并切实创造有利于高素质经营型农民健康成长的良好机制和环境     

超导圆柱形波导的迈斯纳模式

本文采用超导体电磁理论和迈斯纳模式导出了超导圆柱形波导横电波的传输模式和表面超导电流分布。在超导波导中 ,传统的金属波导的边界条件已不再适用 ,必需利用迈斯纳模式加以修正。新的边界条件导致了这种波导中电磁模式的许多新的特性     

申诉与涉诉信访问题：从法律适用上检讨

案件申诉尤其是涉诉信访不断增多的问题原因很多,但主要是法律适用上的问题,而且突出表现在法官非专业化,合议庭审案名不符实,审判的监督机制未有效建立,行政权力对司法权力渗透四个方面。减少申诉与涉诉信访案件必须切实解决好法律适用上的问题。     

评《中国北方神话论稿》

本书论述了《中国北方神话论稿》一书的学术成就。     

唐五代敦煌的"饮食胡风"

本文依据敦煌文献和敦煌壁画的资料,从食物原料、饮食品种、饮食器具、饮食礼仪、“胡姬酒肆”、饮食结构等方面检讨了唐五代敦煌地区饮食中的“胡风”现象,进而讨论了敦煌地区“饮食胡风”浓重的原因和特点,以及其在中西饮食文化传播中的作用。     

教師應該允許有多大的自主性(英文)

本文涉及教師自主性的問题,包括教師應否有自主性,應有多大的自主性。作者探討了教師自主性在课堂及學習過程中發揮的正面影響。教師的自主性與他的满足感乃至流動性都有直接的關係。本文還對學校行政人員在教師自主性上扮演的角色也作了回顧,闡明了行政人员經常出於各種考慮傾向於限制教師的自主性。此外,也探討了規範化测試對於教師自主性的影響。     

The Total Marital Fertility Rate and Its Extensions

What we will call the age-based TMFR is computed conventionally by adding up age-specific marital fertility rates in the hope of estimating the number of children ever born to a woman who is married throughout her childbearing years. Demographers have long been strongly skeptical about this quantity because it normally indicates implausibly many children. Our analysis of data from the Romanian GGS confirms this finding, and we propose an alternative duration-based TMFR computed in the spirit of parity-progression ratios. At the same time, we extend the method to cover any type of living arrangement (cohabitation, marriage, non-partnered arrangement, and so on). Because each resulting total union-type fertility rate (TUFR) explicitly accounts for the living arrangement, it improves on the conventional total fertility rate (TFR), which does not. We embed the investigation in an event-history analysis with fixed and time-varying control covariates and find patterns of relative risks for such variables that reveal interesting features of childbearing behavior in the Romanian data, which we use to illustrate the method. In most cases, these patterns are quite robust against model re-specification, including the shift from the age-based to the duration-based approach. Since, the number of female respondents is ??only?? about 6,000 (minus records that cannot be used for the current purpose) in a normal single-round GGS, there is considerable inherent random variation in the data set, but we show that simple few-term moving average graduation suffices to overcome this problem.     

Political Violence, Impunity, and Emotional Climate in Maya Communities

This article explores the effects of political violence and impunity on the emotional climate of Guatemalan Maya communities and the processes that may be drawn upon to improve such climates as revealed by three studies conducted in the 1990s. The first investigated Guatemalan peasants' emotional responses to political and military repression during an ongoing conflict; the second, the effects of participation in judicial processes among a Guatemalan community recovering from a massacre as peace was being negotiated; and the third, the emotional impact of responding to extreme human rights violations among rural Maya women who also critically examined their gendered location in war and peacemaking. Taken collectively, the findings of these studies suggest several resources that have been deployed by survivors of human rights violations in Guatemala as tools for improving emotional climate and for moving forward in ongoing struggles for truth and justice, even in contexts of persistent violence and impunity.     

简论我国的农民地位问题

目前,农民地位在经济、政治和社会福利等多方面与城市居民有很大差别。其成因既有传统的户籍制度、城市偏好的赶超型工业化战略等体制性因素,也有对农民地位问题认识上的偏差。提高农民地位当务之急是制定并实施一系列归还农民权益和自由的政策。     

叶剑英与侨务

叶剑英深刻理解华侨的爱国情怀,保护华侨利益,关心华侨健康,重视华侨教育,团结华侨,推动祖国解放、建设和统一事业。他关于华侨和侨务工作的论述与实践,是毛泽东、邓小平侨务理论的组成部分。